JOURNAL OF ARDABIL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JAUMS)
Year:2020 | Volume:20 | Issue:1|Papers Count:11

Background & objectives: Lipocalin family proteins, have been identified as adipokines associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and the metabolic syndrome. Exercise training and active compounds of plants have potency as antidiabetic that can be used for treating T2D. We have evaluated the effect of exercise training and Momordica chianti L. on Retinol binding protein-4(RBP4), Fatty acid binding proteins-4 (FABP4) and Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) in Men with T2D. Methods: In this clinical trial study, 36 T2D men in Tehran were selected and randomly divided into four groups (control, M. charantia, training and M. charantia+training). The training groups participated in a progressive aerobic training for eight weeks, three sessions per week (40% to 70% of the reserved heart rate for 15 to 45 min). The groups of M. charantia and M. charantia+training received 2000 mg of M. charantia for eight weeks (twice a day before breakfast and dinner). Two days before and after the protocol, blood samples were taken in fasting state. Data were analyzed using Independent t test and ANOVA at p<0. 05. Results: The results showed that the RBP4, FABP4 and LCN2 decreased significantly in the experimental groups (p<0. 0001). Also, RBP4, FABP4 and LCN2 levels were significantly decreased in the M. charantia+ training group compared to training and M. charantia groups (p<0. 05). Conclusions: Aerobic training and M. charantia may decrease inflammation in T2D patients by decreasing lipocalins. Furthermore, aerobic training along with M. charantia had a better effect.

Background & objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common diseases in the elderly. Elderly people with this disease have many problems, as sleep disorders, that can cause many complications such as falls, depression, memory disorders, irritability, fatigue, difficulty concentrating and dementia. The aim of this study was to determine the severity of insomnia in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study that was performed on 170 elderly people with COPD referred to Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran. The research instruments were short form of cognitive test and demographic characteristics, insomnia severity questionnaire. Data analysis was performed in SPSS software (V. 16), using Pearson and Spearman correlation test, one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, logistic regression analysis and Tukey post hoc analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation of insomnia in the elderly were found to be 14. 4± 5. 6 which indicated moderate insomnia. Factors such as gender, marital status, patient's occupation, history of sleep disorders, and history of hypnotic drugs use and duration of COPD were the variables that were significantly associated with patients' insomnia. (p<0. 001) Conclusion: Insomnia disorder in the elderly will have adverse consequences. Hence the control of effective factors in these patients can improve their health and quality of life.

Background & objectives: Oxaliplatin is a third-generation of platinum drug which is the main therapeutic agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Oxaliplatin not only inhibits DNA replication but also transcription and also induces apoptosis or necrosis in cancer cells and rapidly dividing cell lines. Although it is widely used clinically, there is no enough information regarding its effect on ovarian structure. This study was designed to determine morphometric features of 30-and 60-day-old offspring ovaries using precise and unbiased stereological technique following administration of oxaliplatin during perinatal period in mice. Methods: In the present experimental study, 32 adult female mice were used for experimental (pre-pregnant, pregnant and lactation) and control groups. Mice were placed in separate cages for mating. Control group received 0. 2 ml saline intraperitoneally (IP) during 21 days of prepregnancy, pregnancy and lactation periods. Experimental groups including pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation groups received 3 mg/kg oxaliplatin thrice in a week IP during 21 days before mating, during pregnancy and lactation periods, respectively. At the 30th and 60th postnatal days (PND), the offspring were euthanized and the ovaries from eight offspring in each group were collected for stereological analysis. Results: The results showed that the mean volume oocytes of antral and preantral follicles and also the mean volume of antral follicles were decreased in experimental groups in comparison with the control group in 30 PND offspring (p<0. 05). In 60 PND, offspring, the total volume of follicles, mean volume of antral follicles and also mean volume of oocyte of antral follicles in experimental groups showed significant decrease in comparison with the control group (p<0. 05). Total volume of ovary, cortical volume and mean volume of preantral follicles decreased in pregnant experimental group compared to control group (p<0. 05). Conclusion: The present results demonstrated that oxaliplatin induces adverse effect on the morphometrical features of the ovary following administration during the perinatal period especially in pregnancy time.

Background & objectives: The use of controlled hypotension is important to reduce bleeding in some surgeries. This study aimed to determine the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and labetalol for induced hypotension in maxillofacial fractures surgery. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized controlled clinical trial study, the patients with maxillofacial fractures were randomly divided into two groups: group 1. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) (bolus dose: 1μ g/kg and maintenance dose: 0. 3-0. 5 μ g/kg/h) and group 2. Labetalol (bolus dose: 0. 3mg/kg and maintenance dose: 0. 2-0. 5 mg/kg/h). The patient's hemodynamic indices (including heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at various surgical intervals. Finally, the surgeon's satisfaction (from 1-6 points) was evaluated. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19 software. Results: The MAP, SBP, and DBP were significantly higher in the DEX group than the Labetalol group especially at 30 and 90 minutes after the bolus. The mean HR was significantly lower in the DEX group than Labetalol during the recovery period. The surgeon's satisfaction in the Labetalol group was significantly higher than the DEX group. Conclusion: Based on the results, labetalol offers a better hemodynamics conditions than DEX during surgery and also lead to greater overall surgeon satisfaction.

Background & objectives: Physical training and some supplements through different mechanisms could be effective in reducing apoptosis; the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance training and supplementation of Persia Rosa extract on mitochondrial apoptosis of myocardium. Methods: In this experimental study, 52 male rats were randomly assigned into five homogeneous groups, three-month control, six months control, Persia Rosa supplement, endurance training and endurance training+Persia Rosa. Training groups participated in endurance training protocol for 12 weeks. The Persia Rosa and endurance training+Persia Rosa groups received 1 gram Persia Rosa extract per kg body weight. After the implementation of the training protocol and consumption of the extract, the surgical and cardiac tissue extraction procedures were performed. The data were analyzed by ANOVA test and Bonferroni post hoc tests at the significant level of less than 5% using SPSS-22 software. Results: The results showed that Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Caspase-3 gene expression were significantly decreased in endurance training and endurance training+Persia Rosa groups to the control group (p˂ 0. 05). Bax/Bcl-2 showed a significant decrease in the Persia Rosa supplement group (p˂ 0. 05), but Caspase-3 was not significant in the Persia Rosa supplement group. Conclusion: It is expected that the effect of endurance training with consumption of Persia Rosa extract on Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and Caspase-3 will provide a good platform for caspase mechanisms and apoptosis processes in the myocardium of rats.

Background & objectives: Due to the increasing prevalence of bacterial resistance, there is a growing attention to application of auxiliary treatment of pharyngitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of honey throat spray in the auxiliary treatment of patients with a diagnosis of pharyngitis. Methods: At the start, different physicochemical quality parameters of the honey sample were evaluated. Then, the bottles of honey and the placebo throat spray were prepared. The numbers of 70 patients with the diagnosis of pharyngitis were included in a one-step and double-blinded study. In addition to standard treatment, each patient received either one of the honey or placebo throat spray. The clinical symptoms of the patients were compared between the two groups at baseline and then at 24 hours, 48 hours, 5 days and 10 days after the starting the treatment procedure. Results: As per results, the quality of honey sample was met to the standard honey criteria. The treatment and placebo groups were statistically similar in terms of demographic specifications or clinical symptoms at the time to enter the study. Pharyngitis recovery was better in treatment group than in the placebo group; this positive effect was statistically significant for symptoms of morning phlegm and painful swallowing, 24 hours after the starting treatment. In treatment group, after 48 hours, symptoms of fever and painful swallowing were resolved, while this indicator was 23% in placebo group. Also, throat pain of 85. 71% of patients in treatment group and 17. 14% of patients in placebo group was relieved. Overall, the mean recovery time in treatment group was shorter than placebo group. Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that the use of honey throat spray as auxiliary treatment of pharyngitis can improve the clinical symptoms of pharyngitis and reduce recovery time.

Introduction & objectives: Application of traditional medicine and identification of herbs to treat cancer are being on the rise. Little information is available on the anticancer effects of Smyrnium cordifolium bioss species. For this purpose, the present study investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the alcoholic extract of S. cordifulium. Methods: After preparing the plant and its alcoholic extract, different concentrations of the extract (0, 2, 10, 50 and 250 μ g/ml) were added to the culture medium of MCF-7 cells. MTT assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of different extract concentrations. In addition, acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining was used to assess apoptosis rates. Data was analyzed by SPSS software at the significance level of 5%. Results: the results of this study showed that S. cordifolium extract at 250μ g/ml concentration had a more inhibitory effect on proliferation compared to other treatment groups. Moreover, this concentration (250μ g/ml) had a significant effect on apoptosis in comparison with other concentrations. Conclusion: In conclusion, it seems that alcoholic extract of S. cordifolium can partially reduce proliferation of cancer cells.

Background & objectives: Endoscopy is an invasive and painful procedure. The use of sedatives, especially in children, is expanding. The aim of this study was to compare the sedative effects of ketofol and the combination of midazolam-ketamine in upper GI endoscopy in children aged 1 to 14 years who referred to Taleghani Hospital in the city of Gorgan. Methods: In this study, 55 children 1 to 14 years old entered the study after obtaining parental consent. They were divided into two groups, ketamine-propofol (KP) and ketaminemidazolam (KM), by simple randomization. At all stages of the work, patients underwent cardiac and respiratory monitoring. All hemodynamic parameters and ramsay sedation score (RSS) were recorded for all participants in the 5 time periods before, during and after endoscopy. ANOVA test and bonferroni tracking test were used in SPSS software to analyze and compare data. Results: 54. 5% were male patients. The ANOVA test showed that the scores of the two groups at the time of the study had a statistically significant difference (p=0. 02). In the KM group, the mean blood pressure and heart rate of patients increased at all times compared to before the intervention (p=0. 005). Blood pressure in the KP group had a steady trend over time (p<0. 001). Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference between the scores of the two groups and the group (KM) had higher scores, but the use of two drug regimens Propofol-Ketamine and Ketamine-Midazolam caused a good sedation in pediatric endoscopy. The propofol-ketamine compound resulted in greater hemodynamic stability in cardiovascular parameters during and after endoscopy.

Introduction & objectives: Aging is a period of life that is affected by the deprivation of social activities, lifestyle, and life satisfaction. Social capital plays a key role in the social, economic and health dimensions of individuals. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between social capital and demographic characteristics of the elderly who referred to the houses in the neighborhoods of Tehran in 2018. Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Elderly people aged 60 years and older referring to the neighborhoods of Tehran was selected by a multi-stage sampling method. Data collection tools included the Demographic Information Questionnaire and the Onyx Social Capital Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and both descriptive and inferential statistics. The significance level of the test was considered p≤ 0. 05. Results: The mean score of the elderly's social capital was 80. 15 ± 14. 89. Although the score of women's social capital (81. 86) was higher than men. There was no significant statistical relationship between the numerical indicators of social capital and gender. Conclusion: The results of the study showed that a significant percentage of the elderly have the desired social capital. Therefore, the results of this study can be used to promote the health of the elderly referring to the neighborhood houses with respect to positive aspects of "social capital" and realize of the concept of "healthy and active aging".

Background & objectives: Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and it is estimated that about 100, 000 cataract surgeries are performed annually in Iran. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of different morphological types of cataract and some related causes in patients undergoing surgery at Noor Surgery Center in Ardabil. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 780 patients referred to the Noor ophthalmology clinic in Ardabil with cataract diagnosis. The data were collected using a checklist by the researcher. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25 software and descriptive statistical methods. Results: Of the 1, 018 eyes (780 patients), 590 eyes (58%) were related to women and 428 eyes (42%) were related to men and the mean age of all patients was 65. 88± 11. 43. the mean grade of posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC), nuclear and cortical cataracts were 4. 56± 0. 62, 4. 79± 0. 89 and 4. 21± 0. 48 respectively. There was a significant difference between normal retina diabetics (p=0. 034), pseudo exfoliation syndrome (PEX) (p=0. 001), hyperopic (p=0. 008), corneal opacity (p=0. 036) and patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) (p=0. 032) and other patients in terms of cataract type (p=0. 034). There was no significant relationship between other comorbidities and cataract type. Conclusion: According to the results of the present study based on the significant relationship of some diseases with different morphological types of cataracts, accurate preoperative evaluation and planning for associated comorbidities is recommended.

Introduction: Skin defect reconstruction following tumor resection, is a challenge for surgeons. Nose as a key point of aesthetics has a significant role in this scenario. One of the practical approaches is dorsal nasal flap (Rintala) to cover lower 1/3 nasal defects. The disadvantages of this method are limitation to reach lower areas, especially nose tip, flap ischemia and wound dehiscence. Case report: A 47 years old man with supratip BCC lesion underwent tumor resection and prepared for dorsal nasal flap reconstructive surgery, in which dorsal hump resection caused relaxed flap transfer and ultimately more acceptable profile view. Conclusion: Advancement of the dorsal nasal flap more distally can be achieved by dorsal hump reduction in selected patients, which makes patients more satisfied with their new nasal form and appearance and reduces the risk of distal flap ischemia.