Iranian Journal of Information Processing & Management
Year:2020 | Volume:36 | Issue:4 (102)|Papers Count:10

Development of digital tools and emergence of cyberspace have not a long history, but the growth of them is very significant and they, increasingly involve more and more people, institutions, and processes. In virtual space a huge volume of content is created daily and internet users can access these content thourgh different forms. One of the key challenges in such a space is to protect the copyright and prevent it from violation. Although the protection of this right in physical space is not very difficult and various rules and regulations guarantee this right, there are many challenges to the protection of copyright in cyberspace. However, the speed of the development and expansion of digital tools makes these challenges more complicated. In this situation, countries have either tried independently or through ratification of regional and international treaties to protect copyright on this new space. This study aims to investigate the global treaties as well as the law of the United States, Canada, and Iran to draw the key protections and challenges. In order to achieve this goal, legal documents related to this field are gathered and analyzed and while highlighting some key features of cyberspace in comparison to the physical space, the way in which the relevant provisions are maintained are explained.

Law is a set of institutional statements that oblige, prohibit, or authorize actions for actors in different situations. Understanding these language-based institutional statements will help to better understand processes and design more efficient policies. However, the linguistic complexities contained in the text of these propositions have made it difficult to process them. In order to overcome these problems, this paper presents a systematic way of processing rules in Persian language based on institutional grammar tool. Institutional grammar tool uses a general syntactic structure, including the five components: “ attributes” , “ deontic” , “ aim” , “ conditions” , and “ or else” . “ Attribute” is any kind of value that separates the actors subject to the institutional statement from other actors. “ Deontic” expresses possible (permitted), must (obligatory), and must not (forbidden) meanings. “ Aim” describes the action and consequence that the deontic component is concerned with. “ Conditions” refer to variables that specify the time and place that an action is permitted, obligatory, or forbidden. “ Or else” relates to the consequence of non-compliance. The most important component that should be considered more due to the characteristics of Persian language as the contextual language of this research is the “ Deontic” component. In this regard, by examining the literature and studying the existing laws, the examples of expressing the deontic component in Persian language in the form of modal verbs, linking sentences and declarative sentences are identified and classified according to the different types of deontic. Finally, the proposed systematic method is used for analysing the law on preventing and combating fraud in carrying out scientific works. The results of this analysis indicate some shortcomings in this law. For example, some of the main actors who can contribute to the process of preventing fraud in scientific works have been neglected. The “ or else” component has not been explicitly stated in many statements which may decrease the effectiveness of these statements as they may be treated as a norm, which are not obligatory, instead of rules. The results of this analysis led to a better understanding of the law and the identification of its shortcomings, which could be used for further corrections.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the quantitative and critical content of research conducted by Iranian researchers in digital libraries in terms of research method, research community, topics, authors and their organizational affiliation and results of previous researches. The research method is quantitative content analysis. According to the mentioned purpose, the authors’ information, titles, abstracts, keywords of articles and dissertations related to this field of researches were analyzed. The statistical population of the study consists of 208 Iranian research outputs (137 articles and 71 theses) in the field of digital libraries that were selected based on their internal validity criteria. And to extract the data needed for the research, the research was conducted with the aim of analyzing quantitative and critical content in the field of digital libraries. In terms of place of publication and research, in research articles, Iranian Journal of Information Processing & Management (12) frequency; in Extension Articles, Journal of Monthly Books (12) frequency; and in the theses, Islamic Azad University of Tehran-North Branch (12) frequency، gained the most statistics. In terms of topics used, the results showed that topics such as “ evaluation of digital libraries” , “ concepts of digital, virtual and electronic libraries” , “ feasibility of creating digital libraries” and “ digital libraries user interface” gained the most attention. The results of content analysis indicate that the issue of digital libraries in previous researches of recent years has been growing in recent years and new topics such as semantic web, mapping, semantic integration and organization in this area have attracted the attention of researchers. The research has also shown that first, the bulk of the research sought to introduce and promote the conceptual and exemplary nature of the digital library, the knowledge that is largely available in English. Second, much of the research is repetitive. Third, no research has been done on the development of the digital library in terms of concept or technology. In addition, the results of some previous methodological research show that the most prominent examples are research methods that are quite feasible. Overall, the study of the topics studied and their timing in the field of theory and practice of digital libraries in Iran led to the identification of research gaps in this field. Researchers are therefore encouraged to look at other aspects of digital libraries that have not been studied or devoted to less research.

Key performance indicators are a useful tool in the field of operations management and help senior managers in the organization continually to improve their processes. In research information systems, data is considered as a valuable resource throughout the research process and much of the added value created in this process depends on the quality of the research data. Data quality control, on the other hand, is one of the most important activities to ensure that the quality of an organization’ s output is optimal, and is nowadays achieved through a powerful tool called control chart. In this paper, indicators such as accuracy, completeness and precision have been developed to monitor the performance of research information systems. The dissertation / thesis data of postgraduate students throughout the country that are disseminated in the GANJ System are monitored using the I-MR control chart. The results of continuous monitoring of data quality in different indices shows that in some of the newly integrated systems, there is a great deal of fluctuation in some indicators such as lack of familiarity with the system and information recording and lack of adequate training in some indices such as accuracy and precision. Lastly, providing timely feedback to students on data quality issues, appropriate notifications when completing fields for graduate students, and providing visual training and formulating necessary guidelines introduced as corrective actions to improve data quality and production process capability.

Today, due to the importance and expansion of the use of information technology, many organizations are witnessing problems and inconsistencies regarding the non-fulfillment of business needs due to the high volume of investment in information technology. One of the reasons for this discrepancy is the lack of alignment between the IT strategy and the business strategy, and therefore the lack of effective implementation of information technology governance. Therefore, the most important goal of this research is to provide a model for identifying and ranking the factors affecting IT governance. For this purpose, combined approach of fuzzy DEMATEL and fuzzy ANP has been used. In this study, the data of 20 experts in the field of information technology is collected through a questionnaire. Therefore, the research method is descriptive survey based on the nature and data collection and in terms of purpose, it is a practical development. In order to achieve the goals and answer the research questions, this research has been done in three main phases. In the first stage, by reviewing the literature and evaluating the results of studies, a context for the comprehensive identification and extraction of factors and sub-factors affecting IT governance and their classification is provided. Following, for the screening the identified variables, fuzzy Delphi technique has been used and with the opinion of experts, the classification of 21 key sub-factors among the 7 main factors have been confirmed. In the second step, internal relationships between the main factors are calculated using fuzzy DEMATEL method and the location of the network is plotted. Finally combined DEMATEL and fuzzy ANP and fuzzy ANP method has been used to weigh the factors and rank them. One of the most important results of the current research is to identify the causes and prioritize the effective factors in implementing information technology governance in organizations. These priorities indicate that, among other factors, the position of information technology in organizational structure in the weight of networks analysis has the first priority. Also, by DEMATEL method the IT strategy factor with the highest output vector has been identified as the most influential factor and the support and skills of senior IT managers with the highest total output and input vector have been identified as the most interactive factor.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting the competencies of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) of faculty members of Islamic Azad University of Tehran in order to improve the status quo. The present study was applied in terms of data quality and in terms of research method of content analysis. Participants in this study were selected based on theoretical principle of saturation, including 16 faculty members, such as professors, managers and ICT specialists who were selected through purposeful and theoretical sampling. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA software in three stages of open, axial and selective coding. Data validation was done using the verifiability method by the contributors. Based on research findings, effective factors on the development of ICT competencies of faculty members were identified and categorized in four categories including four environmental and technical factors, cultural factor, legal factor, technological factor, and nine dimensions and 37 indicators.

Nowadays we are witnessing the dramatic growth of utilizing corpus-based studies in linguistics known as corpus linguistics. The current research aims to study the improvement of frequency techniques in Farsi Language and has been conducted in order to achieve a scientific approach in automatic term extraction focused on extracting basic medicine terms. Using statistical approaches along with corpus linguistic tools (hybrid extraction methods) for automatic term extraction purposes have become quite common in a number of languages such as English, French, Japanese and Korean. So far, these approaches have not been utilized in Farsi language widely and most of the efforts for term extraction have been conducted in traditional ways. On the other hand, these approaches are language specific and it is not possible to use them for a different language. They should be modified based on the properties of the target language in order to achieve an extraction method which is appropriate for that language. To do so, a group of frequency models with approaches to count frequency in a main corpus and a special corpus and their improved methods have been utilized. The frequency method used in this study has counted the terms in a general and a main corpus which is created by the researcher. These corpuses are formed from the texts in science textbooks of Iran highschools (grades 9-12), science textbooks of Iran middle schools (grade 7-8), the science texts taught in Qazvin Imam Khomeini Farsi Language Center and some journals and articles on general science. Achieved results show that there is a potential possibility to extract terms automatically in Farsi. Among the major challenges of utilizing the simple methods we can refer to the process of separating high frequency words such as coordinators or prepositions. Therefore, to increase the power of this model, we improved the basic models by applying some techniques on them. It is observed that the improved frequency method has shown a better performance in the special corpus as opposed to other methods and has been able to predict up to 60% of the special vocabulary in the first 50 high frequency extracted vocabulary. On the other hand, other results of the study show that the presence of low frequency vocabulary in the general corpus with a frequency similar to the frequency of special vocabulary, has led to achieving weaker results than the simple method.

The present study investigated the challenges of transliteration of Persian names to English ones, and the impact of these challenges on the recall of web of science’ s retrieved results. This study is applied in terms of objectives and quantitative (i. e., survey) in terms of data collection procedure. The population included the names of Iranian authors who had published an English article in Web of Science between 2010 and 2017. First of all, 3110873 names were retrieved. It was reduced to 11, 242 after homogenization process. Data was collected through Bibexcel and Excel software and Web of Science database. The findings showed that there were three types of challenges (i. e., vowels, consonants, and omitted or double consonants) in transliteration of Persian names to English ones. They resulted in non-homogenous and different written forms. In addition, the results of Chi-square test showed that the frequency of all forms of the mentioned challenges had a significant effect on the recall of the retrieved results. Considering the importance of retrieving the names in retrieval studies as well as research studies’ evaluation, some solutions such as using Boolean operators and wildcards between the prevailing typographical forms, creating Persian soundex, and equipping the database with the thesaurus are suggested.

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the users satisfaction requirements of Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC) based on Kano model. This study is applied and in terms of type, descriptive-survey of field branch. The statistical population of the study was all full-time faculty members of the universities affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, Islamic Azad University and Payame Noor University. A researcher-made questionnaire based on Kano model was used for data collection. The questionnaire used consisted of 38 pairs of questions, one functional (positive) and one non-functional (negative). Its validity was evaluated and approved by experts. Cronbach’ s alpha test (0. 81) was used to determine reliability. The sample size was 382 persons according to Morgan table and questionnaires were distributed in the framework of available sampling. The data were analyzed according to Kano model evaluation table using Excel and SPSS software. The results showed that out of basic requirements the ranking status with the highest satisfaction factor 0. 52, out of five functional requirements the citation status of the article visited by users in other databases was cited by ISC with the highest co-efficient 0. 60, and out of seven attractive requests information about user’ s favorite publications with the highest satisfaction rate of 0. 74 are at the top.

The purpose of this descriptive research was to identify hot and emerging topics in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Iran and to map the intellectual structure of this field in a ten-year period. The intellectual structure of the field of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Iran was studied by analyzing co-occurrences of keywords and cited references. The research population of this study was all research and review papers of Iranian researchers published in journals indexed by the Web of Science database from 2008 to 2017. The collected data from Web of Science were analyzed by the CiteSpace Software in order to map the intellectual structure of this field. The results showed that the keywords such as gene expression, protein, in vitro, oxidative stress, binding, apoptosis and cell were among the hot research topics in Iran and terms such as chitosan, nanocomposite, antibacterial activity, dynamics molecules, stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells and immobilization have been indicative of the emerging topics in Iranian research in the studied time period. Increasing publications in the field of biochemistry and molecular biology in Iran at the international level and its inclusion in the country’ s research priorities led us to conduct a scientometric study of this research area. Therefore, due to the hot and emerging topics identified in this research, such studies can be used as a road map for the country’ s large-scale scientific planning and policy.