Police Cultural Studies
Year:2021 | Volume:8 | Issue:2 (29)|Papers Count:6

Suicide could be considered as one of the most important social harms of the present century. This social harm is on the way up and is annihilating human capital. According to the fundamental function of human capital in the prosperity and economic development of countries, it is significant to investigate the causes of suicide. In the meantime, economics, along with other sciences, has made efforts to investigate and identify the economic factors affecting suicide. The present study, as one of the studies conducted in this field, tries to study the economic factors affecting the suicide rate in the provinces of Iran in the period 2005-2021 using the econometric models of panel data (generalized torque method). Therefore, in this study, the impact of several economic factors such as economic growth, unemployment rate, inflation rate, income inequality, industrialization, production gap, and urbanization in the area with a period of break in suicide attempts in the provinces of Iran is investigated. Experimental results indicate that most economic variables with a break period have a significant effect on suicide. Thereafter, due to the increase of prosperity and economic growth in the previous period, the suicide rate of the current period is decreased significantly. Whereas, the production gap, unemployment rate, inflation, income inequality, and urbanization in the past period possess a positive relationship with the suicide rate of the current period.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of positive thinking skills training on stress controlling and self-efficacy of Special Units Command of NAJA in Hamedan. The sampling method in this study was random cluster sampling. After selecting the clusters and random sampling, 30 people were selected as the experimental group and 30 people as the control group. The subjects in the experimental group were trained in positive thinking skills for 8 sessions. At the end of the positive thinking skills training course, both experimental and control group were given the post-test. The instruments used in this study contained Scherer and Maddox (1982) Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and Cohen and et al's (1983) Perceived Stress Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and multivariate analysis of covariance statistical test which illustrated that training positive thinking skills had a significant and positive effect on perceived stress and self-efficacy in the experimental group (p >0. 0005).

Road accidents are one of the main causes of death and conflict in Iran, and the police have a fundamental role to play in dealing with these road accidents. The time it takes for the police to arrive at the scene is effective in reducing happless incidents. The purpose of this paper is to investigate police time management after road accidents in Hamedan province. For this purpose, information related to road accidents in Hamadan province in the period from April of 2018 to April of 2020 has been examined. After reviewing the data of this study, it was finally found that the average time for the police to respond to road accidents is 30 minutes, and this time is more than the average time when medical emergencies arrive at the scene.

The issue of freedom is one of the most important issues in the field of human rights, civil rights, and democratic governments. The freedom right of assembly and peaceful demonstration is one of the most fundamental issues of individual rights exercised collectively and one of the most important manifestations of democratic societies. This important issue has its fundamental roots in the international law. The right to freedom of peaceful assembly is, in fact, the right of people to express their views and attitudes towards various problems to the authorities and other members of the society. The aim of this paper is to examine the limits and scopes of civil protest from the perspective of the laws of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The present study is structured in a descriptive-analytical manner. According to the results of this study, in accordance with Article 27 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, peaceful protests have been declared free, based on two conditions: 1-not having weapons and 2-not violating the principles of Islam; this right has been recognized officialy. The government is obliged to ensure the security of these protests observing these two conditions. In addition, the passing of any laws and regulations that add other conditions to these two conditions stipulated in the constitution is explicitly against the constitution, and the Guardian Council, as the guardian institution and interpreter of the constitution, annuls them in some cases.

What is a risk factor for security and one of the significant threats in this category is the prevalence of social harms in society. In the present paper, the importance, role and impact of social security as an important sociological category on social harms, which is one of the important components of deviance and crime, has been studied. The aims of the present article, while examining the conceptual literature of sociology of security and social harms, are to analyze and critique these two components and to express the inverse relationship between them as the dialectical relationship. The research method is written by reviewing study texts and collecting materials. In some books and articles, Hirsch's social control and Agnio's social pressure have been carried out using a theoretical model designed by researchers and sociological theories. After analyzing and explaining the concepts of social security and social harms based on sociological perspectives, conceptual literature and using the theoretical model, it was concluded that there is an inverse relationship between the two titles.

Today, due to the expansion of computer systems and networks in all areas of infrastructure, communication, and information with the existence of some properties such as unlimited geographical boundaries and pervasive use, easy and fast services using up-to-date technology and information have come true. On the other hand, in line with this fast progress, the crime has been appearing from the real environment to cyberspace. The spread of crime, cyber-attacks, and destructive activities are observed in this space every day. Observing the traces of these cases using all tools causes the collection of detection equipment, operational and passive countermeasures, cyber operations, electronic warfare, and etc. in the ground, sea, and air base way to be integrated in a basic structure for specific purposes. These purposes are diverse and in addition to speed and acceleration and freedom of action in space, land, and sea, they also have their own tricks and deceptions in cyberspace, social networks, and psychological operations. Commanding and controlling soft power in the armed forces in the form of a unique and extensive network are able to achieve these purposes only through unity, effort, coordination, common language, the establishment of interactions, and exchanges of information and operations with other states and military organizations. Comprehensive, united and unified network in a coherent structure is one of the characteristics of this network. Its distinctive feature is the collection of information and news, its processing and coordination, adaptation and integration of information, as well as the dissemination of the news and information to all command centers and soft power control required in terms of authorized access to the information. In this research, a new model of soft power commanding and controling for the armed forces is provided.