Payavard Salamat
Year:2021 | Volume:14 | Issue:6|Papers Count:8

Background and Aim: Lactobacillus is the most important genus of lactic acid bacteria and the use of some species of lactobacillus with the probiotic potential can be effective for inhibition of the growth of some pathogens and control of gastrointestinal diseases and cancers. In this study, the pro-apoptotic and antimicrobial effect of Lactobacillus sakei on human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line and some gastrointestinal pathogenic species was examined. Materials and Methods: In this study, the antimicrobial activity of metabolites of Lactobacillus sakei was assessed by Well Diffusion Agar(WDA) method against some gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria. HT-29 colorectal adenocarcinoma cancer cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% bovine serum. The cells were treated in 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/ml concentrations of sakei metabolites and incubated at 24 and 48 hours. Apoptosis was analyzed by Annexin V-FITC/PI kit according to the manufacturers protocol in both incubation times. For error reduction, each test was performed in triplicate Results: The results of this study indicate that sakei was able to produce antimicrobial metabolites against gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria. Also, the results of the Annexin test showed that with increasing concentration of sakei metabolites in dose dependent manner, induction of apoptosis in this cell line increases(p>0. 05). Conclusion: It seems that there is a good research field for the use of bioactive compounds produced by Lactobacillus sakei in the control of gastrointestinal pathogenic bacteria and treatment of human colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Background and Aim: In order to improve patient safety, countries are seeking to monitor the safety of health systems and since surgical safety is an important part of patient safety, this study aimed to determine performance of Operating Room Personnel regarding the observance of surgical safety principles. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on operating rooms of hospitals of Mazandaran university of medical sciences in 2019. Research population included 271 personnel of operating room selected via stratified random sampling. Data were collected using demographic characteristics questionnaire and Surgical Safety Checklist of the World Health Organization. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results: The mean scores of performance of surgical technologists in the circulating and scrub roles and anesthesia technologists regarding the observance of surgical safety principles, were 23. 2± 3. 1, 18. 4± 3 and 28. 2± 3. 5 respectively. The performance level of all three specialties was moderate. Findings showed that there was a significant difference between performance score with educational level. The mean score of performance was significantly higher in the technologists with bachelor’ s degree as compared to the technologists with associate degree (p>0. 05). Conclusion: Considering that the performance of the participants of the study regarding the observance of surgical safety principles, it was not at a desirable level, thus it is recommended to encourage operating room personnel to upgrade their education and to continue monitoring the performance of them regarding the observance of surgical safety principles.

Background and Aim: Sepsis is the most important disease in the first 28 days of life and one of the main causes of infant mortality in the intensive care unit. Its definitive diagnosis is possible by performing blood culture. Neonatal sepsis can be a clinical sign of nosocomial infections that are often resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create and evaluate a hospital sepsis prediction model and present its results to health care providers. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-applied study, the research population includes neonates admitted to the intensive care unit of Valiasr Hospital in Tehran and the research sample is the data of 4196 neonates admitted to this ward from 2016 to August, 2020. The initial features for creating a predictive model of sepsis were prepared by examining the relevant information sources and under the supervision of professors and officials of Valiasr Hospital's mother and fetus research center and its validity was confirmed by 5 neonatal professors of this hospital. In this research, machine learning algorithms have been used to create a sepsis prediction model. Results: Accuracy and AUROC(area under the ROC curve) parameters were used to evaluate the generated models. The highest values of Accuracy and AUROC are related to Adaptive Boosting and random forest algorithms, respectively. Conclusion: Learning curves show that using different training examples and more complex selection of combination features improves the performance of the models. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of machine learning models in a trial.

Background and Aim: Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a progressive disease of the central nervous system, of which the symptoms and problems reduce the quality of life. Recent research has identified sport exercises as an important part of healthy lifestyle in reducing the symptoms of the disease and improving the quality of life; however, the most effective type of exercise is not yet clearly known. The aim of this study was to provide information about the beneficial effects of exercise in MS patients and guidelines for prescribing exercise programs for them. Materials and Methods: This article is an overview of the ways different sport exercises affect MS. To access scientific articles, databases of PubMed, SID, Google Scholar, and Mag Iran, and the keywords including multiple sclerosis(MS), aerobic training, resistance training, and combined training were used. Results: Recent reports show that different types of sport exercises lead to a significant increase in the improvement of MS symptoms, although there are many discrepancies between researchers in prescribing different exercise programs (various training protocol, duration, and intensity). However, according to the results of studies, regular moderate-intensity exercise training leads to the functional benefits and improvement and control of the disease process without exacerbation of inflammation through various physiological mechanisms. thus, contrary to popular belief, modulated exercise training can have beneficial effects on MS patient. Conclusion: Based on the findings of the present study, regular exercises (aerobic, resistance and combination) with moderate intensity improve the symptoms of MS and increase the quality of life.

Background and Aim: Health tourism is one of the most important tourism types in Iran. Iran has many strengths in health tourism. Also, there are challenges such as communication and information inconsistency in the health tourism industry and the outbreak of COVID-19 disease. Due to the unknown issues about COVID-19, it is important to determine effective strategies to control the consequences and reduce the economic and social effects of the virus in all industries, especially the health tourism industry. Materials and Methods: In this systematic review study, 500 published papers from 2018 to 2020 were evaluated. In the group interview section, we used the views of participated health tourism experts in the scientific events in Iran, Turkey, and Oman. Also, the SWOC Analysis model(strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges) and MAXQDA software were applied. Results: The results showed that the selected strategies were defensive and competitive. This research showed that the strengths of the health tourism industry overcome the weaknesses and development opportunities outweigh the challenges. Also, the maintenance strategy is the best strategy to support health tourism in the current situation in Iran. Conclusion: It is necessary to be following issues for the politicians of Iran's health tourism industry to design a comprehensive document of Iran Health Tourism Diplomacy, preparation of a strategic plan for the development of health tourism, establish an independent organization of Iran Health Tourism, develop electronic health in the health tourism industry, design a health tourism insurance system, and… , with the aim of entrance to the current markets and creating new foreign markets.

Background and Aim: Medical diagnostic laboratories are among the most important centers in the treatment cycle of patients. Today, the conscious choice of such laboratories is one of the challenges that patients face in the treatment process. This study was conducted with the aim of improving the knowledge of software users in the field of laboratory sciences and also facilitating the conscious and intelligent selection of the laboratory required by users. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive-developmental research with an applied approach. The steps consisted of library studies, questionnaire-based needs assessment, collection of knowledge and identity data, design through drawing UML diagrams, implementation using Java programming language, and software evaluation. Results: A comprehensive system of laboratory information and experiments can be performed in all laboratories in Tehran, based on factors such as location access, types of laboratories and types of tests, a system was designed that allows users to access the most appropriate laboratory centers with high speed and less mobility, sufficient information, and in accordance with their needs. The evaluation was done using a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability were confirmed. The target population consisted of eleven specialists and forty ordinary users. According to the Likert criterion, the results obtained from the answers of all participants in the study to the questions of the questionnaire were higher than 4. 05. Conclusion: The software showed that the factors that had priority in the need assessment significantly increased user satisfaction and also provided ease of use of laboratory services in accordance with users' needs.

Background and Aim: In this study, in order to increase the visibility of articles in Scopus journals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), selective dissemination of information (SDI) service was presented and its impact on some citation indices was investigated. Materials and Methods: This is a semi-experimental study of two groups (pretest-posttest design with a control group). In this study, TUMS Scopus indexed journals (20 titles) were randomly divided into test and control groups and their citation indices were assessed. Then, the SDI services for test group journals were designed based on PubMed's Alert system and presented to the university's top researchers for one year. Finally, the citation indices of the journals of test and control groups were reassessed and compared. For data analysis, independent t-test, paired t-test and, covariance analysis were used. Results: Comparison of mean citations as well as SJR, SNIP and CiteScore indices before and after the intervention showed no significant difference between the test and control groups. But the average CiteScore in both groups after the intervention was significantly higher than the average before the intervention. Conclusion: The results showed that the provision of the aformentioned services in the time period defined in this study had no significant effect on the citation indices. However, the valuable experiences gained in this study will undoubtedly be applicable to future research as well as services to researchers, librarians, and journal managers.

Background and Aim: Electronic prescription systems can improve patient safety and the quality of health care services. These systems must provide the capabilities required to reduce medical errors and improve the performance of health care providers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the capabilities of electronic prescription(e-prescription) system from the perspective of physicians in polyclinics of the Social Security Organization(SSO) of Urmia. Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2020. The population consisted of 82 physicians working in 3 polyclinics of Urmia Social Security Organization, which was determined by census. The instrument used in this study was a self-designed questionnaire the validity of which was determined based on the opinions of experts and its reliability was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. Results: In the section of documentation and access to information, the results showed that the highest scores were related to the possibility of drug registration(4. 58) and the request for registration of instructions related to testing and radiology(4. 44). In terms of decision support capabilities, the highest scores for providing warnings were related to drug interactions(4. 18) and controlling the amount of medication prescribed for chronic patients(3. 83), and in the field of technical capabilities, the highest scores were related to the ease of using the system(3. 87) and the appropriate user interface(3. 66). Conclusion: The e-prescription system studied in this survey has gained fewer scores in some capabilities such as access to pharmaceutical information based on reliable sources, offering treatment options based on original diagnosis as well as system customization. Therefore, the system developer must improve its capabilities through communicating properly with users and fully understanding their real needs.