JOURNAL OF THE MARCO AND STRATEGIC POLICIES
Year:2021 | Volume:9 | Issue:1 (33)|Papers Count:9

There has been an increasing interest since 1990 in public-private partnership for developing services and public infrastructures. In this period, the private sector and the market-based criteria have been put into practice to provide governmental goods and services. This partnership has also been evident in the area of health and treatment. The proponents have suggested several advantages for this partnership, while the opponents of the partnership believe that it costs a fortune. Thus, one needs to conjecture how this partnership can be productive in the health field in a developing country despite its costs. After reviewing the theoretical principles related to the modern government, the aims, factors and challenges for its success in the developing countries are analyzed. Then, the study addresses the arguments raised by the proponents and opponents of the issue related to the partnership policy in a number of countries, and then suggests a well-thought framework for putting this strategy into practice so that a satisfactory outcome could be resulted. This framework follows the principles of practicality, representativeness, and justice in public services and it is in line with the general policies of the health system.

Considering the general population policies of the Islamic Republic of Iran on life expectancy, health, and disease prevention, this study aims to investigate the pattern of illness and fatality rate in different geographical areas of Iran. It analyzes the climate of 31 provinces in Iran and studies five types of diseases with the highest fatality rate. The findings can sketch out a fatality map to guide policy makers for the prevention and control of diseases. The research method is descriptive-analytical primarily, and cross-sectional secondarily. There are two types of data: causes of death extracted from National Organization of Civil Registration, and demographic and climate data from the National Statistics of Iran from 2006 to 2016. The data were fed into Excel and GIS programs for analysis. The findings show that the first five causes of death in Iran are: cardiovascular (54%), unknown symptoms (17%), cancers (14%), respiratory (11%), and infectious-parasitic (4%) which indicate 70% of the current fatalities. In the past 10 years, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and respiratory illnesses have increased 3. 3, 2. 3, and 1. 05 percent, respectively, and the diseases with unknown symptoms and infectious-parasitic diseases have decreased 6. 8 and 2. 02 percent, respectively. Also, the study showed that there is a sinuous pattern applicable to fatality in difference seasons, peaking particularly in autumn and winter (November, December, and January).

In contemporary era, business development policy is one of the most important forces affecting the modern world. Moreover, globalization has resulted in increased welfare and more job opportunities. The current study aims to investigate the effective factors in developing new businesses at the international level and global experiences. It employs mixed-method. The findings show that Islamic Azad University requires a particular organizational structure to have effective micro and macro policies, meaning that it has to fine-tune and structuralize its organizational culture. Also, the findings indicate that the aims of the university as an organization to develop entrepreneurship policies could be categorized into four groups: structural, practical, developmental, and content-based. According to the findings of the study, developing the entrepreneurship policies in Islamic Azad University requires multi-faceted and organized measures in relation to entrepreneurship, international relations, cultural innovation, educational planning, and even individual levels. The Goodness of Fit test for the business development policy model is 0. 694 which is a partially significant level. Therefore, the model is acceptable.

One of the key aspects of general population policy is encouraging marriage, because marriage is a turning point in any human’ s life which begins a new chapter of the man and woman’ s life through legal, religious, social, and emotional commitment. It is the starting point for the oldest social units of humanity. Some crucial issues such as the decline of marriage and birth rates, and the increasing rate of elderlies have resulted in qualitative and quantitative problems for the general population. As economic situation is one of the most effective factors in marriage, the negligence of which discourages marriage and reduces fertility, the current paper (conducted in 2019) tries to find the relationship between economy and the increasing age of marriage. The research method is field study using survey and questionnaire. The population included all the male single individuals between 24 to 35 years old in Boroujerd. The sampling method was multi-staged random clustering resulting in 257 participants. The findings show a positive relationship between the economic factors and the increasing age of marriage, concluding that as the economic situation of young people, as a requirement for marriage, gets better, young people are much more encouraged to get married.

In many countries around the world, governments follow policies and supportive strategies in order to control the economic, social, and cultural issues such as reducing poverty and injustice, increasing economic situation, and pursuing developmental plans. Iran, as a developing country, needs supportive plans for its development, which actually is noted in the third, twenty ninth, and forty third principles of constitution aiming to reduce poverty and establish economic independence. Moreover, factors of resistance economy for encouraging production and employment, economic prosperity and welfare, and democratizing economy are noted as well. Subsidy is one of the tools and supportive strategies to improve public earning and welfare. Subsidy can have an effective role in wealth distribution. If the economic situation improves, it can increase public trust and satisfaction in the government, thus having a positive impact on the social capital. Considering the significance of social capital and other related factors, this study tries to investigate the effect of supportive policies on social capital from 1996 to 2017. The data analysis is done through autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL). The results show that there is a positive relationship between the government’ s support and expenditure in health, housing, and subsidy with social capital. There is, however, a negative relationship between government’ s support in social security and education with social capital.

Considering the current economic situation in Iran, domestic production can reduce import and consequently increase employment rate. High quality products have always been important for consumers as a main factor for purchasing Iranian products. One of the key factors of quality is labor force in workshops. Workers are employed in the workshops through a contract, thus, the type and the terms of contract can affect their job satisfaction and quality of work, and consequently the quality of product. This study aims to investigate the role of workers and their terms of contract on the quality of products in the workshops. The population was all the large industrial workshops of Khorasan Razavi province, sampling 163 workshops The data are extracted using questionnaire, and then analyzed through generalized order logit model. The findings show that the individual characteristics variables such as education, marital status, age, work experience, working hours, and income have a positive relationship with contract-related variables such as rewards and meal, and effective indexes of product quality such as policies for work-life balance and workshop management.

In preparing the macro-policies of the judiciary, it is imperative to consider the macro-policies of the state in order to have a horizontal alignment with all the policies of the country. Accordingly, the current study aims to investigate the implications of macro-policies of the state in the macro-policies of the judiciary. Therefore, first, all the 15 macro-policies of the state from 2010 to 2016 are analyzed, and then the implications of each in the judiciary sector are investigated. Putting aside the repetitive implications, the findings were categorized into 13 statements. As the judiciary sector has a preventive approach, some of these statements were related to education in public, legal, and judiciary issues (improving culture and legal knowledge for the society), improving the judiciary indexes, improving business environment, and entrepreneurship, taking social issues into consideration.

Social capital has recently been noted as a main reason for economic development in every society. World Bank has termed social capital as ‘ the invisible wealth of a country’ , encapsulating all the institutions, relationships, and values which form social relationships. Analyzing the significant effect of social capital on economic development is fundamental in economic decisions. To this end, the current paper takes some variables of social capital, namely, good governance, corruption index, access to internet, and women’ s contribution in labor market to be compared among the countries with high social capital and those with low social capital from 1998 to 2014. The findings indicate that the countries with high social capital, indexes of good governance, access to internet, education registration rate, and women’ s contribution rate in the labor market have a direct significant effect on economic development; however, the corruption index has a negative effect in this regard. In countries with low social capital, the corruption index has a negative significant effect on economic development. Indexes of good governance and women’ s contribution rate are not significant for countries with low social capital. On the other hand, access to internet has a negative effect on economic development in countries with low social capital, while the effect of education registration has a significant positive effect.