Journal of Diabetes Nursing
Year:2019 | Volume:7 | Issue:3|Papers Count:6

Introduction: Adherence of type II diabetic patients to treatment is very important in preventing the complications of this disease. Furthermore, a motivational interview is an intervention considered to change health behaviors. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the impact of the motivational interview based on self-care on the treatment adherence of type II diabetic patients hospitalized in Nabi Akram hospital in Zahedan, Iran, in 2018. Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 40 diabetic patients were selected and randomly divided into intervention (n=20) and control (n=20) groups. Data collection tools for this study were demographic questionnaire and adherence questionnaire in patients with chronic diseases. The intervention group received four sessions of individual self-care motivational interview training. Moreover, the control group received similar training content during four sessions in the usual face-to-face manner without applying the principles of motivational interview. Adherence was measured in both groups 8 weeks after the termination of intervention. Then, the collected data were analyzed by the independent t-test and analysis of covariance using SPSS software (23). Results: After the intervention, the mean adherence score of diabetic patients in the intervention group (150/57) was significantly higher than the mean score of the control group (141/27) (P<. 001). Conclusion: Motivational interview training based on self-care has positive impact on the adherence of type II diabetic patients to treatment. Therefore, the nurses are suggested to apply the principles of motivational interview while training these patients.

Introduction: Metabolic control is a collection of tests and studies related to diabetes performed on a daily basis for 2 to 3 months. Self-efficacy means the belief of an individual in him/herself to successfully perform a particular behavior and expect the associated results. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between metabolic control and selfefficacy in diabetic patients in Qom, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total 325 patients with type II diabetes who referred to Diabetic Community in Qom through simple random sampling. Demographic information and standard self-efficacy in diabetic management questionnaires were used in this study. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) data sheet was used based on the last 3-month test results. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 20) using descriptive indices and analytical tests. Results: The obtained results of this study showed that there was a significant reverse correlation between the mean score of self-efficacy with the mean scores of FBS and HbA1c. There was also a significant difference in self-efficacy scores in terms of gender (P<0. 05). According to the results, self-efficacy showed predictive power of FBS and HbA1C reported as 22% and 18%, respectively. Conclusion: The obtained results of this study showed that self-efficacy was at a moderate level among the patients. The levels of FBS and HbA1c did not indicate the optimal control of diabetes. It should be noted that there was a significant reverse correlation between self-efficacy with FBS and HbA1c, indicating that FBS and HbA1c levels decrease with the increase of self-efficacy score.

Introduction: Diabetes is one of the most prevalent and costly chronic diseases that imposes many limitations to the activities of the patient. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction training on the quality of sleep and psychological distress in patients with type II diabetes Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group. In total, 30 patients with type II diabetes were selected randomly using a convenience sampling method and assigned to experimental and control groups in Dezful, Iran. Both groups were evaluated at pretest using the Petersburg Quality of Life Scale (1989) and the psychological distress questionnaire (Leobond and Leobond, 1995). In addition, the experimental group participated in 8 sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction training. Subsequently, both groups were evaluated at posttest. Analysis of covariance and multivariate analysis of covariance were utilized to compare the results at posttest. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the two groups regarding the mean scores of pretest and posttest (P<0. 001). Conclusion: Mindfulness-based stress reduction training has positive effects on the quality of sleep, anxiety, depression, and stress in people with type II diabetes.

Introduction: Nowadays, the high prevalence of diabetes among reproductive-aged women is one of the serious problems policymakers face. The current study was designed to explain the reproductive health concerns of women with type I diabetes and make effective interventions based on their reproductive health concerns. Materials and Methods: The present study was a multistage mixed methods study which was conducted in three stages. In the first stage, through a qualitative study, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted on 17 women with Type I diabetes and 4 husbands. The data gathered in this stage were analyzed by the content analysis approach using Graneheim and Lundman method. Thereafter, in the second stage of the study, a meeting was held with six interested and experienced health professionals in various health care settings, Women’ s concerns were prioritized in a nominal way according to the themes found in the qualitative part of the study. Thereafter, in relation to the proposed priority, an overview of the literature was made and an appropriate intervention was designed. In the third stage, a randomized clinical trial was conducted on 32 women with Type 1 diabetes (16 women in the intervention group and 16 in the control group) to determine the impact of couple counseling. Results: In the first stage, the content analysis of the qualitative data aiming at explaining the reproductive health concerns of women with Type I diabetes led to the formation of six main themes. They included physical, psychological, social, fertility, marital life and supportive and informational dimension. In the second stage, based on consensus, sexual concerns were identified as the most important concern for designing an intervention. By reviewing the related interventions and programs in Iran and other countries, a couples counseling intervention was proposed which was based on BETTER Model. It was designed in at least four sessions, including three stages of pre-test, post-test, and 2-month follow-up, to improve sexual function and satisfaction in women with diabetes. In the third stage, the results of a randomized clinical trial indicated a statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups regarding the means of female sexual function index (P<0. 001). However, no significant difference was observed between the mean of female sexual satisfaction scale among the women in the intervention group, as compared to the control group (P=0. 09). Conclusion: As evidenced by the obtained results, the reproductive health concerns in women with Type 1 diabetes fall into five domains. In the sexual domain, couples counseling, which was based on BETTER model, significantly increased the sexual function of women with Type I diabetes.

Introduction: Diabetes is known as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by high levels of glucose due to varying degrees of insulin resistance or insulin secretion. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type of diabetes, which accounts for 90% of the cases and the prevalence is increasing. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is among the novel and effective approaches for treating psychological disorders due to distinct diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the fundamental concepts of ACT on the diabetic patients and reduction of the tensions posed on these people. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental pretest posttest study with control group was performed on the statistical sample including 24 women with type II diabetes mellitus in Khaf, Iran. The subjects were selected by convenience sampling method and were randomly assigned to the two groups of experiment (N=12) and control (N=12). Data collection was completed using emotion regulation questionnaire. The validity of the test was also confirmed. The training plan entailed ACT as eight 90-min sessions. Results: According to the findings of this study, training based on admission and commitment was influential in controlling emotions, namely aggression, depression, anxiety, and positive emotion in patients with type II diabetes (P < 0. 001). Conclusion: Overall, the findings of the present study showed that emotional control training could pose effect through ACT for type 2 diabetic patients. Accordingly, it can be concluded that learning emotional control and management is important in augmenting self-awareness and healthy relationships. On the other hand, these trainings reduce negative emotions, such as aggression and depression, as well as the effect of these disorders on physical, psychological, and emotional health.

Introduction: Gestational diabetes is a common disease during pregnancy which has many effects on the health of the neonates. This study aimed to evaluate the complications affecting newborns of diabetic mothers. Materials and Methods: The present study is an integrated review of available evidence and information based on published articles available in domestic and foreign electronic journals, selected from databases, such as SID, MAGIRAN, IRANMEDEX, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, and CINHAL. The search was carried out using keywords, including "Gestational diabetes mellitus", "Complications", "Neonates", and similar words. In total, 274 articles were found, out of which 232 studies were excluded, and finally, 42 Persian and Latin articles were examined in this study. Results: The most significant complications affecting newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes include macrosomia, respiratory distress, congenital anomalies, and disorder in their Apgar scores. Conclusion: According to the results, it is recommended that all mothers with gestational diabetes be undergone periodic blood glucose monitoring and fetal examinations during pregnancy and be provided with special care at follow-ups and evaluation of the health of the child after birth.