JOURNAL OF GREATE KHORASAN
Year:2020 | Volume:10 | Issue:38|Papers Count:6

Throughout the history, the architecture of mosques in Iran is one of the most important means of mental restoration, and due to the spiritual status and importance of these places, they have received a great interest for their relaxing atmosphere that manifests mystical beliefs. However, in the current time, in the field of mosque construction, attention to the issues of mental restoration and tranquility seem to be neglected due to the lack of sufficient knowledge and payment in strategic research. Accordingly, the main purpose of the present study is to analyze the spatial experience of mosques in restoring the spirituality of its audience in line with the need to reproduce the spatial quality of historic mosques in modern mosques. In this regard, a qualitative research approach based on logical reasoning research methodology was employed and three experimental, analytical and metaphysical theorems were proposed as the research strategy in the case of Goharshad Mosque in Mashhad. Finally, the results indicated that the quality of spatial experience and variation of physical element in every inch of Goharshad is based on the view of tranquility that leads to pilgrims’ mental restoration. In the analysis of the building, relying on the understanding of mental restoration through spatial experience, being in the mosque space and inhaling the air along with the pleasant smell of wind and wind in harmony with sensory perceptions of the outside space of the mosque represent an indescribable world. In order to improve the understanding of this indescribable world, proportions, forms, materials, moving from earth to sky, both inside and outside, must be understood.

Abstract Rapid and widespread changes in social and economic dimensions have pressured urban life and made it more fluid than in the past. Therefore, today designers and managers have been considering the flexibility to increase the responsiveness of urban spaces. Mashhad, meanwhile, has a large number of tourists and pilgrims every year. This brings about changes in the needs and expectations of urban spaces, so urban spaces need to be flexible. Failure to identify and analyze the impact of each component of urban space on the realization of this quality has led to ineffective solutions in designing urban spaces. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the flexibility of urban spaces in Mashhad and identify the contribution of each of the factors of urban space to the realization of flexibility. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on this, flexibility indicates were first identified and their operational definition was accomplished. Then, sample urban areas were selected and the required information was collected through a survey method. In the next step, prioritizing the selected urban spaces by using the method of Factor Score and calculating the factor weight. According to the results of the first phase, Imamat Street is rated as "the most flexible urban space, " and Shirazi Street is "poorly" in terms of flexibility. Supplementary results show that in terms of flexibility quality, the physical factor with 6. 8 score has the most influence. The functional and accessibility factors with 3. 5 and 0. 98 score are in the next ranks.

Abstract The way of thinking about the world, and social, cultural and political conditions had shaped the urban structure and identity of Iranian cities. The structure of cities has been incredibly changed during history; therefore, analysis of the spatial structure of the city and identification of identity elements are crucial. Torshiz (Kashmar), dating back to the 2000s with history of the residence of People of the Parthian Empire, was a city with vicissitude history, found different physical form consciously or unconsciously. The purpose of this article is to investigate the structural and identity changes of Kashmar from the Zoroaster era to date, and identify the city elements important in the urban structure. This research has historical content based on with descriptive-analytical and interpretive research method. The general approach is based on the analysis and study of the impact of historical events on the spatial structure and elements. The results are the identification of the main and secondary structure of the city and emphasizing the city center as an integral combination of master mosque, bazaar, seminary, caravanserai and commercially active edges, and it is proposed to preserve and redevelop them to promote identity in the new developments of Kashmar.

Abstract Given that there are significant developments in the field of urbanization today, especially its preparation and security, therefore, future research and having a vision for the future in policy making can be useful strategies and ultimately increase the likelihood of a desirable future. The purpose of this study is to investigate the future security and safety consequences of population and migration to cities of North, Razavi and South Khorasan provinces. The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. The method of data collection is also documentary and field. The trend analysis of foresight has been used for future research on migration developments. In this regard, at first the factors affecting urban planning and security in these provinces were identified and then scenario building was done. The results show that the distribution of variables affecting urban planning and security in Khorasan Razavi, North and South Khorasan provinces is highly unstable. Also 32 key factors and 7 factors affecting urban planning and security in Khorasan provinces are considered by experts and ratings in micmac software. Using Scenario Wizard software, 3 robust or probable scenarios, 8 high compatibility scenarios and 187 weak scenarios were extracted. Of the 3 and 8 scenarios, only the three scenarios that are more powerful than the other scenarios show the state of preparedness and urban security in the coming years. .

In the years following the independence of the Central Asian countries, there was an opportunity for researchers to draw on their expertise in historical, economic, and social studies of these societies. Although the ancient city of Merv (in Turkmenistan) has been largely researched by historians and archaeological institutes, the recognition of the nature of the city's transformation during various historical periods and the role of the inward and outward forces in this transformation have received little attention. have been. The research method is descriptive-analytical and the required data were obtained through documentary-library method and refilling of the latest UAV images. The results show that the city was one of the Achaemenid states in the first millennium BC and has developed many physical names in various historical periods and received many names. In the formation of this city, the Maragab River Delta has played an important role in providing fertile water and soil. Influential external forces, including the expedition and establishment of the Achaemenid empires, Alexander the Great and his successors, the entry of Islam into the area, and the Mongol invasion all contributed to the boom or stagnation of one of the four major cities of Khorasan during the Islamic era. Crossing the Silk Road has added to its commercial importance. Merv was the center of the Abbasid caliphate in the east and the seat of the Seljuk government. The city's population during the boom times had reached 200, 000. After the Mongol invasion, the city was completely destroyed and never returned to its glory.

Abstract One of the most important tools for urban policy analysis is the theory of urban regimes, which, based on the nature of the ruling coalition, the structure of relations between actors and their resources, deals with the role of the private & public sectors and government in the concepts of growth coalition, urban regime and urban growth machine. Isar neighborhood as a participatory model, during the last decade has been able to experience a significant development, external from decline and significant improvement with a special development strategy. Accordingly, the fundamental question is why, how and on what model the coalition of groups with different interests in the Isar neighborhood was formed? The present study deals with the role and composition of stakeholders in upgrading declining urban neighborhoods by relying on the regime and urban growth machine models. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of type and causal after occurrence in terms of method. Field surveying data is processed with SPSS, Excel and Arc GIS softwares. Spatial regression model has been used in identifying factors and factor analysis techniques has been used to extract hidden data structures, the contribution of each component in factors and naming factors. Finally, by examining the role of different coalition actors, the type of neighborhood regime was identified. According to studies, the process of upgrading the neighborhood since the 2000s has been based on the model of urban growth machine and relying on the entrepreneurship of production-commercial elites. In this regard, the study of the coefficient of factor analysis shows that the year of establishment (0. 561), the type of property occupation (0. 396) and having a production workshop (0. 311) were the most influential factors. The municipality has also played a role as one of the actors in the urban regime by controlling the issuance of commercial licenses. The role of private sector economic elites, along with city managers and the government, is the subject of this study and the development strategy of Isar neighborhood can be modeled on other unsettled neighborhoods.