JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN MEDICAL SCHOOL (I.U.M.S)
Year:2014 | Volume:31 | Issue:268|Papers Count:5

Background: Anemia is one of the most popular hygiene problems in the world which is accompanied by disturbance of growth and development, reduction of intelligence quotient, and education problems specially for children and teens. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of anemia in students and to indentify the stricken and endangered people in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, through students examination program, all of the first grade students in three school levels in all over the country were examined in aspect of different disturbances including anemia. Clinical signs of anemia in physical examination were considered as evidence of being anemic. Data collecting was done using registered information in students' health identity document (ID) cards.Findings: The prevalence of anemia was 4.5% for students, 5.5% for girls, 3.5% for boys, 4.6% in urban areas, and 4.1% in rural areas. Prevalence of anemia for the first grade students of primary, secondary, and high school was 4.8%, 4.5%, and 4.1%, respectively.Conclusion: Prevalence of anemia in students, especially in first grade of primary school, is worrying; this shows the importance of exact recognition and identification of endangered persons with widespread, steady and high-sensitive screening programs. Planning and performing suitable programs for prevention and treatment of disease in society and schools is essential, too.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system in which primary symptoms emerges in adults between the ages of 20 and 40 years. The prevalence of cognitive impairments in patients with MS is 45-65%, depending on the sensitivity and accuracy of neuropsychological measures. During recent past years, dominant approach to screening of cognitive impairments in patients with MS was to develop brief neuropsychological test collections. In this study, Clock Drawing Test was used for screening of cognitive impairments in patients with relapsingremitting MS.Methods: In this case-control research done in Isfahan MS association, Iran, 49 women with relapsing remitting MS and 43 age-, education- and intelligence quotient (IQ) -matched women without MS were selected by purposeful sampling. Both groups were tested using Clock Drawing Test.Findings: The multivariate variance analysis (MANOVA) test indicated meaningful difference between patients and controls in both clock (1: 45) free-drawn task and clock (3: 00) simple copying task (P<0.001). In addition, patients had shown more errors in clock drawing, placing numbers and handles, and in showing the asked time. The test had 92% of sensitivity and 89% of specificity.Conclusion: According to the study results, patients with MS have more error in clock drawing which probably is because of clock drawing sensitivity in cognitive impairment screening. Thus, it can be used to screen cognitive impairments in patients with MS.

Background: Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are undifferentiated cells with special capabilities on the self-renewing and differentiation. Proliferation of SSCs is a primary requirement for the study of their characteristics and function in vitro. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) on the colonization activity of ovine SSCs in a short-term in-vitro co-culture with sertoli cells.Methods: Both sertoli and spermatogonial cells were isolated from 2-3 months old lamb testes by two-steps enzymatic digestion. Afterward, isolated cells were cultured in four groups with different concentrations of FSH (0, 5, 10 and 15 IU/ml, respectively) for 10 days. Colony assay (number and surface area) was evaluated 4, 7 and 10 days after the beginning of the culture by light microscope.Findings: At the day 4, colony surfaces of groups 1 and 2 were significantly more than groups 3 and 4 (P<0.05). At the days 7 and 10, colony surfaces of groups 1 and 2 were significantly more than group 4 (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results showed that treated groups with 10 and 15 IU/ml of FSH significantly decreased colony surface of ovine SSCs in comparison with co-culture system.

Background: Ampeloprasum is traditionally used for gastrointestinal disorders. In this experimental study, the effect of ethanolic extract of Allium ampeloprasum was investigated on the rat ileum contractions. The mechanisms were also evaluated.Methods: In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly designated into six equal groups, including control and cumulative concentrations of Allium ampeloprasum, propranolol, naloxone, L-name, and CaCl2. In the day of the experiment, the ileum was dissected and its contractions were recorded in Tyrode solution in an organ bath. To evaluate the mechanisms involved, propranolol, naloxone, or L-name was incubated and the percent of changes in contractions were recorded.Findings: The extract of Allium ampeloprasum dose-dependently reduced the contractions induced by KCl (60 mM) (P<0.0001); propranolol reversed this effect (P<0.0010), but L-name and naloxone were not effective. CaCl2 increased the contractions (P<0.0010) and the extract reversed this effect.Conclusion: Allium ampeloprasum leaves can affect the ileum contractions through beta adrenoreceptors and voltage-dependent calcium channels and might be used in gastrointestinal disorders.

Background: Hyperreactio Luteinalis (HL) is a rare condition during spontaneous pregnancy characterized by bilaterally, or in rare cases, unilaterally enlarged ovaries containing multiple self-limited theca lutein cysts, usually associated with high maternal serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) and hyperandrogenic state. Most of the patients require surgical intervention during their pregnancy because of ovarian torsion, preeclampsia, syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzyme levels, and low platelet levels (HELLP), or to rule out ovarian malignancy. However, we can avoid unnecessary surgical intervention with accurate diagnosis of HL by means of laboratory tests and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Case Report: A 27-year-old pregnant woman with gestational age of 27 weeks was admitted with labor pain and complicated with HELLP syndrome. In ultrasonography, bilateral and multiple ovarian cysts were seen.Conclusion: Reviewing this case suggests a relationship between HL and HELLP syndrome and may help to explain the underlying causes of preeclampsia; HL may be a predictor of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome in pregnancy.