Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine
Year:2001 | Volume:7 | Issue:22|Papers Count:9

The evening before the last Wednesday of year in Iran has a special celebration. Fireworks is one of the enjoyed programs in this celebration. Unfortunately, burn is a bad accident of fireworks. As, teenagers more like the fireworks, they burn more. Burring is due to the direct contact with flame of fire and pieces of explosive materials. Inhalational burning is seldom seen in this celebration. Respiratory complications in this patients are following systemic situations. It is important to know, due to, an increase burn persons in two years celebrations, children and their parents should be learned and warned. Although determination of burn size using the Rule of Nines is relatively accurate in adults, but it is not accurate in children, because the body proportions of children changes as they grow. For this reason, most burn centers use the Lund-Browder chart to determine burn percentage in children as well as in adults.Although burn isn't a disease with known Etiology Such as virus or bacteria, but it is preventable. With program and responsibility we can reduce burns rate and size in this ancients celebration.

Since years bygone, the brain had been the focus of considerable debate and controversy and the fears of declaring death had always been a dilemma. For a long time, this presumption prevailed that the only subtle sign of death was putrefaction and rigor mortis (2). In the presence of cardiac activity, the permanent loss of cerebral function, manifested clinically by the absence of purposeful responsiveness to external stimuli, cephalic reflexes, apnea, and an isoelectic electroencephalogram for at least 30 minutes in the absence of hypothermia and poisoning by central nervous system depressants indicate cerebral death. The ABR test can be an indicator of preserved brainstem function in difficult clinical situations and has been utilized in brain-dead patients (3,4). Absence of ABR waves II through V despite a normal wave I indicates a significant lack of function in brain stem auditory tracts. This clinical trial was conducted on 62 male (30-75 years)who were in comatosed state. The ABR were clear and reproducible in comatosed patients in whom brain death was not documented, whereas these responses were not recordable in brain dead-patients.The latter finding was confirmed using preclinical monitors such as EEG, Cerebral angiography and CT Scan.

In our country, legal medicine centers should approved cases referred for legal abortion. Such cases were analyzed in present study. 245 cases were referred which in 126 cases (51.4%) the approval was done and for others (119 cases) rejected. Mean age of cases was 30.8 years. The most common indications for legal abortion referral was cardiovascular disease (27%), fetal problems (17%) and renal disorders (11%). The most common indications that were approved included cardiovascular disease (36%) Thallasemia and malignancies (each 17%). The mean gestational age was 10.2 weeks.

Introduction: Nowadays witch injury is one of the major causes of mortality especially in the youngs. To improve the quality of patient management, outcome evaluation of trauma centers has an important role. Since, the compassion of expired patients proportions in different centers, can be biased by different trauma severities (Selection bias), some methods such as standardization, are used to reduce this error. For this purpose, quantitative trauma scoring systems are applicable and the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRISS) is an important method in this way. TRISS calculates survival probability of, each patient according to standard norms; then, the "z statistics" evaluates the significance of difference between the actual and the expected number of survivors after standardization of trauma severity.Method: In a cross-sectional study the trauma severity of a sample (525 cases) from two academic centers (Rasoul-Akram & Haft-e-tir Martyrs) was determined. To this purpose, clinical records of all patients and autopsy records of no survivors were evaluated.Results: From the total 525 cases, 6.5 percent were expired. There was a significant difference between the actual number of surviuors (451 persons) and their expected number (457.12 persons) and the Z statistics was -2.29. The Wscore (-1.27) showed that the mortality of patients must be 1.27persons in each 100 cases less than now in the standard population of trauma centers. Discussion: Although z statistics has some limitations but its signigicant reduction usually shows the presence of shortcomings in patients management. The centers with a low z and w scores must be encouraged to assess the management process of patients with unexpected death.