Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine
Year:2000 | Volume:6 | Issue:20|Papers Count:15

Accidents and especially the road accidents are going to be an important cause of death and human injuries in developing countries. Road accident brings to our country many national damages not only human injuries and deaths, but economical loss.The study was conducted to describe some relative characters to the road accidents and its deaths. Hamedan was selected as the study area and the number of deaths were 251 person. Deaths were belonged to one year records, from sep 1999 to sep 2000. Records were held in the Medical Legal Office of Hamedan.The results showed that most of deaths have been between 21 and 30 years old (18.7%). It was a reverse relation between death frequency and literacy. From the deaths, pedestrians have been 45.2%. Head was shocked in 55.8% of the killed person, and can be said as a main cause of the deaths. In the accidents, black time was between 16 and 17 p.m., and the frequency of deaths in the black time was 20.4%.Our findings compared to others surveys, and discussion made some suggestions from the results. It is suggested a public education to convalesce people driving behavior. It was reminded that safe road and vehicle are necessary and they are the first step to decrease the road accident damages.

This investigation was carried out to evaluate risk factors in men and women with acute myocardial infarction on 126 patients that included 81 males with the mean age of 57.83 ± 11.32 year and 45 females with the mean age of 62.53 ± 11.81 year. In this study, risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking, family history, blood uric acid, and marital situation was assessed. In C.I=0.99, there are significant difference between sex with hypertension and cigarette smoking but no significant difference was shown between sex with family history, kinds of hyperlipidemia and marital situation. Males with hypercholesterolemia or hypertriglyceridemia or diabetes with FBS> 180 mg/dl have lower mean serum level than females; males with hyperuricemia have higher mean lower of uric acid than females but no significant difference was shown between means in two sexes.Relative risk of hypertension, cigarette smoking, family history, hyperlipidemia, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes and hyperuricemia in all patients were 0.85, 0.56, 0.16, 1.68, 1.03, 0.4, 0.47 respectively.

In this prospective study which was done for one year since 1378, all neonates <14073 cases> born in above 2 hospitals were examined by investigators for congenital malformations during their first 24 four hours of life. 150 cases had at least one major or minor malformation. 46% of then were female, 48.7% were male and 5.3% had sexual ambiguity. Malformations were more prevalent in low birth weight and premature groups drug use, major maternal diseases , maltifetal gestation and positive family history had significant positive relation with such anomalies. The most common involved systems were skeletal, nural, urogenital, head and neck and alimentary respectively. Sex, history of abortion and occupation of mother or father had no association with these malformations.

Transitional vertebrae (TV) which is a problem in occupational health and in forensic medicine, including sacralization (SAC) and lumbarization (LUM), occurs in about 3-20% of general population. The low back pain is great problemes in the world. Although the impact of these variation in causing low back pain (LBP), discal herniation (DH) and its relation to gender has been extensively studied, but the results are controversial. The aim of this study were to examine those causal relationship and to determine the incidence of T.V in:1)250 patients with LBP were divided into two subgroups based on with discogenic {DC(n=68)} and non-discogenic {non DC(n=182)}, and 2) 250 normal subjects as control group. The age of the subjects ranged from 20 to 60 years old (mean=40). Each group was evaluated clinically and radiographically. The prevalence of TV was as follows: in control group8.8% (10 cases of SAC and 12 case of LUM);in LBP group 6.4%(7cases of SAC and 9 cases of LUM);in all subjects 7.6%,(16 cases of SAC and 22 cases of LUM); in male group 8.9% (11 cases SAC and 13 cases LUM); in female group 6% (6 cases SAC and 8 cases of LUM); in LBP patients with DC 2.8% (4 cases of SAC and 3 cases of LUM) and in LBP patients non DC 3.6% (3 cases of SAC and 6 cases of LUB). There was no significant relationship between TV (SAC and LUM) and LBP, sex and DH. Conclusions: low back pain should be ascribed to congenital abnormalities only after all other causes of back pain have been ruled out as possibilities, so TV doesnt play a role in inducing LBP and DH.

Sexual Ambiguity is an important issue in paediatric surgery. Early diagnosis and management for giving the child a proper sex can prevent many complicatains suchas psychological conflicts in the child and his family. Sexual ambiguity can be classfied into four groups: female pseudo hermaphrodism, male pseudohermaphrodism, true hermaphrodism and mixed gonadal dysgenesis, Selection of proper sex depend on factors such as chromosomal type, length of phallus, presence of gonads and uterus, the proper sex in gonadal dysgenesis is female because the gonads should be removed. Surgical correction should be done2-6 mounths after birth. Decreasing phallus length or its repair, creation of opening for vagina and its completion and creation of labia major and minor were done during surgery. Phallus reconstruction by recession rather than resection and vaginoplasty with flaps can result in better fuction and appearance in our hospital 30 cases of sexual ambiguity were treated by surgery during last years and successfully were given a proper sex