Iranian Journal of Forensic Medicine
Year:2006 | Volume:12 | Issue:3|Papers Count:10

Background & Aim: The aim of this article is Evaluation of causes of Perinatal death.Materials & Methods: During a four-year period, 2000-2004 in Alzahra hospital, 74 autopsies of dead fetus and neonates were performed using a standardized protocol with systematic examination of all major cranial, thoracic and abdominal organs including microscopic examination.Results: The possible causes of the death were identified in 82.4 percent (61cases). Structural abnormalities were identified in 64.8percent (48 cases). There was no pathologic finding in 10.8 percent (8 cases). Maceration was seen in 6. 75 percent (5 cases). Asphyxia and intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus (IUR) are identified respectively in 18 percent (13 cases) and 13.5 percent (10 cases).Conclusion: Perinatal autopsy is valuable in different ways: the confirmation of ante-mortem diagnoses; the identification of unexpected disorders, and exclusion of other (perhaps inheritable) conditions which might be have caused the intrauterine death; and also perinatal autopsy might be a best quality control instrument for medical cares.

Background & Aim: Estimation of death time is one of the most important and complicated problems in forensic medicine, that because of connection to environmental conditions and internal corporeal factors never can be determined exactly. This article present a method for estimation of the time passing of death and the duration that corpus had been in the place except of its discovery with mathematics methods. Materials & Methods: With application of "Laplas Transforms" in dissolving of differential equations and cooling law of Newton and with data include corporeal and environmental temperature we solve two separate examples. Results: In first example that corpus had been in a single area from death to discovery, the time passing of death is obtained by cooling law of Newton and a differential equation with primary condition, and in the second example that death had occurred in the place different from the place of corpus discovery, the time that it had been in primary place is obtained by using of unit step function and expression of the temperature of two environment in the form of an equation.Conclusion: In fixed situations of corpus we can estimate the time passing of death by data as environmental and corporeal temperature in condition of stabilization of corpus from death to its discovery and if the corpus had also been in another site, by data include the temperature of primary place and discovery place and corporeal temperature we can obtain the duration that corpus had been in primary place.

Background & Aim: Conceding the wide effect of high blood pressure on different organs of body & its different complications and as this disease doesn't have any signs and people don't aware about their dieses when they are affected by finger print & modifying the association between that &finger print, it is possible to diagnose the disease on them & take the right treatments.Materials & Methods: In this research which was case-control research we collected fingerprints from 100 persons that were at Ali-Ebn-Abitaleb Hospital and 100 normal persons that the same paper is used and characteristic in two group classified in 3 categories: whirl Arch loop and from the SPSS and t-test method was made for statistic analysis.Results: Results showed from 2000 samples of finger print that were taken from 100 persons that had blood pressure and 100 persons that didn't have blood pressure, the average loop fingerprint in blood pressure group was 3.82±2.27 and in non blood pressure group 6.5±1.81 that has the significance deterrence (P value=0.023).The average Whirl fingerprint in blood pressure group was 4.73±2.59 and in none blood pressure group was 2.29±1.93 that has the significances difference (P value= 0.002) and the average arch finger print in blood pressure group was 1.43±1.55 and in none blood pressure group was 1.04+0.93 that has the significance difference. (P value=0.0001). Conclusion: Among fingerprints and high blood pressure are relationships and on the basis of the resolutions of research possibility of taking to high blood pressure in people that have whirl fingerprint is more.

Background & Aim : Job stress is defined as inconsistency between occupational demands and individual abilities, capabilities, and wishes. Job stress leads to different physical, mental, and behavioral outcomes and complications. Physicians who work in legal medicine organization, due to the nature and characteristics of their job, confront with various stressors. This study has been designed in order to identify the frequency of job stress in physicians working in Tehran Legal Medicine Organization.Materials & Methods: In a cross-sectional tudy, in the autumn of 2005 we identified the frequency of job stress in physicians working in Tehran Legal Medicine Organization. For measuring the degree of stress, we used Osipow questionnaire, and for analysis of gathered data, we used SPSS (Ver. 11.5). In order to find the relationship between variables and degree of stress, T-test was used. In all statistical analysis, type one error was considered 0.05.Results: Out of 110 physicians working in forensic medicine organization who fulfilled inclusion criteria, 81 persons answered to the questionnaire (degree of responsiveness: 74%).The greatest mean of stressor was related to role ambiguity (28.2%) and responsibility (26.9%).The rate of stress was more frequent in older than younger persons, and also it was more frequent in specialists and those with more duration of employment than general physicians and those with less duration of employment. Men also suffered more stress than women; and these results were statistically significant. Questionnaire reliability was tested by Cronbach' and was 0.83.Conclusion: As mentioned the most frequent stressors were role ambiguity and responsibility, so it is recommended that in order to reduce stress, occupational duties of physicians become more obvious and the organization introduces more information to them and support them more properly.

Background & Aim: Burn injuries still produce significant mortality in Iran. In order to assist with the prevention of burn injuries, the epidemiology of fatal burns in Tehran was investigated.Materials & Methods: In a retrospective study, which was based on post mortem examination, with their clinical & juridical information, this study was carried out to analyze the epidemiology, mortality, and current etiological factors of 388 deaths due to burn, which were referred to the legal medicine center of Tehran between 20/3/2005 and 20/3/2006. Results were compared with similar information in five past years.Results: The overall incidence rate of death was 3.3 per 100000 person-years. The mean age was 27.8 years (age range, 4 months to 77 years), and 24% of them were under 19-years-old. (61%) of all the victims were male and (39%) were female, (M/F=1.5). The highest incidence of burns was in the 21-30 age groups (30.4%) Total burn surface area (TBSA) in the most of cases (86.6%) was more than 400/0, and had a significant negative correlation with hospitalization length. Flame was the most common etiology of burns (90.7%). Accidents were the major manner of death (74%). Suicide (16.2%), murder (2.6%), and undetermined (7.2%) were other manners of death. Rate of suicide for all the patients> or = 11 years were the cause of 22.7% (34/150) of the burns involving women and of 13% (27/208) of the burns involving men. Houses were the most common sites of burning (71.1%) and major cause of them were kerosene and gas accidents. The mean length of hospitalization before death was 10 days.Conclusion: Factors associated with an increase in mortality were suicidal burns, burn size, age, inhalation lesions and flame burns. Most of the burn injuries were caused by domestic accidents and were, therefore, preventable.Parents can play an important role in prevention of burns in children who are most susceptible to burns. People with causes identified could be educated in burn prevention, through news and the media. Decrease of mortality rate in five past years can be as sign of progress in prevention and treatment of burn injuries.

Background &Aim: driving accidents are one of the most important problems which threaded the humans health. The role of motor vehicles accidents were changed from bottom of the causes of the death to top. Regarding to unexpected increasing of motor vehicles and high prevalence the death due to accidents in Yazd province, we designed this study with the aim of epidemiology of accidents in Yazd in 1383.Materials & Methods: This descriptive study carried out using available information in Yazd traffic police department.Results: The results of this study showed that, the total number of accidents in Yazd were 8234 cases, which were divided in to three categories 66.1% of the accidents were known to be destruct then came accidents which led to injuries (29.9%) and the third category of accidents were those which led to death (3.9%). Most of the drivers (32.2%) were between 18-24 years old and then (30.8%) were between 25 -34 years old. 92.5% of drivers were male and 7.5% was female. The cause of accidents (34.4%) were non-observance of the right of priority, and (8.01%) was back ward moving, 4.1% was left and right deviation and 5.1% was un attention to logical interval. According to the results, only 3.1% of drivers had been used seatbelt and only 4.1% of motorcyclists had been used helmet.Conclusion: Regarding the results of this study, education of traffic principles and true driving to students and public, in addition to taking suitable policies for prevention of driving accidents is recommended.

Introduction: inspite of technical, efficiency of safety equipment, free silica (SiO2) or silica quartz, still is one of the main occupational dangers. Silicosis not only appears insidiously, but also evolves slowly over the span of decades and is compatible with long survival depending on many factors such as total dose, duration of exposure, type of silica inhaled, and possibly individual factors.Case Report: The case was a 24 years old man; he had 3 years work experience at the malayer quarry. In the past He had history of six times admission at hospital and suffering of TB 6 months before of death.The most prominent symptoms were related to respiratory system in Autopsy and pathology absolutely silicosis was confirmed.Conclusion: considering that silica results to mortality in workers exposed to contact, therefore, use of safety equipment and persistent control of occupational medicine specialists to workers activity exposed to silica contact and periodical examination, are recommended.

Introduction: Trauma is leading complication and one of the causes of mortality of pregnancy. Trauma can be lead to fetus death and threatening occurrences of mother s life, whether resulting from vehicles accident or suicide and quarrel.Discussion: It must be sured of opening of airway in pregnant women involved in Trauma and necessity of the complete oxygen should be prescribed or the patient is under cannulation and mechanical treatment; since during pregnancy the womb is out of pelvis and cause to pressure on the inferior vena cava and also pregnancy cause to reduce of digestion system movements and the pregnant stomach must be assumed full, in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and helping to protect of airway and service to vital organs the mentioned items must be considered and in order to reject of any probable injury of fetus and other processes of pregnancy, it is necessary that at least 4 hours of monitoring to be done.Conclusion: Surveys shows that the trauma resulting from pregnancy can be preventable and with observance of safety measures and quick diagnosis of suspecting cases of severe injury we able to reduce of mother and fetus mortality.