Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
Year:2018 | Volume:19 | Issue:5|Papers Count:12

Background and aims: The aim of the current research was to investigate the effect of age and body mass index on performance quality of motor skills among children with 3-5 years-old in Tehran.Methods: A total of 400 children between the ages of 3-5 years-old were selected through multi-stage cluster random sampling from Tehran city. Motor skills were assessed with using the OSU-SIGMA qualitative scale. Height without shoes in standing position and weight using digital scales and Body mass index was calculated by dividing the weight by height squared.Results: The results indicated that the age variable had a significant effect on performance quality of walking, running, stair climbing, catching and throwing skills, but BMI had not a significant effect. Also, age and BMI variables had significant effects on performance quality of jumping, running hoping, licking, kicking by hand, kicking by foot and climbing of ladder skills (P<0.05). In both ages, boys in all skills displayed better performance than girls (exept for skipping and hopping skills) (P<0.05). Moreover, both overweight and obese children had lower performance than normal children. Conclusion: Based on the results of present study, the necessity for existence of educational programs in the field of physical activities and the prevalence of obesity and overweight in children is suggested.

Background and aims: Colored wastewaters are highly toxic for animals, human and habitat areas and cause several diseases in humans such as allergy, cancer and mutation. This study was aimed to remove of acid blue 113 color with application of UV/H2O2 with nano-catalyst of Fe3O4. Optimization of the process was investigated using experiment design methodology.Methods: In this experimental study, in order to study the effective parameters such as initial concentration of acid blue 113 (AB 113), pH, contact time, amounts of hydrogen peroxide and nano-catalyst Fe3O4 in removal of acid blue 113 and finding optimal conditions was investigated using of response surface methodology. Data were analyzed using design experiment software. Results: Optimum conditions of removal including initial concentration of AB113 dye 62.3 mg/L, pH 3.83, contact time 29.5 minutes, the amount of hydrogen peroxide 31.53 mmol/L and concentration of Fe3O4 1.81 g/L were obtained for maximum removal efficiency of 95.51%. The removal efficiency by increasing H2O2, contact time and catalyst concentration increased and with increasing of initial dye concentration and pH was decreased.Conclusion: The results showed that the removal amount of AB113 dye from synthetic wastewater using UV/H2O2/Fe3O4 process obtained 95.51% in optimal condition. Therefore, this method has an effective potential in AB113 removal and can be applied for removal of this dye from industrial wastewater.

Background and aims: With increasing age, we observe a decrease in muscle strength and endurance, range of joint motion and flexibility of body tissues, which in turn these factors may cause muscle pain and chronic low back pain in these individuals. So, continuing this cycle will lead to atrophy and decrease of muscle strength. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of two methods for massage and physical exercise selected in water on spine flexibility, pain and disability among non-active elderly women in Dezful.Methods: In this semi- experimental study, a total of 45 inactive elderly women were selected according to the inclusion criteria in the research and awareness of the stages of implementation. were assigned homogeneously in three groups, 15 women in each group. The range of back flexibility, pain intensity, the inability of all subjects was evaluated before and after the implementation of the exercise protocol. Then, the experimental group exercised six weeks (Massage group: four 15-minute sessions per week, group activator in the water: three one-hour sessions per week). Differences between pretest and posttest groups was determined using independent t-test and changes between the study groups was compared using analysis of covariance test.Results: Statistical analysis results showed there is a significant difference in the massage group and training group after the exercise protocol, in the flexibility, pain intensity and the inability, but it was not observed no significant difference in the control group. Also, in comparison between groups, the results showed that training method in water was more effective on the variables of pain intensity and the disability, but any difference was not observed between training methods on pain intensity of subjects, and two training methods had an equal effect on pain intensity of elderly women.Conclusion: It seems using massage and active exercises in the water, can cause further improvement in performance in elderly women.

Background and aims: The rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease and a stable progressive inflammatory disorder in synovial tissue. It seems that both cell-mediate immune responses and humoral immunity play roles in causing this disease. Oxidative stress and changes in the amount of trace elements play an important role in the progress of the disease. The aim of the current study was to compare the Iron and Ferritin serum levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis patients and healthy individuals.Methods: This study was a case-control research in which 44 patients suffered from rheumatoid arthritis and 44 healthy individuals were investigated that they were all homogenous in terms of age and gender. The iron was estimated by photometric measurement and the development of ferrous-ferroin colored complex. The amount of ferritin in the serum was measured by architect autoanalyzer. The data were analyzed through covariance and Mann-Whitney tests using SPSS software at the significant level lower than P<0.5.Results: The results showed that the levels of iron and ferritin evaluated in patients (mean ± SD) were 59.97±6.65, 99.20±11.69, respectively, and in control group are 69.77±4.52, 44.79±7.14. This difference was not significant in iron (P>0.05), but it was not significant in serum ferritin (P<0.001). Also, There were significant differences between the proportion of iron to ferritin in both case and control groups (P<0.001).Conclusion: It seems that there is a correlation between the amounts of ferritin with rheumatoid arthritis. Iron is suspicious to be an effective factor in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background and aims: Developmental Coordination Disorders (DCD) is one of the most common disorders affecting on the children with 5-8 years old. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of training and different background interference (blocked and random practice) on Attention disorders in children with DCD between 5 to 7 years old in Mashhad city. Methods: The research method was quasi-experimental. Among all children with DCD in Kindergartens of Mashhad, 45 children were selected by screening tests after the completion of the Conner's psychological nursing questionnaire as pre-test, and they were divided randomly into three groups of 15 subjects (block practice, random practice, and control groups. In the following, the current experimental groups performed training by different contextual interfering for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week, and each session 45 minutes). At the end, post-test was performed again by Connor's neuropsychological questionnaire to all subjects. T-test and Covariance test were used respectively to determine intra-group and inter-group differences. Results: The results of the present study showed that training in both experimental groups had effective growth on attention problems in children with DCD (block P=0.01, random P=0.001), while in the control group had no effect (P=0.58). Also, the results of this study showed that training group with more contextual interfering was more effective on attention problems in children with DCD and caused more improvement in these children.Conclusion: However, it can be concluded that training with more background interference can cause further improvement of attention problems in children with DCD.

Background and aims: High heat capacity and low reactivity of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are two main factors which have had a pivotal role in their longevity in the environment since several decades ago. Accumulation of these pollutants in animal tissues leads to mutations and exposure to them accelerates the prevalence of chronic disorders. During the recent years, removal of PCBs from natural ecosystems has been considered as one of the controversially environmental challenges. This study is supposed t5gj investigate the capability of a specific kind of carbon nanotubes for detection and degradation of a hazardous type of PCBs.Methods: The study investigates the possibility of PCB-153 removal by using computational nanotechnology. To shoot this target, this theoretical study has simulated and calculated the absorption and degradation of PCB-153 through interaction with the wall of zigzag (0, 14) single-walled carbon nanotube over two six-step processes. The first six-step includes the decomposition of the pollutant into an intermediate species (1, 2, 4- Trichlorobenzene). In the second six-step, the breakdown of the intermediate to the final products (1, 2-dichloropropane and 1-chloropropane) has been calculated.Results: During the interactions, the total energy, Gibbs free energy, binding energy, and enthalpy show a considerable decrease in the phase transition. Moreover, nuclear energy and bipolar moment show a significant increase in the phase transition. Additionally, when adsorbing and decomposing PCB-153, the conductivity of the nanotube surges markedly.Conclusion: The thermodynamic parameters obtained from the interactions demonstrate that the absorption and degradation of PCB-153 using the zigzag (0, 14) single-walled carbon nanotube can be done spontaneously. In fact, this nanotube could be a suitable tool for detection and breakdown of the pollutant.

Background and aims: Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (licorice) is a very sweet and soothing herb with anti-inflammatory property and hormonal effects, and in the high importance to the pharmaceutical and food industries. The aim of this study was to investigate the Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of extract containing and without Glycyrrhizic acid of licorice rhizome on small laboratory mice.Methods: In this experimental study, 126 male NMRI mice randomly divided into 18 groups (n=7). Xylene and Formalin Tests used for demonstrating anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects. The normal saline control group and the positive control group in the inflammation test were injected dexamethasone, and morphine was injected in the pain test. Experimental groups received extract with and without Glycyrrhizic acid of licorice rhizome at doses of 20, 40, 60, 90 and 120 mg/kg. Statistical analysis was performed using Graph pad Prism software, one and two way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-hoc tests (P<0.05).Results: The results of inflammation test showed that all doses of extract with glycyrrhizin contain anti-inflammatory effect in inhibiting the xelen-induced inflammation compared with the control group. Results of formalin test showed that the extract with glycyrrhizin has more analgesic effect than without glycyrrhizin extract. Analgesic effects of two extracts in both acute and chronic pain were observed which the pain score dropped significantly in chronic pain.Conclusion: Findings of this study showed that licorice root extract has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects so that major part of these effects is probably related to Glycyrrhizic acid.

Background and aims: Personality disorders have a wide range and have pervasive effects on the individual life and interpersonal relationships. Understanding the underlying factors of personality disorders causes more accurate understanding and identification of preventive factors and finally helps them in treating. So, this study was aimed to predict personality disorders based on Zuckerman's Alternative Five-Factor Model (AFFM) and ego strength.Methods: This research is a descriptive correlational study. The study population included all students in University of Moheghegh Ardabili in 2015 (n=14000). 150 subjects were selected by stratified random sampling and responded to Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) and Zuckerman-Kuhlman personality questionnaires and Psychosocial Inventory of Ego Strengths. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression tests.Results: Regression analysis showed that factors of neuroticism-anxiety, aggression-hostility and sociability of AFFM can predict personality disorder Cluster A, elements of impulsive sensations seeking, aggression-hostility and sociability of AFFM and ego strength can predict personality disorder Cluster B and elements of neuroticism-anxiety, impulsive sensations seeking and sociability of AFFM can predict personality disorder Cluster C.Conclusion: Findings of the current research could be the first step to understanding the usefulness of AFFM and ego strength by specialists in understanding personality disorders, using appropriate methods for predicting the incidence, prevention, and development of treatment methods.

Background and aims: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of endurance training on the serum levels of sex hormones and sperm parameters in the induced diabetic rats by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide.Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats in the weight range of 200±48 g, assigned randomly in three groups: Healthy control, diabetic control and diabetic edurance training. For diabetic induction, intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide solution (120 mg/kg) and Streptozotocin (STZ) solution (65 mg/kg) method was used after 12 hours of food starvation. One week after injection of STZ, nicotinamide solution, the endurance training protocol was performed for ten weeks and 24 hours after the last training session, left epididymis of the rats was collected for studying sperm parameters and blood serum samples to evaluate sex hormones. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Turkey’s Post Hoc test at the level of P<0.05.Results: Ten weeks of resistance training caused a significant decrease in blood glucose in the endurance training group in comparison to the diabetic group (P=0.013). Also, endurance training in the endurance training group led to a significant increase in the serum levels of testosterone (P=0.000) LH (P=0.002) and FSH (P=0.029 in comparison to the diabetic control group. In addition, it was not observed no significant difference in the endurance training group compared to the health control group in the sperm parameters such as sperm count (P=0.065), and normal morphology (P=0.067).Conclusion: It seems endurance training can improve sperm parameters, including sperm count and normal morphology through increasing the serum level of testosterone hormones, LH and FSH in rats with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background and aims: Lipoprotein lipase is one of the most important enzymes associated with control plasma lipids. Triacylglycerol, LDL and chylomicrons are hydrolyzed by lipoprotein lipase (LPL). Many factors involved in control the activity of this enzyme such as ApoCI, ApoCII, ApoCIII, ApoA5, ApoE, ANGPTL3, ANGPTL4 and ANGPTL5. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the studies that have assessed the roles of lipoprotein lipase enzyme. Methods: All articles which had keywords LPL (Lipoprotein Lipase) in their text at PubMed and ISI databases were searched. Then, the relevant parts of the enzyme lipoprotein lipase were evaluated and in total 42 articles were analyzed.Results: GPIHBP1 acts as carriers of LPL protein in endothelial cells and the absence of this protein will cause a sharp increase in TG. It seems that LPL play an important role in limiting the expression of genes involved in inflammation and atherosclerotic signals and performing this through the expression of specific microRNAs called the miR-29a. SorLA is an intracellular and intercellular mediators which is expressed at high levels throughout the brain and can be connected to LPL with a high combinator affinity. Disruption of this mechanism leads to overeating and obesity. Also, Angiopoietin-like Protein (Angptl) can alter active mode of LPL to inactive. Conclusion: The results showed that the enzyme lipoprotein lipase is one of the important enzymes associated with cardiovascular disease and controling the activity of this enzyme to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease has considerable importance. In addition, many factors can be involved in controlling the activity of this enzyme.