Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2004 | Volume:8 | Issue:2|Papers Count:11

Introduction: Ischemic heart diseases are the most prevalent causes of diseases in hospitals and are the second cause of mortality in Iran. Treatment cost for most of these preventable causes of readmission is remarkably high. This study is designed to investigate the readmission causes of ischemic heart diseases in Bandar Abbas. Methods: In this descriptive study, during a 6 month period, all readmitted patients with history of acute coronary syndrome including non Q wave myocardial infarction, unstable angina and myocardial infarction, admitted in emergency ward of Shahid Mohammadi hospital, Bandar Abbas, were investigated. The data were collected from the patient or from their medical files and recorded in a pre-designed questionnaire and the results were presented using descriptive methods.Results: A total of 75 patients were investigated. In most cases, multifactor causes were responsible for readmission of the patients. The most frequent factors for readmission were irregular consumption of medicine, psychic stress of the patient, irregular daily activities and continuing smoking. Conclusion: Readmission process and its imposed costs on the patients and the nationwide medical system emphasize the need to review the problem with a new light for more relevant actions. A new education program for IHD patients may be helpful in reducing the readmission cases.

Introduction: Headache is a common problem in children and adolescents. It may be a primary disorder, such as migraine, tension or cluster headaches or a disorder secondary to a systemic illness or a central nervous system disorder. This study is designed to reveal the main causes of headache in children who were admitted to children’s neurology clinic of Bandar Abbas.Methods: In this study the clinical and laboratory findings of 104 patients, who were followed up after a diagnosis of headache in the hospital, were reviewed retrospectively. The criteria as defined by the types of headaches according to temporal patterns, and International Headache Society (IHS) were used in the classification of patients. The results were presented using descriptive methods. Results: 104 patients including 49 males and 55 females were investigated. The patients ages ranged from 5 to 16 years (mean age 9.72 years); migraine (36.53%), sinusitis (26.92%), tension-type and psychosomatic headaches (16.34%) were the most frequently identified causes of acute headache. Other causes included pharyngitis (4.8%), mumps (3.84%), aura (3.84%), meningitis (2.88%), pyelonephritis (1.92%), viral upper respiratory tract infection (1.92%), psudotumor cerebri (0.96%).Conclusion: The most frequent cause of headache in children was migraine and fortunately, the critical causes of headache which lead to death or complications are in frequent.

Introduction: Elevated hematocrit is associated with high blood viscosity and could lead to vascular thrombosis. The purpose of this study is to compare hematocit of ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction patients. Methods: All of the patients with ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction (MI) admitted in Vali-e-asr Hospital, Khorasan during 2002-2003 enrolled in this descriptive analytical study. Diagnosis of ischemic stroke and MI was made by neurologists and cardiologists. HCT was calculated with computerized complete blood count. T test and Chi-Square test were used for analysis and p<0.05 was declared as significant. Results: 208 stroke patients and 306 MI patients were investigated. Elevated HCT was found in 9.5% of females with stroke and 9.8% of females with MI without a significant difference. Elevated hematocrit was also found in 5.4% of males with stroke and 7.1% of males with MI. Comparing mean HCT of females and males between stroke and MI groups did not reveal significant differences. Conclusion: Case control and cohort studies are recommended for evaluation of elevated HCT as a risk factor of ischemic stroke and MI.

Introduction: Cataract is the most prevalent, visually disabling eye disease in the world. The prevalence of cataract varies widely with striking regional differences. The prevalence rises with age and is higher in females. Cataract is more common in areas where exposure to sunlight is greatest. Cataract is also seen in high frequency and in younger age groups in poverty stricken areas which suffer from malnutrition. The main aim of this research is assessment of mean age of senile cataract of patients undergoing cataract surgery at Shahid Mohammadi medical center. Methods: In this descriptive study, 945 patients of extra capsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and intraocular lens (IOL) implant were studied. 187 incomplete records were omitted. Demographic data including age, sex, occupation, systemic disease, and other para clinic findings were analyzed. Results: Overall 945 patients, including 528 (55.9%) female and 417 (44.1%) male, were investigated. The prevalence was higher in woman than in men and it increased with age, 80.5% of patients are older than 56 years, 22.9% are in the age 59-63 years, average of age was 61.15 (32-96 year). Conclusion: As compared to the previously carried out surveys, the epidemiological features (e.g. Mean Age) of patients operated on for senile cataract showed to be lower.

Introduction: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis cases have recently increased in Bastak area in Hormozgan province. There is no practical information on the causes and vectors of this disease in the region. This study was designated in order to focus on various aspects of the vectors in Bactak area. Methods: In this descriptive study, sand flies were collected biweekly from human dwellings and rodent burrows using sticky (oil) paper trap. Some blood-fed and gravid female sand flies were dissected and examined for the presence of leptomonad. When leptomonad was seen, a few drops of sterile saline were added and fixed by methanol. Blood films were stained by gimsa. Results: A total number of 729 sand flies were collected in which ten species were identified. They consisted four species from the genus phlebotomies (P.alexandri 62.28%, P. papatasi 12.62%, P. bergeroti 5.21%, P.sergenti 3.43%) and six species from the genus sergentomyia (S. sintoni 5.48%, S.clyder 3.57%, S.tiberiadis 3.57%, S.baghdadis 1.78%, S.dentata 1.1% and S.iranica 96%). S.iranica was reported for the first time from Hormozgan province. The predominant species was P.alexandri indoors (68.84%) and in rodent burrows (63%) in the area. Fifty one bloodfed and gravid sandflies (20 P.alexandri, 17 P.papatasi, 3 P.sergenti, 7 S.clyderi, 4 S.sitoni) were dissected, but all were found to be negative. Conclusion: Most probably P.papatasi is the vector of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bastak. Nevertheless, more studies are recommended.

Introduction: program in our country is low cooperation of men in family planning and the low percentage of users of vasectomy method is a proof of this problem. This research is conducted to analyze the knowledge and attitude of family health staff who are the most important counselors of family planning.Methods: This is an analytical and descriptive research in which 7 cities of the province were randomly selected as clusters. In each cluster then attitude and knowledge of all staff was collected using pre-designed questionnaires. The results were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and Chi-square. Results: Most of the family health staff had a moderate (67.9%) knowledge 20.8% good and 11.3% had poor knowledge toward vasectomy. Knowledge had a significant relationship with educational level and educational field (p<0.01) but didn’t have relationship with state of marriage, number of children, employment position, resources of information and birth control method. 92.3% had a positive attitude and 7.7% a neutral attitude toward vasectomy, while 83% of the subjects agreed with this method for their family, only 2.7% used this method. Conclusion: Concerning the research results, attempts should be made towards advancement of knowledge and promotion of attitude to vasectomy. This can not, be attained unless classes and educational programs to increase knowledge get underway.

Introduction: Low density lipoprotein particles are non homogenous in terms of their density and composition. Type B pattern is characterized by predominance of small dense LDL particles. Investigations indicate that small dense LDL is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). This study is designed to recognize additional effective parameter which could perhaps contribute to increased risk of CAD in diabetics. LDL size was determined in these patients. Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression were used and p<0.05 was considered as significant. Methods: In this analytic study, LDL particle diameters were determined by non denaturing gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in 81 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and 81 healthy control subjects age 50 to 70 years. BMI was calculated in all participants. Triglyceride (TG) and HDL-C concentrations were measured enzymatically by analytical kits. In the study correlation between LDL size and parameters such as BMI, age, sex, triglyceride, HDL-C and diabetic status was also investigated. Results: Based on results obtained, 59% of diabetic patients and 27% of controls showed LDL pattern B. LDL size was significantly lower in diabetics than controls (25.1±l.5 nm vs. 25.8±2.1 nm, p<0.05). Diabetics show significantly higher TG (187.8±90.8 mg/dl vs. 145.6±69.7 mg/dl, p<0.01) and lower HDL-C (47.5±12.9 mg/dl vs. 57.1±14.3 mg/dl, p<0.05). Based on the results, obtained LDL size shows significant inverse correlation with TG and diabetic status and direct correlation with HDL-C concentration. Conclusion: Diabetics showed 2-fold increase in frequency of LDL pattern B which may explain increased risk of CAD in these patients.

Introduction: Schools, especially primary schools are places which have the main role for starting an epidemic of pediculosis. In this survey, we studied the prevalence of head lice (pediculosis capitis) contamination among primary school girls of Qom city during the winter of 2003. Methods: In this descriptive study, a total of 1650 cases from 49458 elementary school girls were selected randomly and examined by direct observation of scalp hair, especially behind the neck and ears to find nit, nymph or adult louse. Then related questionnaires were filled out by asking students and their teachers. The results were presented by means of descriptive methods and the main factors were examined by means of Chi-square test. Results: The results showed that 74 students were infected and 131 cases had a history of contamination with head lice or nit. The infection rate was 4.5% with a peak of 7.4% in 4th grade. According to the national pediculosis association of USA, which defines an epidemic when 5% or more of students are infected, the status of primary school girls infection in the Qom city is near the epidemic condition. Analysis of the results using X2 test showed that pediculosis has a significant relation to: education and job of mother, family size, grades of student, previous records of infection to lice, length of hair, common use of personal equipment, and kind of residence place (p<0.05). It has a non-significant relation to education and job of father, presence or absence of bathroom in houses, and doing the personal health care by students. Conclusion: Relatively high prevalence of head lice in Qom primary schools highlights the need for more cooperation between the city education authorities and health centers.

Introduction: Freshwater shortage and its sustainability and unsustainability are under consideration across the world. The fact that considerable parts of Iran are located in the arid and semiarid regions, is indicative of these geographical and climatic characteristics. This descriptive study is conducted to evaluate the chemical quality of water in Bam and Baravat plain and the variations in this trend. Methods: In this investigation, 20 piezometric water wells and 10 water wells were selected in view of their dispersion in the plain, and 12 chemical parameters of water were tested according to recommended methods of STANDARD METHODS, 20th edition during study period. The results of tests were recorded as minimum, average, and maximum of each parameter for every well in a year and the results of the year of 2003 were drawn as a diagram with the use of Schuler and Wilcox chart. Results: The quality of water as compared with standard did not show undesirability of drinking water wells, but the quality variations of both present piezometric and drinking water wells in region tend to be worse in some cases. Based on Schuler’s classification, water from region No.1 was found to be safe for drinking, from region No.2 suitable only for emergency situations, from region No.3 unsafe for drinking purposes. According to Wilcox’s classification, water from region No.1 was found to be suitable for irrigation, from region No.2 for emergency purposes, and from region NO.3 unsafe for any usage. Conclusion: In order to preserve quality and to enhance the water resources of Bam and Baravat plain it is recommended to take steps towards development of watershed management programs and control of flood water for artificial recharge of the plain.

Introduction: Plastic deformation of long bones can occur at any age, but is several times more common in children than in adults. This situation in adults is so rare that even a single case can be reported. The cause of the lower incidence in adults is the larger mineral content of adult bones relative to water with smaller haversian canals in comparison to children. Case report: Here we report two cases of this very rare deformity of adult forearm bones that occurred in Shahid Mohammadi hospital, Bandar Abbas, during a two years period. Both of the patients, a 19 year old woman and a 22 year old man, referred to hospital after a fall on outstretched hand and in one of them there was a fracture of one of the forearm bones.Conclusion: Plastic deformity of adult forearm bones, although very rare, needs complete correction of the deformity to prevent a subsequent loss of range of motion.