Hormozgan Medical Journal
Year:2001 | Volume:5 | Issue:4|Papers Count:16

This prospective, cross-sectional study was undertaken to investigate the rate of reaction to PPD test after B.C.G vaccination (at birth) in two age groups of, 9 months and 4-6 years. The subjects were 400 children that referred to health clinics for vaccination in Bandar Abbas in 2000. 200 of children were of nine months and 200 of them were of 4-6 years. The t-test method was used for statistical analysis. The rate of reaction to PPD test was used for statistical analysis. The rate of reaction to PPD test was less than 5mm in 91.5% of nine-month age group and in 90.5% of 4-6 year age group. In can be concluded that, reaction to PPD test after B.C.G vaccination at birth even one year after vaccination (should have the highest reaction) was not significant and reaction above 5mm should not be due to B.C.G vaccination at birth.  

Since perinatal mortality rate is one the significant sanitary, cultural and economic indices in every population. This research was conducted to discover its causes and some of the related factors. In this study all the cases of stillbirth (after 22nd week of pregnancy) and neonatal death (from birth until the end of 28th day) from August 1997 to November 1999 were investigated in all deliveries at Semnan Amir Hospital. In information was directly received from delivery agent, parents and the pediatrician. Then it was recorded in a questionnaire for all mothers with stillbirth, CBC, Platelet, Pt, Ptt, Bun, Creatinine and FBS was done. All out of the hospital was studied as much as possible and this group was compared with the control group which consisted of 150 subjects delivered during the same year, then these two groups were -tested with X2 at 5 percent level. In 29 cases the most common causes of still-birth were placental abruption. Preeclampsia or chronic hypertention, diabetes, umbilical cord stenosis and congenital anomalies, and in 45 cases the most common causes of neonatal death were prematurity, congenital anomalies and asphyxia during delivery respectively. There was a significant relation between perinatal mortality and maternal age, number of previous abortions, vaginal bleeding in first and second half of pregnancy and previous stillbrith. While there was no significant relation between perinatal mortality and parity and premature rupture of membrane more than 6 hours and less than 18 hours.  

The effect of ultra violet light (DV) on cataract and pterygium has been studied in many researches, but research on joint occurrence of these two ophtical diseases is quite few. This study was designed to study the effect of ultra violet light (UV) on occurrence of cataract and ptrygium in Bandar Abbas and Tehran with different geographical situations from intensity of sun light point of view. 100 patients in Bandar Abbas and 65 patients in Tehran, suffering from at least one of the mentioned ophthical diseases who referred to ophthalmology clinics were chosen as cases and for each case a person with no ophthical problem was randomly selected as control. Control groups were matched by age and sex. All cases were examined for severity and type of ophthalmic disease by slat lamp and ophtholmoscope and visual acuity was also examined by E-Chart. For each of the cases and controls a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics, some risk factors and the number of hours each person exposes to strong sunlight was completed. Patients with some known risk factors such as diabetics, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, eye trauma, corticosteroid therapy, cigarette smoking and use of spectacles were excluded from the study. Results show that joint occurrence of cataract and pterygium in Bandar Abbas is 8 times more than it in Tehran (66.66% and 8.5%, respectively). Moreover, relative risk of more than ten hours direct exposure of sun light and occurrence of at least one of the mentioned ophthalmic diseases was 10.49 and 1.9 in Bandar Abbas and Tehran, respectively. It seems that the main reason for occurrence of ophthalmic diseases in Bindar Abbas is UV, whereas, cataract and ptrygium in Tehran is mostly age related.  

This cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the relative frequency and risk factors of L.B.W in Bandar Abbas. Subjects were live Births during 1999-2000 from whom 585 were selected through a multistage sampling and data was collected by a questionnaire. 49.5 % and 50.5 % of subjects were boys and girls, respectively. According to the results, relative frequency of L. B.W was 11.8% in boy infants, 16.2% in girl infants and 14% in all subjects. Relative frequency of L.B.W in women's infant with maternal age of under 18 was 25% and in those with age of 18-35 was 13.1% and in first and second pregnancy and in infants with family spacing of 24 months and over 24 months were 17%, 1%,9.9%,29.4% and 9.2%, respectively.  

Preterm labor pain (PLP) onset of labor pain before the 37th week of pregnancy, is one of the commonest complications of pregnancy in all communities. Since in most cases the treatment of neonatal complications due to PLP requires huge expenditure and time, prevention of PLP is of great importance. This investigation was undertaken to examine the predisposing factors in pregnant women referred to Dr. Shariati Hospital with labor pain from May to November 1998. The subjects were 3253 women from whom 143 women with PLP were identified and selected with full term and selected, and 143 other parturient with full term pain were selected at the same time as control group. Study of the predisposing factors and statistical analysis showed that 4.4 % of parturient referred to Dr. Shariati Hospital had PLP. In 75% of women the commonest factors for PLP were: premature rapture of membrane, placenta abruption, pyelonepritis and Intrauterine Fetal Death (IFD), respectively. Results also showed a statistically significant relation between educational level and employment during pregnancy (specially farmers) with PLP.  

Prevalence of intestinal parasites is one of the important indices of health in any community and continual assessment for the prevention and control of intestinal parasite infection is necessary. This cross sectional study was conducted to determine the intestinal parasites and related factors among Bandar Abbas primary school pupils. The subjects were 1369 pupils who were chosen randomly in several stages and data was collected by means of a questionnaire consisting information such as age, sex, parents educational level and job, school affiliation. Samples of stool were collected and transmitted to laboratory. The subjects were examined directly and by formalin-ether concentration method. According to the results the total infection rate was 48.4% and among boy and girl pupils it was 59.3% and 39.52%, respectively. The prevalence of intestinal helminthes was 5.91% and intestinal protozoa was 34.18% and that of H.nana was 4.3 %, Giardia infection with 17.23% was the most common among others. The infection rate of other intestinal parasites such as E.coli, E.his, B.hominis and oxyure were: 10.8%, 1.32%, and 8.32% 1.53%, respectively. Considering these findings and the high prevalence of protozoa. There should be more emphasis on environmental health, sanitation issues including sewage system, drinking water, etc. Moreover continuing health education programs for pupils and their parents should be planned.  

Increased intraocular pressure during or after anesthesia, which is due to factors such as retching creates severe complications for patients and major problems for ophthalmologists. Prescription of alfentanyl may cause vomiting. The replacement of another drug that decreases vomiting occurrence, can be effective in patient recovery and prevention of complications after surgery. This study was conducted to compare the effect of alfentanyl and thalamonal (composed of deperidol 25%mg/mil and fentanyl 50mg/ml) on vomiting after cataract surgery. The subjects were 400 patients (ages 50-80 years), that were hospitalized for cataract surgery at khodad Mehrabi hospital and did not have diseases related to vomiting center stimulation. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups. One group was given alfentanyle and another group thalamonal. The vomiting occurrence was recorded after operation in recovery room. T and X2 tests were used for data analysis. The mean and standarad deviation of age was 68.5 and 9.6 respectively. There were not significant differences in age and sex. Vomiting occurrence in thalamonal and alfentanyle group was 6% and 26% respectively, which showed significant difference (P < 0.00001). It can be concluded that thalamonal can decrease vomiting complication after operation.  

Patient training during hospitalization is one of the most important duties of nurses in clinical wards. It has so many benefits for patients and helps them in different stages of hospitalization and convalescence. This descriptive study was designed to evaluate the patient training in surgical wards of shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas. A total of 115 patients who were admitted for surgical operation was randomly selected and their view about some essential training were collected by means of a pre-designed questionnaire and direct interview. Results show that 45.19% of patients have taken pre-operation training, 27.62% have had postoperation training and only 33.89% stated that in some stage have taken a kind training related to hospitalization process and the surgical operation. It seems that retraining of nurses is essential and supervisors should pay more attention in training of patients by nurses in different stages, from patient admission to discharge.