Iranian Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility
Year:2000 | Volume:2 | Issue:4|Papers Count:15

The cervical carcinoma arised from a non invasive dysphasia, so diagnosis and treatment in this stage could prevent from progressing to invasive and malignant stage. A diagnostic trial was conducted to determine accuracy of acetic acid 5% in early detecting of cervical dysphasia.In family planning and gynecologic clinic in Bagher Abad health center and Mirsa Kochakghan hospital.Women underwent acetic acid 5% test after acquired consent.100 women with positive test (AA+ group) and 100 women with negative test (AA group) as comparison group randomally selected for study.Cytology and colposcopy examination were done for all of them.9 cases in AA + group and 2 cases in AA - group had abnormal cytology, which 7 cases (from AA + group) had abnormal biopsy and remaining were normal.95 women of AA + group 25 of AA - group had abnormal colposcopy which all of them underwent biopsy.67 cases (71%) in AA + group and 3 case (12%) in AA - group have shown dysphasia in biopsy results.In this study sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of acid actic test was 95.7%, 44%, 70.5% and 88% respectively and so for cytology test was 10%, 92%, 63.6% and 42.2%.

Object: In this study we compared the efficacy, safety and complications of Intravaginally administered prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pros tin 3mg and intravenous infusion of PGE2 for second trimester uterine evacuation due to fetal death.Method: forty-five patients were randomly assigned to receive 3mg intravaginal PGE2 (one or two' doses at 4 hour intervals) (N = 25) or a 10 mg PGE2 in 1000 cc 5% D.W that infused with micro drop (N = 20).These patients had a single dead fetus that had been diagnosed by two consecutive sonography and no fetal heart listened by sonicaide. The mean time from initiation of termination to uterine evacuation was similar in two groups (16.16 ± 8.5).Result: The rate of successful fetal evacuation rate, mean age of pregnancy, mean gravity and the mean age of mothers were similar in two groups. The incidence and severity of adverse effects in group II (Infused group) was significantly higher than in the group I (Intra vaginal group) (41.2% Vs 8%).Conclusion: Then the use of intravaginal an injectable PGE2 for mid trimester pregnancy termination is safe and effective, and because there isn't any surgical intervention are more better tolerable by the patients.

Side effects of IUD such as perforation, bleeding, dismenorrhea and expulsion were compared in two groups through a non Randomized clinical trial.IUD T 380A were used for 89 women in 5-6th weeks after delivery as postpartum (p.p) group and for 443 women which their delivery had done 7 weeks ago or more as a control group.Every cases were observed at 1/2, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after insertion.T-test, X2 and fisher's exact test have used for analysis of data.The mean age of p.p group was 23 ± 4 and for control group was 28 ± 2. The insertion prolonged more than 3 mintus in 57.6% p.p group and 7.4% in control group there was a significant difference (P < 0.01).Unusual bleeding after 4-6 months were seen 5.8% in control goup versus none in p.p group.It was a significant difference (P = 0.03).Also there were a significant difference between tow groups about heavy menstruation after 1 and 3 months (P < 0.03). It was more frequent in control group.Dismenorrhea after 1 month was more frequent in control group related with p.p group (15.7% versus 3.9%). This difference was significant (P = 0.005). Perforation and expulsion rates was similar in both groups.

This is a clinical trial study which was conducted to determine average menopausal age and the incidence of her complication before and after treatment.it is comprised of 200 menopausal women who were divided between tow groups according to the treatment schedule. The subjects were selected by population proportion and random sampling and they were tested for routine hormonal assay and clinical evolution.The questioner were completed for several times, before, 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment results showed that the average age were (m = 48.2 ± 3.7).There were significant relationship between hot flush, urogenital complications, mood disturbances and osteoporosis before and after hormon replacement therapy in group 1 (p = 0.000) but there was nosignificant relationship between above complications before and after treatment in group 2 and this difference was not shown until 3 months after treatment (p = 0.000).

For comparing the role of single dose of Metronidazole versus ceftizoxim as a standard, in prophylaxis of infection in the abdominal hysterectomy, a randomized clinical trial was done on 68 cases of elective abdominal hysterectomy in Mirsa Kochak Chan Hospital. After informed patients about study, they randomized undergoing received intra vaginal Metronidazole suppositories (1 gram) (34 cases) or intravenous ceftizoxim before surgery (34 cases). 4 cases of Metronidazole group and one of ceftizoxime exit the study because of some sterility problem during operation.There weren't any statistically significant differences between two group about age, weight, parity, during of hospitalization and Hemoglobine before operation, the kind of Incision, remove the Adenexa, duration of operation and the amount of bleeding in operation time. The method of repair of cuff was different between two group (p < 0.005). The complications after abdominal hysterctomy such as febrile morbidlity, urinary tract infection and wound infection weren't statistically significant different.It has been showed that metronidazole as a single dose prophylaxis in abdominal hysterectomy, is similar to ceftizoxim as standard prophylaxis.

This research has been done in 100 patient with diagnosis of pelvic mass, since winter 1376 to spring 1378, in Amir and Emdad hospital were confined to bed and operation. This study is cross sectional.After the confined to bed, the biography and evaluation of tumor-makers "include CA125- aFp-BHCG-LDH, these tests have been done by Elyza except LDH by simple biochemistry", the surgical operation was done on the patient. After finding the answer of pathology, the –comparison among diagnosis before surgical operation with final diagnosis to calculate the sensitiveness of sonography and tumormarkers.The results of research show that in 100 patient considered. The origin of 67 masses were of ovary and 21 of uterine, That 17 masses were leiomyoma, and 12 masses were except of ovary and uterine. 74% masses were in Reprudactive age. More of 90% masses were benign. We had only 6% malignancy that they were seen more in prepubertal ages (100% malignancy) and menopause ages (25% malignancy). In this study the sensitiveness of sonography at diagnosis of benign masses: was above 90% and about the malignancies masses however there were few patients, may be the accuracy of calculation was little. (50%).We conclude that sonography as a cheap and accessible facility with high sensitiveness, specifically in Benign masses is useful at diagnosis before operation of pelvic mass. Also to asses the tumor markers at diagnosis of distinct of masses is useful. In this study, we control the ratio of tumor markers, at each malignancies, the ratio was high with regard to the kind of mass. Meanwhile, It was very high at comparison with natural quantities and benign causes (In two pt's with serouscystadeno carcinoma, CA125 was above   200 u/ml and in pt's with Endodermal sinus tumor, afp was 268 ng/ml, since tumor marker increase in benign causes. So the measure of tumor markers, alone is not enough for distinction of benign mass from malignancy in study befor operation.Therefore to take the biography and accurate physical examination by doing sonography and tumor markers, altogether, they are advantage at intime recovery of surgical Indication.

Incidence of infertility is high (15-20%), so developing of new methods of evaluation and treatment is valuable. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is one of new methods of treatment for severe male factor (which is main indication). Male factor is the most important factor which influences results, but other factor may have some effect. In this study the factors which may affect results (especially female age) were studied. In spite of other studies, in this study, women were classified by presence of infertility inducing factors. By comparing female in betar HCG positive and negative patients, we concluded that if we choose couples who have only severe male factors and female is healthy, female age affects results. That means by increasing female age, the chance of pregnancy decreases. This is not true in females with some pathology dependent to infertility. It seems that female age only in healthy women is an important parameter in treatment outcome.

Ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal gestation and occurs when the fertilised ovum becomes implanted in tissue other than the endometrium more than 95% of ectopic pregnancy involve the oviduct.The risk of death from an extrauterin pregnancy is 10 times grether than that for a vaginal delivery and prognosis for successful subsequent pregnancy reduced significantly in this women. Etiology include mechanical and functional factors. The patient that presented had a 20 weeks tubal pregnancy that ruptured with a deep respiration and hemoraged in her abdominal cavity.

Nifedipine is a type II calcium channel blocker that is widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders in nonpregnant individual. Over recent years, it is widely used for the management of hypertension in pregnancy and preterm labor. This Literature review its safety and efficacy, side effect on fetus and mother. Because it is given orally and low side effect, nifedipine is a safe drug in pregnancy but larger trials are required for use of nifedipine in routine ard wide clinical practice.