Iranian Journal of Polymer Science and Technology
Year:2000 | Volume:13 | Issue:2 (ISSUE NO.48)|Papers Count:7

The paper discusses the investigation of dyeability of blend fibers obtained from polypropylene and polyethylene terephthalate. For this purpose, pp fibers and blend fibers (different weight percent of PET in PP) were dyed with a disperse dye. Results from SEM, optical and morphological investigations indicate good dispersion of PET in PP matrix. Also by dyeing the fibers blended with PET, dyeable fibers can be obtained.

Several new poly(benzimidazole-co-urea)s were synthesized. In the first step; by reaction between different tetraamines and p-aminobenzoic acid or o-aminobenzoic acid some heterocyclic diamines were obtained. In the second step, these diamines, and two different diisocyanates were used and the produced copolymers were characterized for structural determinations. The two model compounds exhibited or showed some characteristics attributed to polymers, which were confirmed and characterized by IR and 1HNMR.Heat resistance of our copolymers was lower in comparison to benzimidazole, but higher in comparison to polyureas. The solubilities, UV absorption, inherent viscosity and thermal analysis of copolymers were studied as well.

The objective of this study was to investigate the rheological behaviour of drilling fluid prepared by mixing DRISP AC LOT#1104 polymer with water base mud at different concentrations. The effect of polymer addition on the two rheological models, namely power law and Bingham plastic was also investigated. The addition of polymer enhances the plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity, yield point, and the gel strength of the studied polymer muds. In addition, this polymer induces the pseudoplastic property model, while the power law model works better for two different ranges of shear rates.

Desizing, boiling off and bleaching sequentially form the conventional route for the pretreatment of 100% grey cotton fabrics.Simultaneous boiling off and bleaching can reduce the pretreatment costs as well as the environmental problems related to the sewage resulting from these treatments. In this paper, the effect of simultaneous boiling off and bleaching with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide as well as sodium hypochlorite and sodium carbonate on the degree of whiteness of 100% grey cotton fabric is studied. The amount of starch size left behind after this simultaneous pretreatment is also determined.

Disperse dyes are the most important dyestuff for dyeing of polyester fiber which can be applied by the carrier, high pressure and thermofix methods. In this research, the polyester fabrics are irradiated by microwave radiation and then dyed in open vessels. Besides, the results of dyeing of fabrics by microwave were compared with usual dyeing methods. Although the pretreatment of polyester fabrics do not affect the dyeing yield, but dyeing by microwave leads to better dye absorption and increases the dyeing rate in comparison with usual dyeing method.

The inorganic salt which is formed during the acid treatment of alkaline catalysis, used for the preparation of polyethylene glycol is removed by filtration process. Although such treatment is expected to remove most of the inorganic salts some remain which are generally finely dispersed in the compound. This remaining salt is known as ash and may be present in proportions of up to 0.3% by weight. Although this is not troublesome in many applications, for example, when the compound is used as a lubricant, the inorganic salt may sediment out during use and the sedimentation may cause serious problems. In this research, for preparation of PEG with low ash content, after completion of the first stage of the reaction the product was treated with on acid to neutralize the alkali catalyst and subsequently treating with a lower aliphatic alcohol on glycol to remove the suspended solid material and the alcohol or glycol from compound and determined the ash content and selected solvent as well. The results show that 10% by weight of methanol reduce the ash content to 0.01%.

The world production of basic polymers, a share of each polymer's consumption and the share of worlds consumption of these polymers are introduced. The net trading of basic polymers in the Western Europe, Asia, Middle East and Iran, is also presented. At the end, the number of consuming industrial units for polymer materials and prospects for leveling-up capacity in the basic polymer products in Iran are discussed.