PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2008 | Volume:4 | Issue:1|Papers Count:8

This research follows two main aims which are Identification of the Job Stressors and the investigation of simple and multiple correlations of job stressors with Job Satisfaction. A questionnaire containing variables of job stressors with 96items was constructed to materialize the first aim of this study. 200 subjects who were selected via a stratified random sampling method, filled the questionnaire. A factor analysis of data extracted four job stressors with 57 items. These factors were named, Organizational injustice, Interpersonal and group conflicts, Poor management styles and Role stress. In the next step, the simple and multiple correlation of the extracted job stressors with job Satisfaction in a sample consisting 200 subjects were investigated. The results of simple correlations indicate that these factors have significant negative correlation with global job Satisfaction and its components. Results of a multiple regression analysis also showed that Job Stressors had significant multiple correlations with global job significant.

Psychological and psychobiological research has taken about pleasure are not so much, meanwhile the research has taken about pain and distress are comparatively abundant. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical pleasure, positive and negative effect in Isfahan University students. Using correlation research design, 80 subjects (33 males and 47 females) were selected among Isfahan University students based on cluster random sampling. The Physical Pleasure Scale made by researchers assessed physical pleasure. Participants were responding this scale in 15 successive days. The Positive and Negative Affect Scale (Watson et al., 1988) evaluated positive and negative effect. The results were analyzed by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The results of the study showed that whatever students had more physical pleasure, their positive affect was greater. Also, "pleasure of goods" significantly correlated with past and general positive affect. It could significantly predicted 6.8% of general positive affect (p<0.05). However, there was no relationship between physical pleasure and negative effect. It seems that positive effects are different topic from the mere satisfaction of physical needs. Probably, those activities that are not necessarily for satisfying the physical needs could provoke positive effects.

 To investigate the relations between secondary trait of personality with performance and entrepreneurial predisposition, 326 students were randomly selected from faculties of Tabriz University. From Human sciences major fields such as: psychology, English language, economics and education. From Engineering: civil, electronic, computer and agriculture, from basic sciences: Mathematics, chemistry, physics and biology were selected. The sample included senior students of both genders. Method of research was survey and the instruments were: Ratter's locus of control test, Entrepreneur performance Questionnaire, Entrepreneur Quoteint Questionnair (entrepreneur aptitude), Entrepreneur comprehensive Questionnaire (secondary traits) and demographic data. Results showed: there were significant differences between subjects with high and low entrepreneurial aptitude and performance in secondary traits of achievement need, independence need, innovation need, risk taking, and decision-making. But there were no significant differences in tolerance of ambiguity and locus of control.

Many studies showed that negative emotions and social inhibition have a positive relation with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD). We designed this study to assess if there is any correlation between development of CHD and experience of anxiety, depression, anger, hostility and social inhibition and their interaction with gender factor. Eighty CHD patients were consecutively selected (40 males and 40 Females) to be compared with 80 random healthy persons (40 males and 40 females) upon their experience of negative emotions and social inhibition. We used "NEO Personality Inventory and General Health Questionnaire for demographic properties" to collect needed information about previously mentioned variables in each group. The results showed that the rate of experienced negative emotions and their inhibition in social interactions have a significant difference between CHD patients and normal group. We found that the anger and the hostility are risk factors for CHD development in both males and females, but they play this role in different ways; as direct expression of anger and its intensity is a risk factor for males, while its suppression is a risk factor for females. Comparing the males with the females within the CHD group, showed that there is a positive relationship between depression and occurrence of coronary heart disease in women, but sex makes no significant difference in CHD incidence associated with experienced anxiety.

The aim of present study was to investigate automatic and controlled information processing and the effects of antidepressant drugs on these variables in major depression disorder. In this research, 30 persons with major depression disorder who were taking antidepressant drugs and 30 persons with major depression disorder who were not taking antidepressant drugs in recent month and 30 persons from personnel of Mohaghegh Ardebili university as general population have been randomly selected and were asked to answer to Beck Depression Inventory (Beck et al, 1988), word competition test (Jacoby, Toth and yohelinas, 1993) and words association subscale of Wechsler memory scale (wechsler, 1997). Obtained data were analysed by one way analysis of variance and LSD as post hoc test. The results of this research indicated that there was no significant difference between two depressed groups and normal group in automatic processing. But two depressed groups had poor controlled processing than normal group. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between two depressed groups in information processing.

The role of stress in the development and the intensity of mental disorders has been the topic of considerable research in the last few years. Thus, DSM-IV- TR has devoted Axis IV to these types of factors.In this research 382 university students, from various regions of Ahvaz province were randomly selected and Perception of Stressful Life Events were completed by each student. Data was analysed by factor analysis, through varimax rotation and the stressful events among the student body of Ahvaz universities were found out. The result off actor analysis showed that in addition to the stressful events listed on DSMIV- TR, Iranian students experience other events such as physical appearance, achievement of optimal goals, military service, care accidents and pregnancy as stressful events.

Schizotypal and borderline personalities, as borderline states of psychosis, are more vulnerable to psychosis. So, these disorders can be overlapped with together. The present study explored the possibility that schizotypal and borderline features are significantly related together among non clinical samples. A group of 749 normal participants (380 male and 369 female from colleges of Shiraz University) took part in this research. Participants answered to schizotypal personality (ST A) and borderline personality (STB) scales. Using the multivariate regression analysis model, results indicate that all three components of borderline personality (hopelessness, Impulsivity, stress related paranoid/dissociative symptoms factors) significantly predict schizotypal personality. It was, also revealed that only two components of schizotypal personality (unusual perceptual experiences and paranoid suspiciousness/social anxiety factors) significantly predict borderline personality, but magical thinking factor was not predictable factor in this relation. Results were discussed in light of previous research results and showing that overlapping between borderline and schizotypal personalities indicated serious problem in these two personalities studies and research context.