PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2011 | Volume:7 | Issue:2|Papers Count:8

The purpose of this study was to compare quantity and quality use of internet in relation to mental health and academic achievement of high school students in Tehran. For this purpose 250 students (124 males and 126 female) were selected through cluster random sampling method. The data were collected by general health (G.H.Q.28) and use of internet Almetrof Questionnaires. For analysis of academic achievement the GPA of first academic term was used. The data were analyzed by the correlation coefficient, on way analysis of variance, Scheffe comparison and independent t-Test. The results indicated that there was a meaningful negative correlation between quantity use of internet in relation to mental health and academic achievement. Also we found negative correlation between connection and entertainment use of internet with mental health and academic achievement. There was no difference between two sexes in the quantity (low, medium, and high hours) and quality (instruction, research, relation and entertainment) use of internet.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of cognitive- Behavioral, Islamic and Transactional Analysis couple therapy on Self - Knowledge of incompatible couples. The research design was quasi experimental with pre-test and post-test and control group. The research samples consisted of 90 couples as experiment group and 30 couples as control group that selected randomly from couples who referred to family courts or Tabriz consulting clinics and centers. The experimental groups participated in 10-12 sessions of cognitive- Behavioral, Islamic and Transactional Analysis couple therapy. The results of analysis of covariance showed that cognitive - Behavioral, Islamic and Transactional Analysis couple therapy increased Self - Knowledge of incompatible couples and Islamic couple therapy was more effective than cognitive - Behavioral and Transactional analysis couple therapy.

The purpose of the present study was investigation of the effectiveness of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach with relapse-remitting MS patients on improvement of patients' mental health and social support. The research design in this study was pre-test, post-test qui-experimental method with control group. The statistical population of this research was included relapseremitting MS patients of 20-35 years old referring to Iranian MS Society who resided in Tehran. Sampling was done by selecting 50 volunteer patients who answered to MHI and MSSS scales of MSQLI inventory, consequently, 24 subjects with the lowest level of mental health and social support were selected. They were randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. Experimental group attended 10 sessions of group counseling based on Lazarus multimodal approach that lasted nearly 75-90 minutes and hold once a week. Collecting data were analyzed by using "t" test. The finding of research indicated that intervention was effective on improvement of "mental health" and "social support" increased in posttest of experimental group (p<0.05).

The purpose of this study was to compare personality of crash-involved and non-crash-involved drivers. Comparative-causative method was used in this research. 208 non-crash-involved drivers and 201crash-involved ones were in this study.34 of the latter one who had experienced more than 3 accidents, were selected randomly. The research instrument was Personality Trait Questionnaire for driving. The comparison was carried out using T-test. Findings showed there was no difference between crash-involved drivers (those with one and more) and non-crash-involved ones (more than 3 years) in any personality subscales. Also the results indicated that crashinvolved drivers (those with 4 times and more accidents) had less emotional stability and self-control than noncrash- involved ones (more than 5 years). However there was no difference in terms of sensation seeking and the sense of social responsibility between two groups. Realizing the personality variables affecting driving crashes will help the authorities concerned to diagnose and treat the crash-involved drivers.

The aim of the present study was to study of the effect of positive and negative schizotypal personality features in cognitive behavior therapy of OCD. Thirty adults with OCD in three groups (pure OCD, OCD with positive schizotypal personality, OCD with negative schizotypal personality), selected availably from therapeutic centers of Tabriz. Participants received 12 sessions of weekly cognitive behavior therapy. Participants answered to schizotypal personality scale (STA), schizotypal personality questionnaire Brief (SPQ-B), Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) and Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis 1 Disorders (SCID-1). Data were analyzed using ANCOVA analysis of variance. Findings revealed that elevated scores in the positive schizotypal scales were highly predictive for treatment failure. Responders to treatment and non-responders did not significantly differ on scores in negative schizotypal scales. It is concluded that positive and negative schizotypal traits have different effect on treatment outcome of OCD. According to results, necessity of differences between positive and negative features of schizotypal personality must be emphasized in treatment outcome studies in case of OCD.

The main purpose of this study of comparative causative was to determine the effects of religious attitude and sensation seeking on marital adjustment of married teachers in Pakdasht city. For this purpose 325 married school teachers were selected using the classified random sampling technique. Instruments were consisted of Questionnaires khodayarifard, religious attitude (1378), Zuckerman sensation seeking form V (1978), Spanier marital adjustment (1976). For data analysis, univariate analysis of variance, bivariate analysis of variance and independent T were used. Results showed that, overall, religious attitude had no significant effect on marital adjustment. As far as sensation seeking was concerned, only the sensation and adventure seeking component was significantly correlated with marital adjustment and the dyadic cohesion of disinhibition was significantly correlated with the affectional adjustment component. Furthermore, a significant interaction effect was found between religious attitude and sensation seeking on marital adjustment. There was a significant sex difference in that women expressed stronger religious attitudes than men.

The purpose of the present study was to investigated the relationship between Religious orientation and hardiness, among girls and boys in university students.132 university students were randomly selected using cluster sampling from Islamic Azad University. The Alport Religious orientation Scale (AROS) and Personal views Survey (PVS) were used. After administrating the questionnaires, considered the relationship between religious orientation (intrinsic / extrinsic) and hardiness. Results indicated that religious orientation (extrinsic) and hardiness were significantly associated and negatively correlated, as university students with intrinsic religious orientation, have greater hardiness than university students with extrinsic religious orientation. Also results showed that there was significant difference between religious orientation among girls and boys, as girls versus boys have more intrinsic religious orientation. Also there was significant difference between hardiness among girls and boys, as girls students have a greater hardiness than boys.