PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDIES
Year:2012 | Volume:8 | Issue:1 (29)|Papers Count:15

In this quasi-experimental study, the efficacy of group logotherapy in reducing hopelessness among the spinal cord injury handicapped, after the zarand earthquake, was investigated. The statistical population included the whole spinal cord injuryed handicapps in zarand. They were selected using a simple random sampling procedure (12experimental and 12 controls). The instrument used was Beck 20 – item hopelessness inventory. The statistical method used to show the difference between the groups was the t-student test. In this study, six hypotheses involving the various hopelessness dimensions and overall score in the context of group logo therapy were examined. Results indicated that the t-test for hopelessness in reaching one's goals, about the future ,attitude toward the future, the life perspective, trust in future, and the overall score were -3.512, -4.862, -2.555, -3.471, -0.242, and -8.685 respectively. Thus all the hypothess, except hypothesis 5, were statistically confirmed. The findings revealed that group logo therapy is an effective therapeutic method in reducing hopelessness among the spinal cord injuryed handicapps.

The purpose of present study was to predict women's vulnerability (family's women's supervisor) against stress based on ratio of social support and coping strategies with stress and locus of control. Descriptive- correlation method was used in this direction. 250 women were selected in Shiraz city. They were selected with simple randomly method. For collecting data questionnaires such as Khodayari Fard's stress symptoms, Lazarus and Folkman's coping strategies, Rutter's locus of control and Duck social support had been used. Obtained data were analyzed by using multiple regression method in SPSS software. Obtained results indicated that coping styles variables (escape- avoidance, meeting and seeking social support) and social support variables were able to predict the interaction with each other and significant criteria variable changes separately (vulnerability against stress).

The aim of the present study was validation and standardization of Friedben Test Anxiety Scale (FTA) in Shahid Beheshti university students. For this aim, 328 students were selected from population of students of Shahid Beheshti university of Tehran through randomly sampling method. Exploratory factor analysis was applied in order to analyze the data and to explore the scale components. Reliability was estimated using, Cronbach alpha. Also factor analysis was used to explore the test components. The results revealed satisfactory internal consistency as measured by Cronbach alpha coefficient (0.83 to 0.90). Factorial structure of Friedben test Anxiety scale obtained based on exploratory factor analysis and principal components analysis with using Varimax rotation. Results of Data analysis showed reasonable correlation between all questions to the scales and there was no need to omit or changing any questions. In factor analysis established none of all the 23 items which were analyzed, were not correlated less than 0.3. The Persian form of Friedben Test Anxiety Scale (FTA) consisting 3 factors and 23 items. So we can conclude that Friedben Anxiety Scale has good validity and reliability in Iranian University students and applicable in various research areas in Test Anxiety.

The present study was conducted aiming at reviewing, through a survey, the relation of thinking styles with creativity. This research was performed with descriptive-correlation method. Statistical population of the study included male and female students of Payam-e-noor University of Tehran Center of about 139000 students ,53% of them females and 47% males. Having the sample size determined using Koucran Method; a sample of 300 students – 160 females and 140 males – were selected, using stratified-cluster sampling method. The instruments were Sternberg-Wagner’s Thinking Style questionnaire and Torrance’s’ Creativity questionnaire, and to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, coefficient and stepwise regression methods were used. Regression analysis shows a positive relation between, judicial, legislative, internal and liberal thinking styles to creativity but a negative relation between monarchic and conservative and general thinking styles with creativity. Dimension of thinking styles contributed to the prediction creativity.Conclusion: thinking styles were correlated with creativity, and this must be considered in scientific studies and training tactics.

The purpose of the study was to investigate the performance of the auditory and visual memory with different anxiety levels. Seventy-eight undergraduate students in Shiraz University participated in the study. The subjects first answered the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire and, based on their anxiety scores, were categorized in four groups; namely, non-anxiety, low anxiety, moderate anxiety, and high anxiety students. All subjects were exposed to a self-threat program. Then they were given two auditory and visual memory tasks. For data analysis, ANOVA was applied. The results indicated that anxiety affected auditory memory only and that the difference was observed between moderate and high anxiety groups. The findings show that the negative effects of anxiety on the performance of tasks with phonological processes involving working memory are more compared with those in visual tasks. Since the moderate anxiety group had the best performance on auditory tasks, it can be argued that an optimum level of arousal could help with a better performance.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of pain on Life Dimensions in people with Multiple Sclerosis. The population was included all Multiple Sclerosis patients referred to MS association in Isfahan city in 2008. The sample (n=237) was selected by convenience sampling method. Demographic information related to pain questionnaire and Multidimensional pain inventory were administrated. The data were analyzed by SPSS16 software using T and Z test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis. Results indicated that pain effect on life dimensions in multiple sclerosis patients caused low control of life, interference in daily living, affective distress and punishing reaction by others. The results showed the importance role of pain on life dimensions in multiple sclerosis patients. So understanding of chronic pain in this population may facilitate early identification for timely intervention and minimize pain-related disability.

The purpose of this study was to test the role of equity perception in marital quality. The subjects of the study were 300 married employees (men=138, women=162) in Ahvaz organizations. Participants completed Measure of Equity Perception (MEP) and Measure of Marital Quality (MMQ). The tested model had a good fit. Based on the tested structural equation modeling equity perception was predictive of positive quality. The result obtained and the model presented in this study was discussed in terms of their educational implications on equity.