Internal Medicine Today
Year:2005 | Volume:11 | Issue:3|Papers Count:12

Background and Aim: Aflatoxin are toxic mold metabolites produced by toxogenic strains Aspergillus species They have an important role in the occurrence of a number of human disease such as liver cancer, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis The aim of this study was to determine the quality of aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized Milk samples.Materials and Methods: In this cross-section study 90 samples of pasteurized Milk (45 samples in autumn and winter and 45 ones in spring and summer) were randomly selected from dairy plants and test for Aflatoxin M1 contamination by Eliza method.Results: 34 samples (75, 55%) out of 45 obtained in autumn and winter and 18 samples (40%) of 45 obtained in spring and summer were higher than the maximum tolerance limit (50 ng/L) accepted by some European countries. Statistical evaluation showed that mean contamination level of AFMI in autumn and winter samples were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of spring and summer.Conclusion: A high percentage of samples were not in accordance with the current standards regarding the hygienic quality. AFMI is resistance to the temperature used during the pasteurization procedure.There is no official standard level for AFM1 in Milk and Milk products in Iran and it is necessary to keep away the food stuffs from fungul contamination.

Background and Aim: Predicting difficult laryngoscopic view and intubation is an essential problem in anesthesiology. In this study diagnostic value of stemomental distance measurement is assessed. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, in 500 patients 15 to 65 years old who were planned for general anesthesia, stemomental distance, difficult larangoscopic view, difficult intubation and Association of stemomental distance with variables were determined.Results: Mean (±SD) stemomental distance was 16.7±2.3cm. Stemomental distance was significantly correlated with sex (p< 0.001), age (p< 0.001), difficult laryngoscopic view (III or IV grade) (p<0.001) and difficult intubation (p< 0.001). 15.5 was the selected cut point for stemomental distance. The diagnostic value of stemomental distance in predicting difficult laryngoscopic view and intubation were: sensitivity: 79.2, 77.4; specificity: 68.1,68.7; positive predictive value: 11.1, 14; negative predictive value: 98.5, 97.9, respectively.Conclusion: measuring the stemomental distance as a predictor in difficult laryngoscopic view and intubations is helpful but not sufficient.

Background and Aim: Vibrio spp are halophilic bacteria that predominantly reside in lakes and marines. Some species are responsible intestinal diseases and extra – intestinal complications. In this study, the occurrence of Vibrio spp in the sea waters of Golestan province was investigated.Materials and Methods: For primary isolation, sea water samples were transferee into APW and TCBS agar media. Following primary isolation, species identification was performed by biochemical tests.Results: A total of 7 different vibrio species were isolated from sea water which included V.vulnificus, V.Parahaemolyticus, V.alginolyticus, V.fischeri. V.natriegens, V.harveyi and V.damsela.Conclusion: The reason of different isolated vibrio to isolated selective samples was more than one and sometimes more colony on TCBS environment. Actually one sea water sample from each culture, several vibrio species were selected by biochemical tests. 

Background and Aim: Myopia is the most common refractive error in the Asia. Finding about myopia progression and growth of globe in childhood due to rapid change of eyeball is very little. This study was done to determine prevalence and risk factor of myopia.Materials and Methods: To determine prevalence and risk factors of myopia in rural places of Birjand in random cluster sampling, 326 people (650 eyes) from 4 rural places of Birjand enrolled in this study. The all resident who have more than 5 years and was able to cooperate in biomicroscopic examination of eye and no history of intraocular surgery or eye diseases, participate in this study. The results achieved from above examinations along with demographic data were written in questionnaires and analyzed statistically. (Prevalence, Mean and Standard deviation, X2, t-test).Results: This study showed that %25.5 of participant had myopia, %41.3 emetropia, and %33.1 hyperopia .The prevalence of myopia was equal in both eyes. There was statistical significant relation Between refractive errors and age (p=0/001).The prevalence of myopia in the age range of 5-14 years increasingly and in the age range of 25-40 years reached to maximum, but there was no relation ship between refractive errors and corneal curvature. Also there was not statistical significant relation ship, the mean corneal curvature according to sex & near work in the right and left eyes has not statistical significant relation.Conclusion: The myopia has not any relation with corneal curvature but it has a statically significant relation with near work.

Background and Aim: CAD is one of the most common causes of adult mortality and atherosclerosis is the most common cause of CAD. Some well known factors accelerate the atherosclerosis process such as: Diabetes mellitus, Hyperlipidemia, Hypertension and Smoking. Recently, some investigators interested on relationship between iron body stores and atherosclerosis.Materials and Methods: 80 patients (22 women, 58 men) with known IHD (Myocardial Infarction) were selected and body iron stores were estimated by titration of serum iron and ferritin and TIBC.Results: According to This research. Patients with atherosclerosis had no higher iron stores and there was not a meaning full relationship between Iron body stores and atherosclerosis.Conclusion: In base of our study, iron body stores hasn't clear interrelationship with atherosclerosis (ATS) process.

Background: Burst fractures account nearly 15% of spine injuries most frequently seen in dorsolumbar region. Instability is one major factor that cause spinal cord injury or deformity and worsen prognosis, thus it is important in burst fractures to determine instability because this can leads us in proper selection of treatment and forecasting prognosis. Proper treatment in unstable burst fractures is surgery (Open redaction and instrumentation) to change it to stable spine. The aim of this study was evaluation of the radiographic outcome in the surgery of unstable burst fractures.Material and methods: From 2002 -2005, 500 patients with unstable burst fractures in Shahid kamiab hospital were studied.14 patients were female (28%) and 36 patients were male(72 %). mean age was 34.76 years (14 to 63 years). mean follow up was 2.56 years (1.2 - 4 years).Results: most common site of fracture was L1 (25 cases 50 %) mean time from admission to surgery was 12.31 (2 to 33 days >mean anterior height of vertebra before surgery was 2 0.53± 4.5 mm and after surgery 32.65±4.3 mm (mean correction 34 %). mean posterior height of vertebra before surgery was 31.5±3.75 mm and after surgery 33.25±4.6 mm (mean correction 15 % ). Mean angulation of vertebra before surgery was 20.52±4.5 mm and after surgery 32.65± 4.3 mm (mean correction 48 %). D.V.T in 5 cases (16 %), rod or screw breakage in 2 cases (4%) Infection in I case (2 %) was seen. in 48 cases CD system was used for instrumentation and in 2 cases distraction Harrington system was used. All cases had fusion after 1 year.Conclusion: In unstable burst fracture of vertebra in dorsolumbar region, surgical treatment using indirect reduction and instrumentation plus bone grafting results in stability of spine and fusion.

Introduction: Eagle syndrome is an aggregate of symptoms including recurrent throat pain, foreign body sensation, dysphasia and facial pain as a direct result of an elongated styloid process or calcified styloid ligament. The etiology is indefinitely understood and several theories have been proposed. The pathophysiological mechanism of symptoms is debated as well. Diagnosis based on physical exam and imaging studies. Treatment is including surgery and/or non surgery ones.A case report of dysphagia and painful swallowing that has been finally diagnosed as Eagle syndrome is presented and discussed.

Background and Aim: Nowadays, to evaluate the physical and health growth of children, the measurements such as height and weight are used all around the world, due to the simplicity of these measurements. This study was performed to provide the curves of weight and height of 0-2 year's old children in Jahrom, Southeastern Iran.Materials and Methods: In a prospective study, 597 children born in Jahrom entered our study from April 2001 to December 2002. The height and weight of these children were recorded 18 times from one month to two years of age. In order to fit appropriate models for infant growth, HRY method was used to estimate age related smoothed centiles. This method was implemented for the World Health Organization as GROSTAT computer package.Results: The mean weights of male newborns, except one month age, were more than female ones. Before two months of age and among two years olds, there was no significant difference between the weight of male and female newborns. The mean height of male newborns, except in one month of age, was more than females. No more than cubic polynomials were needed to fit height-for-age and weight-for-age smoothly for infants. The height of male and female newborns showed an increase by age up to two years. The weight of male and female newborns also increased by age but the speed of increase to six months was more than that of six months to two years of age.Conclusion: The results showed that all heights and weights of less than two years old children in Jahrom were lower than NCHS, providing and establishment of a standard curve for this region seems necessary. If NCHS measurements are used, some children may be considered thinner or shorter for no reason.

Background and Aim: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is one of the most common of the mental disorder that influences all aspects of life. The aim of this study is to Measure the knowledge rate and attitude level of people in Gonabad.Materials and Methods: The samples of this descriptive - analytical study were people who received services from health services centers of Gonabad on 1384 that were selected randomly. This descriptive - analytic study was performed on 252 randomly selected people in Gonabad.Results: The result showed that %50/4 people had weak knowledge toward obsessive compulsive disorder and it showed %75.4 had good attitude toward this disorder.% 77 Of the samples had weak knowledge to sign and symptoms of OCD , %84/9 to etiology, %94.8 to treatment had weak knowledge.Conclusion: The x2 was showed that there is not a meaningful relationship between knowledge and attitude with demographic data. But knowledge rate showed meaningful differences between education degree.

Background and Aim: Hemophilic patients are at risk of several blood born diseases such as viral hepatitis (A, B, C), HIV infection due to several transfusion events during their life. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of HCV infection and related viremia in hemophilic patients in our region.Materials and Methods: 80 out of 400 hemophilic patients, registered in Khorasan hemophilia Society were evaluated. The case studies were selected randomly. The second generation of ELISA kit was used for evaluating anti HCV in serum. The positive ELISA results were confirmed using Western Blot method. Viremia was evaluated using RT-PCR method in anti HCV positive patients.Results: Our results showed that 44 (55%) out of 80 were anti HCV positive, 25(56%) of whom, had viremia. Our results showed a significant relation between HCV infection with kind of hemophilia (P=0.044) and its severity (P=0.033).Conclusion: As the prevalence of HCV infection in our study group was high, screening of all hemophilic patients for HCV infection is recommended. Based on the results, the evaluation of viremia in HCV infected patients is advised too.