JOURNAL OF BABOL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES (JBUMS)
Year:2002 | Volume:4 | Issue:1 (13)|Papers Count:10

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Non Stress Test (NST) is the most common test before delivery that is done in some cases with probability of fetal distress. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of NST in cases with complaint of decreased fetal movement or decrease of amniotic fluid volume according to sonography report.METHODS: This cross- sectional study was done on 120 women referred to Bahonar hospital in Kerman. It was performed on all pregnant women with gestational age of 38-42 who complained of decrease of fetal movement and a decrease of amniotic fluid volume was reported in their sonography. FINDINGS: The result of NST in 64.1% of patients was nonreactive and in 35.9% was reactive. 41.7% of cases were with fetal distress during labor or delivery, of which 94.1% had nonreactive NST. The sensitivity and specificity of NST in cases with decrease of amniotic fluid were 89% and 74.5%, respectively and in cases with complaint of decreased fetal movement were 63.4% and 32%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Exact heart rate monitor in cases with complaint of decreased fetal movement or amniotic fluid volume and also with nonreactive NST is necessary

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There are different diagnostic and therapeutic methods for meniscus tears. For obtaining optimal results, the characteristics of each one should be known. This study was performed with regard to epidemiology, causes, diagnostic methods, surgery and after surgery treatments. They were evaluated with regard to effective factors in prognostic. METHODS: This descriptive and cross - sectional study was done according to information which obtained from patients files, interviewing and physical and radiographic examination. Final evaluation was done according to the score of patients' consent of treatment and average score of physical examination with regard to clinical symptoms.FINDINGS: 77% of patients were under 35 years old. 88% of patients were male and 43% were sportmen. Pain and locking were the most common complaint in 80% and 58% of cases respectively. Arthrography was the most common diagnostic procedure (72%) with accuracy rate of 93% for medial and 74% for lateral meniscus. The rate of pain, swelling, locking and instability before surgery were 80%, 15%, 52% and 33% respectively; which after surgery reduced to 7% , 0, 13% and 10% respectively.CONCLUSION: In patients with trauma of knee especially young sportsmen, presence of meniscus should be considered seriously. Arthrography was known as an accessible, easy and effective method for diagnosis of meniscus tear. The ideal methods for treatment were repair of meniscus tear and partial menisectomy respectively. Post operative Jones bandage immobilization for 2 to 4 weeks and postoperative physiotherapy for 10 to 25 sessions had the most effective results.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Despite of high mortality and morbidity of cesarean section (c/s) in comparison to normal vaginal delivery (NVD), it is on the rise in our country. Mortality and morbidity in emergency c/s is 2.3 times more than elective c/s. The objective of this study was evaluation of the frequency of emergency c/s and its complication METHODS: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was done on patients with emergency cesarean section in Yahyanejad hospital during first six months of 1999. Information was gathered by questionnaires from patients files. Then frequency, causes and complications of emergency cesarean section were surveyed.FINDINGS: Cesarean section was done on 703 cases. Of these, 402 (57%) cases were emergency c/s. The most common causes were fetal distress (30.8%). Repeated c/s (19.4%) and CPD (15.9%) were second and third causes of emergency c/s, respectively. The frequency of post operative anemia was 21.1%. 89.8% of women had post operative decrease of Hb (less than 2 mg/dl) and prevalence of fever was 13.9%. The most common complaint was leakage (39.8%).CONCLUSION: We should pay more attention to prenatal care, instruction of pregnant women and early diagnosis and treatment of abnormal cases during pregnancy and also the cause of c/s. So we can reduce the frequency of c/s especially emergency c/s.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was determination of the frequency of hirsutism among female students and its relationship with menstrual abnormality, acne, androgenetic alopecia, hypertrichosis and familial history of hirsutism.METHODS: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was done by using questionnaires. Data was analysed by chi- square test.FINDINGS: From all of 607 female students, 462 filled in questionnaires, that 31.6% of them had hirsutism. 306 (67%) were between 20-23 years old. Menstrual abnormality, acne, androgenic alopecia, hypertrichosis and familial history of hirsutism were seen in 38%, 49%, 34%, 28% and 28% of persons respectively that there was a significant relationship between the frequency of hirsutism and these subjects.CONCLUSION: With regard to a significant relationship between hirsutism and menstrual abnormality, acne, androgenic alopecia, hypertrichosis, familial history of hirsutism, after idiopathic and racial reasons must pay attention to polycystic ovary syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Fungal infection of external ear canal is a common and chronic disease that causes some complications. The objective of this study was to survey the fungal infections of external ear canal in Babol during 1999-2000. METHODS: This study was done on all patients in different ages with diagnosis of fungal infections of external ear canal. Biopsy was done by otoscope and then examined in mycology laboratory. Direct tests and culture were performed on samples for isolation of colony of fungi.FINDINGS: This study was done on 305 patients (216 were female and 89 were male). The most common fungi were aspergillus (54.8%) and A.Niger (59.9%) especially in women. The percentage of other isolated fungi was low.CONCLUSION: With regard to high prevalence of otomycosis, it is recommended to consider fungal infection of external ear canal in cases that primary treatment was not useful.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: In recent years, campylobacter is considered as a major cause of acute gastro- enteritis in human. This study was done to determine the incidence of campylobacter in children under the age of 7 with acute enteritis referred to Amirkola hospital.METHODS: This study was done on stool samples of children who were under 7 years old in Amirkola hospital and cultured and studied at eskirro special medium. Further, a questionnaire included primary information and characteristics of enteritis were filled in for each patient.FINDINGS: From 260 samples, 20 cases of campylobacter selected that 12 (4.6%) were positive for campylobacter jejuni and the most cases were observed in children under the age of 2.CONCLUSION: According to the results, the low incidence of these bacteria in this year may be related to sanitory measures because of epidemiology of paracholera gastro-enteritis.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Different methods as sonography have been used for determining uterus size. The objective of this study was to determine the normal size of uterus in reproductive age women by using sonography method. METHODS: This cross -sectional and descriptive study was done in Yahyanejad hospital during 1999-2000. This study was performed on 231 women (14-45 years old) who didn't have any abnormal finding in their uterus anatomy and pelvic pathology and also they didn't have abnormal uterus bleeding. Uterine sizes were determined by using Real - time abdominal ultrasonography. FINDING: The average of uterus size in all women was 86.6 49.6 40.6 mm and in nuliparity was 72.8 42.8 32.4 mm and in multiparity was 90.8 51.7 43 mm. The mean age of women and BMI was 31.7±4.6 and 24.7±4 kg/m2, respectively. There was a significant correlation between uterine size and parity and also the age of women (p<0.05). But, there was not a significant relationship between uterus size and BMI. CONCLUSION: According to the results, the normal uterus size in reproductive age women in comparison to other studies was more. By knowing normal uterus sizes, it will be possible to diagnose different uterine diseases by sonography.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Diagnosis of hyperthyroidism and graves disease are not difficult due to typical symptoms. Sometimes manifestations of this disease are unusual. So final clinical diagnosis is important. CASE: In this study, 10 cases with thyrotoxicosis along with unusual manifestations were surveyed. Of these, 6 cases were male and 4 cases were female. They were at the 17-68 age groups with the mean of 48.2. The frequency of unusual symptoms were as follows: general pruritis without skin lesion (3 cases), anorexia and vomiting (3 cases), hypokalemic paralysis (2 cases), dysphagia with recurrent pulmonary aspiration (1 case), pretibial myxedema (1 case) and means lerman scratch (1 case). This interval between the beginning of symptoms and final diagnosis was different from 10 to 120 days. The thyroid function test showed hyperthyroidism in all cases. Another underlying disorder was not detected. All symptoms of patients were removed after antithyroid drugs therapy except pretibial myxedema (1case) and exophthalmos (2 cases). There was no complication during 18 month antithyroid therapy after interruption of drug, relapse of disease was seen in 3 cases.CONCLUSION: With regard to different manifestation of thyrotoxicosis, this disease should be considered in differential diagnosis, especially in older age groups with gastrointestinal, cardiac, cutaneous and musculoskeletal complaints.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Infective endocarditis is a disease that causes vegetation on heart valves. Special form of that occurs by intravenous drug abuse and most of patients are young men. Crescentic glomerulonephritis is a rare complication of infective endocarditis that progresses to renal failure during few weeks to few months. CASE: A 40 year old man referred with edema, nausea, vomiting and dyspnea. Due to severe renal failure and hyperkalemia, acute hemodialysis was performed. With regard to fever and heart murmur, an echocardiography was done and a large vegetation on tricuspid valve was appeared. A kidney biopsy was done for determining the cause of renal failure. After a while it was determined that he was an intravenous drug abuser. Pathological report showed many fibrotic crescents and hemodialysis were started. CONCLUSION: With regard to glomerular lesions occurs in 22% of cases with infective endocarditis and since crescentic glomerulonephritis is the most uncommon and has the worst renal prognosis, a high clinical suspicion for renal involvement can help us for a better care of this organ.