Journal of Mashhad Dental School
Year:2002 | Volume:26 | Issue:1-2|Papers Count:14

Introduction: Sialolithiasis is the most common disease of salivary glands after infections. Sofar, different techniques have been performed for diagnosis of sialoliths (clinical examinations. plain film radiography and sialography). Recently, however, ultrasonography has been increasingly applied for detection of sialolithiasis.Materials and Methods: This study is a comparison of diagnostic accuracy between sialography and ultrasonography for evaluation of major salivary glands' calculi in 18 patients who were referred to Amir Alam hospital in Tehran. All patients were examined with an ultrasonic high resolution real-time system (kretz, combison 330, made in Austria) with a 7.5 MHZ sector scanner. Sialographic examination was performed in 14 patients (with urografin 76%).Results: Indicated that ultrasonography is a very helpful in procedure diagnosis of sialoliths. Therefore sialography will be as a complementary examination along with ultrasonography. In this study diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography was 100% (10 patients) and of sialography was 70% (7 patients).Conclusion: Whereas sonography is inexpensive, easy to perform, widely available, painless, harmless, non invasive and reproducible. Therefor, when sialolithiasis is suspected clinically. Ultrasonography must be considered as the first diagnostic procedure before performing any invasive techniques such as sialography.

Introduction: Common instruments have been used in root canal therapy are hand Stainless Still instruments. For the reason of difficulties in root canal preparation related to these instruments, the new generation of instruments from Ni-Ti alloys introduced. The purpose of this invitro study was to investigate of the quantity of debris extruded epically in straight canals by comparing conventional step-back technique and instrumentation using profile Rotary system at 3 different speeds: 1000rpm, 8000rpm and 24000rpm (Collection of these speeds were decreased with micromotor to 1/ 6rpm) and the relationship between the amount of extruded debris and length of the root canal. Materials and Methods: 200 Mature human teeth with minimum curve were randomly divided in to 4 groups and prepared using step-back instrumentation and profile 4% Taper series 29 rotary system at 3 different speeds 1000 rpm, 8000rpm and 24000rpm.Extruded debris through the apical foramen during instrumentation was collected on preweighted vials containing distilled water. Then the vials placed into a microoven at 150˚ to dry and then weighted again, the difference was recorded as the weight of the extruded debris.Eight control vials (2 for each group) were weighted and filled with distilled water, dried and reweighed.The mean weight of extruded debris for each group was statistically analysed. T student statistical with variance analysis were used in this study.Results: The results showed that step-back instrumentation (group 1) produced significantly more debris than the other groups and the difference in the amount of produced debris among groups 2,3,4 was not significant.The amount of extruded material increased in proportion to length of the canal that was significant in group 1but not significant in groups 2,3,4.Conclusion: step- back instrumentation (group 1) produced significantly more debris than the other groups.

Objective: The main purpose of this article is to report the oral hygiene and gingival status of the school children (7-11yrs) in Mashhad, Iran.Materials and Methods: We studied on a group consisted of 526.children, 114 aged 7yrs old106 aged 8yrs 106 aged 9, 84 aged 10 years and 117 aged 11yrs old. Inter examiner reliability were assessed (P>0.05). The simplified oral hygiene index (OHI: S) by Green and Vermillion was used and then interpreted as Good (0-1.2) fair (1.3-3.7), poor (3.8-6). The reason was to provide data comparable with the previous study by other investigators.Results: The results showed that about 76% of cases had fair oral hygiene, while 56% had >1 inflamed papilla. 44% had gingiva. 17% had good oral hygiene and only 7% had poor oral hygiene, and that the oral hygiene status change from good to poor with increasing the age. The gingival status also changes with increasing the age and 49% of children with inflamed papilla in age 7 yrs old increases to 73.5% in age 11yrs old.Conclusion: An oral health preventive programme is needed urgently for school children in Mashhad, IRAN.

Introduction: (cetylpyridinum is a cathionic antiseptic mouthwash of the quaternary am onium compounds group which has surface activity. His a cathoinic bacteriocid which is effective against both gram positive and gram negative bactria at the PH range of 5-10. In Iranian pharmaceutical market it is available in form of 2.5% solutions. This mouthwash is usually used to control superficial infections of mouth and pharynx. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate mucosal injuries resulted from cetylpyridinum.).Materials and Methods: (The study was performed on. 84 dental students of various years of dental course. Commereially available cetylpyridinum mouthwash of 2.5% and 0.025% concentration were used for either 1 or 3 minutes for up to 3 times day. clinical examination was performed on the 4th day and side effects of the medication was evaluated and recorded on specifically designed data forms.) Results and Conclusion: (For subjects who used 0.025% solutions for 1 minute, no mucosal change was noted in 89.6%of the subjects, 30.6% presented with taste dysfunction, 37.5% with burning sensation, 3.4% with whitening of mucose and 3.4% with erosion of mucosa.Of those who used 2.5% mouthwash for 1 minute, none remained unchanged, 73.7% reported taste dysfunction, 45.5% reported burning sensation and 9% of the subjects showed mucosal whitening and virtually all (100%) showed some mucosal erosions.Finally in the group of 2.5%mouthwash for 3 minutes, none remained unchange, 90% showed taste alteration, 100% showed burning sensation and mucosal whitening plus erosion.Conclusion: Thus we can conclude that mucosal damage result from use of this mouthwash depend on the concentration of mouthwash, duration of rinsing, frequency of rinsing and whether of not the mouth is rinsed with water following the use of mouthwash, and not depend on any Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Introduction: Plaque control is essential for prevention and treatment of gingivitis. Herval components have been used as an antiplaque agent in dentistry. The objective of this in-vitro study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a herbal dentifrice in a group of male adolescents in Mashhad.Materials and Methods: A double-blind study was designed to evaluate the effect of a dentifrice containing sage, chicory and siwak extract on dental bacterial Plaque in a group of 12 boys aged 13 years old.12 samples of their dental plaque were collected from the buccal surfaces of their anterior teeth. A disc diffusion method was used to test the bacterial sensitivities of the herbal and Placebo dentifrices.Results: The results showed that the antibacterial effect of the herbal dentifrice was significantly higher than the Placebo P<0.002 (13.63% more effective).When the antibacterial effects of these herbs were compared with Ampicilin and Teracylin, no significant difference was found.Conclusion: The antibacterial effect of the herbal dentifrice was 13.63% more effective compare to Placebo dentifrice.

Introduction: The objective of this study was assessing the insufficiencies, inefficiencies and ill-fitness of class, I, II partial dentures.Materials and Methods: In this study 100 patients including 89 females and 11 males, with R.P.D class I and II kennedy prepared in the faculty, were examined.Results: The following results were thereby obtained:1- 26% of prostheses was for upper and 74% was for lower jaw.2- 53% of prostheses were class I, and 47% class II.3- 32% of the individuals had not even used their prostheses for a week.4- Type of clasp and rest place: 69% R.P.I., 4% R.P.A., 26% combination clasp, and 1% circumferential clasp.5- Fitness of the total prostheses: 71% inappropriate and 29% appropriate.6- Rocking 17% and ridge atrophy 11%.7- Artificial teeth wear: 57% without wear, 35% low, and 8% high.8- Coincidence between C.R. and C.O. 27%; V.D.O.: 43% normal, 20% short, 37% high.9- Undercut and tilt in basic tooth: 74%with undercut and 26%without undercut; 15% destructive tilt.10- Clasps status: 52% improper, and 48% proper.11- Type of major connector and the percentage of its application: Ant-post. Bar 23% in upper jaw, Horse Shoe 3% in upper jaw, Lingual Plate 45% in lower jaw, Lingual Bar 29% in lower jaw.Conclusion: It was concluded that most insufficiencies were due to ill- fitness of the dentures (71%). ill- fitness of the frames were seen in 46% of the cases which was by itself the cause of ill-fitness of the base, recordings, and the V.D.O & CO.

Introduction: Dental and root caries are one of the disadvantages of removable pastial dentires. A selective population with 30-60 years old living in the mashhad were examined from the point of caries. Materials and Methods: 78 patients which worn 125 removable partial dentures for 3-4 years were examined to determine the relationship among removable partial denture, their design, age, sex, systemic disease, oral hygiene, dental caries and root caries of those patients.Results and Conclusion: The results showed that %70.5 higher prevalence of exposed root surface and %80.9 root caries, particularly on abutment teeth. In addition, root caries lesions on abutment surfaces were found to be larger and more active than those on nonabutment surfaces.

Introduction: The common instruments that have been used in root canal therapy were hand s.s instruments. For the difficulties in root canal preparation related to these instruments, the new generation of instruments from Ni-Ti alloys introduced.General aspects: The purpose of this study was the comparison between: the hand stain less stainless steel (s.s) and rotary profile Ni-Ti instruments in shaping the root canal.Materials and Methods: 100 human single root teeth were selected and divided in 2 groups, (each group; 50 samples). Before beginning the instrumentation, the radiographs were taken from 3 different views; buccolingual, proximal and coronal.In group 1 the teeth were instrumented by using hand k-file s.s instruments and stepback technique. In group 2. the teeth were instrumented by using rotary profile Ni-Ti instruments in the same way that manufacturer has suggested. After instrumentation the radiographs were digitalized by scanner and transportation and dentin removal compared between 2 groups by computerized software.Results: The teeth canals in group 2 remained significantly more centered and demonstrated less transportation and there was no significant difference in dentin removal between 2 groups.Conclusion: Over all the rotary profile Ni-Ti system is a good choice for preparation of the root canal.

Objective: This descriptive Study was performed to evaluate the oral hygiene level of the university students as a highly educated group.Materials and Methods: 242 university students consisting of 90 students of dentistry (49 male, 41 female) and 152 non dental students (Medicine, Pharmacology, Paramedical Sciences, (83male, 64 female) were selected randomly.A questionnaire was prepared for recording data and (Daily Brushing Frequency, Using the Dental Floss, mouth wash, tooth past) the subjects were examined in the section of Period ontology. Plaque Index (Oleary) and Gingival Index (Loe & Silness) were recorded.Results: results were analysed using T-test, Chi-Square Kruskal Wallis, and Fisher test.1- P.I. of dental students was significantly less than non-dental students.2- Non- dental students show a significant decrease in P.I with increasing year 6f education but it was not the case with dental students.3- P.I. was lower in females than in males.4.-The G.I was significantly lower in dental students than non- dental students.5- In both groups females brushed more frequently than men.6- Dental students Flossed their teeth significantly more than non- aental students.7- Female students used month wash more than males.Conclusion: Dental students used oral hygiene equipments more than non dental students to promate their oral hygiene level and females were more diligent than males.

Introduction: This study was performed to compare the marginal fitness of sholder porcelaiin and shoulder with 45˚ bevel using a base metal alloy. Materials and Methods: 30 alluminum dies were made with CNC machine, 15 with 90˚ shoulder sesigh and 15 with 90˚ shoulder with 45° bevel design.After fabricating metal coping for each die, porcelain application procedure was done containing degassing, opaque powder application and baking, body powder application and baking, and glazing. For shoulder porcelain group, shoulder powder was applied in two steps before body powder application. The crowns were cemented on their dies, and then the specimens were embedded in Polyester and cut. Then the marginal gap was measured using a reflecting microscope. Mean absolute marginal discrepancy (distance between external angle of preparation and the crow margin) for shoulder with bevel group was 7.87 µm and for the shoulder porcelain group was 55.2µm.Results: The results were analysed using T-test. The statistical analysis showed that:1- The marginal fittness of both groups was clinically acceptable and 2- The marginal fittness of shoulder with bevel design was better than shoulder porcelain margin.

Introduction: The aim of this study was evaluating the repair bond strength of Fuji II LC (G.C). For this reason, were used similar (Fuji II LC) and dissimilar (Compoglass) Materials were used.Surface treatments consist of 25% polyacrylic acid and 25% hydrofloric acid Materials and Methods: 72 cylandrical samples of Fuji II LC were divided to two groups of 36 based on types of surface treatment then each groups divided to two groups of 18, for using of enamel bonding agent. Each group was divided to two subgroups for adhesives (Compoglass-Fuji II LC);Control groups, was used for evaluation of cohesive bond strength of glass ionomer. Substrate samples thermal cycled before repair.The surface was roughened with diamond bur. Finally after surface treatment with HF of PA, and using or without using of EBA, repair with Compoglass and Fuji II LC was done. After thermal cycling the samples for 600 cycles, they were broken with blade cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analysed with 3way ANOVA, Mann Whitney and Kruskal Wallis with 95% significance level.Results: 1- Mean of repair bond strength with HF and Fuji II LC with EBA and without it were respectively: 11.02 and 12.65 MPa.2- Mean of repair bond strength with HF and PA was 7 to 9 MPa.3- Surface treatment with HF without EBA for repair of glass ionomer showed significant higher bond strength than PA.4- After using of EBA, with either of new materials any difference was not seen in bond strength.5- Mean cohesive strength of control group (7.2 MPa) was lower than that of experimental groups.Conclusion: For repair of light cured G1 is better that roughening the surface. After using of 25% HF for 10s, with EBA, repair could be done with similar or dissimilar materials. Never thless, without EBA, is better to use similar materials for repair.

Introduction: up to now there is no perfect routine treatment for psoriasis. But Dermatologists have found that those patients with psoriatic lesions specially those who are used to swim at the summer had a relatively remedy on the lesions.I Decided to continue my Research on the power of sunlight which ,is composed of seven lights specially blue light with the wave length of 4600 to 5200 Angstrum. I used the Dental light curing device which has the same wave length 2 to 3 times a day and each time about 20 seconds for 3 times up to one week then lesions were disappeared.Results: Of course the dental device is uitable for small areas such as elbows and knees. For the other parts of the body a bigger device should be designed.The lesion of plaques of psoriasis often contain silvery, white, micaceous scale that would be treated easily but the treatment of secondary lesions with infection caused by trauma will be complicated. In this case antibiotic and topical corticosteroid should be given after the blue light treatment.