KNOWLEDGE AND DEVELOPMENT
Year:2005 | Volume:- | Issue:15|Papers Count:6

The value added is one of the most important economical variables which are used in estimating the productivity indices. When the issue of income share is raised, the accountants relate income to the ratio of the owner"s share. While the value added modifies the income according to the profit of the investors which lead to value added. The main issue in this article is to determine the share of labor power in the value added. It tries to examine which ratio of the value added in cement factories is related to the labor power and how the distribution of this share has occurred during a definite time. To do so, the financial lists of cement factories are used, and the value added is computed for a period of three years, 1376-78. Then after determining their shares, the statistical data are analyzed. The result shows that labor cost has had a decreasing trend in the value added in these factories. But there is a relationship between the oldness of the cement. factory with labor power and the value added.

In this paper first the need for a total system of emergency management is justified. Then the development of a discrete traffic simulation using paral1el computation technique is described. This model is used in a hypothetical transportation network to see the efficacy of message passing interface mechanism in parallel simulation situations. It shows how message passing interface can be implemented, and provides some results to compare the costs and advantages of different synchronization protocols, and discusses the suitability of this approach for the simulation of emergency evacuation.

It is very important to examine and estimate the effective factors on residential electricity demand as a major consumption sector in Khorasan. To achieve this goal, the effective factors on residential electricity demand was derived according to the data obtained from previous studies and the structure of energy sector in Khorasan. Then by using available statistical data, a log-linear single-equation function was modeled to estimate Khorasan province household electricity demand .Time series data during 1355-80 is used for this purpose. The results obtained from the estimation of demand function show that the electricity price and household expenditure do not have meaningful effect on residential electricity consumption. Also pricecross elasticity of kerosene and natural gas, indicates that electricity and other energy alternatives can not be substituted with each other easily. Besides, coefficient of consumption variable in previous period shows that households consume on the basis of their consumption behavior.

During the past two decades, FDI has appeared as a new phenomenon in the economic performance of the countries. FDI as one of the important forms of capital l11ovemel1! has successfully fulfilled the theoretical expectations about the efficacy of production factor movement. This role of FDI has been indeed reflected in increasing economic growth, creating job opportunities, technology transfer, increasing competitive power. financial and human resources development of the countries. In this study we have tried to investigate the effect of FDI on employment in host developing countries. For this purpose, following the theoretical analysis of the effect of FDI on the employment of the host developing countries we have presented an appropriate empirical model. The model has been presented in a way to analyze the statistical information and data for several selected countries (South Korea, Malaysia, Indonesia, India and Brazil), using the OLS and Time Series method during I 980-2000s. The results confirm the positive effect of FDI on the employment of host countries and reveal that the intensity of FDI effect depends on the interaction of two factors: first the degree of development and predisposition of the host countries for attracting the investments and transferring new technologies; second the importance and contribution of the foreign financiaol resources to supplying the financial needs of host countries.

This article analyzes the dimensions of environmental support of small businesses located in Mashad and the degree they enjoyed these aspects. From among 48 firms active in basic metals industry with less than 10 employees. the sample of 32 firms have been randomly selected. The survey was used as the research method. To gather the data, the Likert five-point scale was used concerning the condition of the firm at the time of establishment and the present time. The content validity of the questionnaire is justified and its reliability of %87 was measured by using Kronbakh Alpha Coefficient. To test the research hypothesis the internal estimate of mean of statistical population was used. The %95 confidence level implies that the firms under study have not enjoyed any of the four dimensions of environmental support including: administrative & professional services, financial assistance, management techniques, and marketing services.