Armaghane Danesh
Year:2014 | Volume:19 | Issue:5 (88)|Papers Count:14

Background & aim: Exercise enhances the synaptic plasticity and neuroprotective effects in the adult brain. However, it remains unknown that how plasticity molecules change following types of training. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks resistance training on protein levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and receptor of TrkB, in the hippocampus of adult male rats.Methods: In this experimental study, twelve adult male rats, 8 weeks of age, with an average weight of 200 to 225 grams were randomly divided into two groups, control and exercise respectively. The exercise was to increase the weight on the ladder.24 hours after their last training session. The animals were killed and the hippocampus was removed for further testing. ELISA determined changes in protein levels. Data were analyzed by independent t test.Results: There was a significant difference between train and control groups In protein level of variables statically (p≤0.05). In addition, protein levels of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampus of rats increased.Conclusion: Resistance training is beneficial for promoting hippocampal plasticity associated with BDNF signaling and consequently functional and cognitive benefits.

Background & aim: waves cause hormonal disorders, whereas garlic is known as reducing risk factors associated with various diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of garlic against a hormonal disorder caused by the waves.Methods: In the present experimental study, sixty rats were divided into 5male and 5female groups: control, sham (under exposed), experimental1 (garlic extract), and experimental2 and3 (both extract and microwaves). After a month, the rats were weighed, their blood samples were collected and concentration of estrogen, progesterone and testosterone were measured. Results were analyzed by SPSS, ANOVA and Tukey tests.Results: In males, the mean weight were reduced in the control group than in the sham group, but increased in the experimental group than the control group 3. Testosterone concentrations of experimental groups 2 and 3 were decreased but in all groups showed a decline in estrogen.Progesterone also increased in all groups.Conclusion: Weight loss due to radiation observed in males were compensated with compounds such as thiamine, vitamin A contained in garlic allicin. Microwaves and garlic extract have effects on testes which reflected in the number of Leydig cells and serum testosterone and estrogen concentration. Progesterone increased as a result of waves on the hypothalamus and the stimulatory effect of garlic on the secretion of ovarian hormones. Thus, Garlic cannot overcome all detrimental effects of waves.

Background & aim: Refractive errors are the most common reasons for patients' referring to ophthalmology clinics. As systemic hypertension causes significant complications for eyesight, this study was conducted to determine the association between refractive errors (with an emphasis on hyperopia) and systemic hypertension.Methods: This descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted on 217 patients over 35 years old referring to the Ophthalmology Clinic of Ayatollah Kashani Hospital of Shahrekord, Iran, for essential hypertension. Refractive errors were determined by an ophthalmologist and essential systemic hypertension was measured and recorded using standard laboratory procedures. Systolic pressure of>140 mmHg and diastolic pressure of>90 mmHg were considered as increase in blood pressure and refraction equal to±0.5 as refractory error. The obtained data were analyzed by means of the SPSS software (version 17) using chi-square and t-test.Results: The mean age of patients was 56.51±10.3 years.28.1% of the patients were male and the rest female.36.4% of the patients had myopia, 36.9% hyperopia, and 26.7% emmetropia. In case group patients, no significant difference was observed among myopic, hyperopic, and emmetropic patients (p≤0.02).Conclusion: The risk of developing systemic hypertension in hyperopic patients was higher compared to myopic and emmetropic. In addition, the association between the amount of hyperopia and mean blood pressure was not significant in hyperopic patients (p≥0.05).

Background & aim: Urinary tract infection is the most common childhood infections after upper respiratory tract infection. Early diagnosis, proper treatment and appropriate patient follow-up can lead to a significant reduction in symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance of urinary tract infection in children under 14 years admitted to the pediatric clinic of Imam Sajjad (AS) Yasooj.Methods: Methods: In this cross-sectional study antibiotic sensitivity of 145 positive urine cultures were evaluated by disc diffusion method. Urine specimens were collected by suprapubic aspiration and catheterization urethral in children without urinary incontinence and Mid Stream Clean-Catch method. Data were analyzed by chi square test.Results: Among the patients were studied, 60.68% female and 39.31% were male. The most common cause of urinary tract infections in children, Escherichia coli (72.41%), followed by Klebsiella (34.10.34%). Antibiotic resistance patterns including ampicillin (85.51%), amoxicillin (/83.44%), cephalexin (69.65%), cephalothin (62.06%), cotrimoxazole (37.61%), nalidixic acid (44.82%), cefixime (24.37%), nitrofurantoin (36.55%), gentamicin (35.17%), ceftriaxone (28.27%), ciprofloxacin (26.89%), amikacin (25.51%), and cefotaxime (24.82%) were respectively.Conclusion: Conclusion: Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infections of children in Yasuj in 2012 was higher than previous years except for amikacin, But it was a remarkable increase in ciprofloxacin and co-trimoxazole. The use of nitrofurantoin, cefotaxime, third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides is recommended for empirical treatment.

Background & aim: Radiology personnel’s working in terms of performance and safety is one of the most important functions in order to increase the quality and quantity. This study aimed to evaluate the radiological standards in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Yasuj, Iran, in 2013.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was based on a 118 randomly selected graphs and the ranking list, with full knowledge of the standards in radiology was performed two times. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.Results: 87.3% of the students chose the cassette, 76.3%, patients chose the position, 87.3%, member state, the central ray 83.9%, and the distance between the tube and the patient 68.6% had been operated in accordance with the standards practice. Among all the factors and variables, between view with cassette, view with SID, sex with position patients, grid with central ray, grid with SID, Request with positioning the patient and between density with patient position and member position significant relationship were observed (p<0.05).Conclusions: Staff and students in terms of performance were at high levels, but in the levels of protection were in poor condition. Therefore, in order to promote their conservation, education and periodical monitoring should be carried out continuously.

Background & aim: There is no general consensus on the minimum dose of propofol for maintenance of anesthesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect (s) of two different doses of propofol on cardiovascular responses in patients undergoing Septoplasty surgery.Methods: In the present clinical-trial study, fifty-eight patients (15 to 55 years) candidate for nasal Septoplasty were randomly divided into two groups of A (propofol infusion dose 50mg/kg/min) and B (propofol infusion dose 100mg/kg/min). After induction of anesthesia and intubation, propofol infusion was started with two different doses. Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressures were measured at 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes after initiation of infusion. The depth of anesthesia during the surgery and wake-up time was evaluated. The data were analyzed by independent sample t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measure and Freidman.Results: Wake up time in group A and B was (28.71±3.19) and (31.00±5.29) min respectively which no significant differences were observed between the two groups. Changes in heart rate and systolic blood pressure, diastolic and mean arterial at different minutes in each group compared with the other two groups showed no significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusions: Increasing dose of propofol from 50m/kg/min to 100m/kg/min does not affect the depth of anesthesia, cardiovascular responses and wake up time, so a lower dose of propofol infusions is recommended during general anesthesia.

Background & aim: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) refers to the occurrence of two or more consecutive losses of clinically recognized pregnancies prior to the 20th week of gestation. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with a common insertion-deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene.Methods: The present paper intended to study the ACE deletion (D) /insertion (I) polymorphism in women with recurrent abortion. One hundred patients with recurrent abortions (at least two) as cases and one hundred healthy female with two or more normal term deliveries and without a history of abortion selected as controls. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes and the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron 16 was performed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). For the statistical analysis, SPSS software version18 was used and Chi-square tests were calculated.Results: Seven patients, (7%), and non from the control group, were homozygote (I/I) for ACE polymorphism (OR=22.82; 95% CI=1.26-412.69; p=0.034), depicting no significant associations between ACE D allele or DD genotype and RPL.Conclusion: The present study showed no significant associations between ACE D allele or DD genotype and RPL.

Background & aim: Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterized by the chronic hyperglycemia and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, Lipids and proteins. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect (s) of eight weeks of resistance training on liver inflammatory indices (circulating levels of liver enzymes, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in women with type II diabetes disease.Methods: In the present study, twenty diabetic women ageds 44 -69 years were randomly assigned into two groups, control and intervention groups respectively. The subjects in the experimental group participated in eight weeks of resistance training, three sessions per week and each session lasting 45 minutes. In order to compare data within groups and the between groups ttest and independent t-test were used respectively.Results: Conducted eight weeks of resistance training resulted in a significant decrease in serum levels of the alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma glutamine transferase of liver, fasting blood glucose, insulin and insulin resistance in the experimental group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Overall, the eight-week resistance training reduced body fat and weight loss and improved metabolic status indicator of liver inflammation, especially in diabetic patients, but no significant effect on markers of hepatic inflammation was observed.

Background & aim: Throughout the world, half of the people over 70 years of age suffer from knee osteoarthritis and detection of the factors associated with this disease is important. The present study was conducted to examine the association of knee joint anatomic parameters with osteoarthritis occurrence.Methods: In the present observational-comparative study, ninety-four patients with joint osteoarthritis as case group and 106 healthy individuals as control group were enrolled from Orthopedic Clinic of Shahrekord Hospital into the study for comparison. Anatomical parameters such as tibial plateau tilt, Cam effect, and tibial plateau coverage by femoral condyles were calculated by using radiographic findings and compared between two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS software 16 using chi-square and Pearson correlation Results: Tibial plateau tilt values in patients with osteoarthritis of knee (11.9±3.4o) was significantly higher than the control group (10.2±1.9o) (p<0.001). Cam effect in patients with osteoarthritis (1.8±0.1) was higher than control group (1.7±0.1) (p<0.001). Index of tibial plateau articular surface occupied by condyles of femur in patients with osteoarthritis were 2.3±9.51% and 1.2±1.50% in the control group respectively (p<001.0).Tibial plateau coverage was identified in patients with osteoarthritis equal to 51.9±3.2% and in the control group 50.1±2.1%. These parameters were not associated with each other, as well as age and gender (p>0.05).Conclusion: Anatomic parameters under study could be used to predict osteoarthritis occurrence in healthy individuals.

Background & aim: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease of the nervous system which usually begins in young adults and pathologically characterized by demyelination and glial scarring. According to psychological problems after suffering, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of religious coping on quality of life in patients with MS.Methods: In the present descriptive study, forty-three patients with multiple sclerosis referred to the CNS Center of Ali bin Abi Talib Hospital of Zahedan, Iran, in 2013 were selected. Using religious coping and quality of life, variables were assessed. The data were analyzed by using the correlation and step-wise regression methods.Results: A positive correlation were seen between religious coping with the passive role due to emotional problems (of QOL) and between religious activities and democratic assessments a significant (p<0.05). The regression results also showed that religious activities in the first step alone 0.07 changed the psychological quality of life and in the second step religious activity along with passive religious coping predicted 0.2 of changes of psychological quality of life.Conclusion: Increasing religious and spiritual activities may contribute to improving the quality of life in patients with multiple sclerosis.