Armaghane Danesh
Year:2001 | Volume:6 | Issue:24|Papers Count:10

This is a semi-experimental and double blind study which was performed on 66 children of 2-7 years of age who had been referred for the first time, for non-brain and non-liver elective surgery (class 1 anesthesia). This study was designed to define the efficacy of oral ketamine on agitation and crying of children after separation from their parents, toleration of anesthesia mask and LV needle, sleeping before anesthesia and entry into the operating room. Samples were divided into two groups, case and control. 5mg/kg of ketamine plus 0.2cc/kg of fruit juice was given to the case group while only 0.2cc/kg of fruit juice was given to the control group 30 minutes before the operation. Our results showed that 78.8% of children in the case group did not cry when they were separated from their parents and 78.7% of them did not show any resistance. 34.4% of children in the case group showed no response to insertion of an LV needle and 59.4% of them showed minor responses. 6.1% of children in the control group had no response while 78.7% of them had responses such as intense body movements and pulling of hands. 69.7% of the case group were cooperative when putting on the anesthesia mask while 75.8% of the control group refused to wear the mask. 81.8% of the children in the case group were asleep before anesthesia while all of the children in the control group were awake and uneasy. These findings indicate that ketamine can be used as a preanesthetic drug to decrease the anxiety and fear of children and to calm them before their transfer to the operating room.

The pattern of infant complementary feeding is related to social and cultural factors of the community. This cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to determine the pattern of infant's complementary feeding and its related factors in 12-36 months old children in urban and rural areas of Kohkiloyeh and Boirahmad province in 1380. The results of this study showed that 56.2% of city dweller mothers and 53.3% of country-dweller mothers started the first supplementation of their children's food at the age of 4-6 months. 31.5% of city-dweller mothers and 32.6% of country-dweller mothers started supplementation of their children's food earlier than the age of 4 months and 12.3% of urban mothers and 14.1% of rural mothers started supplementation later than the age of 7 months. Urban and rural mothers used similar patterns of complementary feeding: mostly rice - milk, fruit juice, and egg yolk. The mean age of first supplementation was found to be 5.6±3.2 months. Factors which increase the mean age of first supplementation were ruralism, gender (male), illiteracy of father, high literacy of mother and mother's employment.

In this quasi-experimental study, the effect of home visit programs on breast-feeding duration and weight gain of infants was studied. One-hundred primiparas who delivered normally were selected randomly and were divided equally in to two groups. The study group received the program of post-partum home visits. Tools were questionnaires and scales. Comprehensive and descriptive statistics were used in this study. The results showed that postpartum home visits were more effective on breast- feeding duration (P<0.01, Z=3.19) and weight gain of infants (P<0.01, Z=5.97).The role of family is a major factor in the progress of home visit programs. Therefore it is necessary to be in close contact with the family involved in the home visit program and propagate the program through the mass media.

The child who does not have access to enough food and hygiene can be mentally and corpally disabled in the future. Children spend a lot of their time in school making nutrition at school a critical and crucial issue. This study was designed to evaluate the relation between having a snack at school with the nutritional status of schoolchildren. 1970 students out of 13515 were selected by cluster random sampling. A questionnaire was used to collect anthropometric and demographic information. The results showed that 73.6% of children used to take a snack in school, but in the day of assessment only 49.2% had a snack with themselves. The most common used snacks were biscuits, cakes and fruits. There was a significant correlation between taking a snack and parent's education as well as father's occupation (P<0.05). Since a snack had a significant correlation with height for age of children, we suggest that families of schoolchildren, especially illiterate families should be trained about the importance of snacks. In addition we suggest that the school feeding program should be considered a priority by policy makers.

Preeclampsia is a major unsolved obstetrical problem and a contributor to maternal and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of preeclampsia and its correlation to maternal and fetal complications in women referred to Emam Sajjad hospital of Yasuj for delivery or termination of pregnancy. The study was carried out on 1000 women who delivered from summer to autumn of 2001 in that hospital. Data were collected by performing interviews and physical examinations from women in order to recognize signs and symptoms of preeclampsia with regard to relevant labratory test results.Prevalance of preeclampsia was found to be 5.4%.The rate of maternal and fetal complications in preeclamptic women were significantly higher in comparison with others who delivered in the same period and included: abruptio placentae (14.8%) Cesarian section (29.6%), eclampsia (9.2%), preterm labor (30.2%), lowbirth weight (23.5%), stillbirth (11.1%), fetal distress (27.8%) and low Apgar score (22.2%), (P<0.0001). Maternal age over 35 years old, maternal diabetes and history of preeclampsia in previous pregnancies were risk factors for preeclampsia in this study. Considering the above findings, the prevalence of preeclampsia in our study was in the same range as that reported from other parts of the world .Since the maternal and fetal complications of preeclampsia in the study area is significant, therefore mothers with preeclampsia have to be identified early by promoting prenatal care in local heath centers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the mental health of women who used tubal ligation as a method of contraception. 136 women who had the necessary qualifications for family planning and were not using any preventive methods, and 168 women who were using tubal ligation, were systematically selected at random. The selected cases were subjected to the SCL-90-R test. The mean age of the cases was 32.4 years and 92% of them were housewives.Data were analyzed by X2 and analysis of variance. The results of this study showed that 47.35% of the subjects who used tubal ligation as a preventive method had scores equal or higher than the cut-off point (GSI> 1.08) indicating the possibility of mental illness among this group. Most of their complaints were: paranoidal thought, anxiety, and physical symptoms. The mean score of GSI in women using tubal ligation was higher than the mean score of GSI in those who were not using any preventive methods and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

We have studied the opininon of university lecturers about the effective factors in implementing of COME.A questionnaire was prepared in two sections .In the first section the demographic characteristics of the person, the amount of training in COME, and attitude about necessity of COME we asked. The second section included 28 questions about effective factors in implementing COME in medical sciences universities of Tehran.We received 151 completed questionnaires and analyzed the information using SPSS software. The results showed that all of the participants agreed on the effective factors important in implementing COME. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between university work place, field of study and degree with effective factors in implemention of COME.

This is an applied research to determine the body temperature of patrents after abdominal surgery. The study was performed on 62 operated patients in operation rooms of affiliated hospitals of Yasuj University of Medical Sciences. The main parameter for which the patients were assessed was body temperature.Temperature was measured by a rectal thermometer immediately after surgery .Analysis of the results showed' a decrease in the temperature but no hypothermia.