Iranian Journal of Trade Studies
Year:2013 | Volume:17 | Issue:65|Papers Count:9

After Islamic Republic Revolution, Kish Island was nominated as the first economic free zone in early 1980. With regard to custom exemption and other granted promoting advantages of economic free zones, this island became one of the most attractive zones for investments. Then suitcase trade was developed. Over the time the attractiveness declined due to the some restrictive regulations on passenger’s suitcase trade. This paper explored the most important factors and their relationships on decline of market attractiveness through Bayesian network modeling approach. The result of modeling shows that changing strategy from suitcase trade to tourism has created a new business model that might generate more attractiveness in the future. But now, main players of Kish markets have not accepted requirements of new business model.

Purpose: While it seems there are just very few studies on branding process of mega projects of entertainment, residential, tourism and sport, branding is one of the most vital factors in these types of projects. We have particularly tried to devise a branding model for these types of projects corresponding to Persian characteristics. Research on this subject mostly focuses on place selling, place marketing and tourism destination branding and rarely these projects have been considered.Design / Methodology / Approach: Since in Iran, there is not any special model, the Grounded Theory was used for hypothesizing and discovering model aspects. Deep interviews corresponding to grounded theory have been conducted. The interviews consist of scholars, owners and founders, branding and marketing managers, subprojects managers, sales, economic and financial managers, superior consultants, and managers of Tourism Board Organization.Findings: Main phenomenon is branding process of mega projects of entertainment, residential, tourism and sport. Besides, causal conditions, context conditions, and intervening conditions are explored, and eventually result of branding for these types of projects is introduced as an intact model.Originality/Value: The primary goal of this research is devising a model for branding these mega projects with respect to the Persian characteristics.

This paper empirically analyzes the dynamic relationship between real effective ex­change rate and stock index applying VAR and multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models. Doing so, we have used the monthly data from Tir1371 to Tir1389. The results show that there is not any significant long-term equilibrium relationship between real effective exchange rate and the stock price. Furthermore the paper examines the cross-volatility effects between foreign exchange and stock markets. The results indicate that both variables have been affected by their own volatility directly and indirectly, but each market has not been affected significantly by the other market. Due to the low degree of simultaneous-varying co-volatility among these markets, investors will be likely to benefit from risk reduction if they diversify their financial portfolio with stocks and currency exchange.

Competition law encompasses rules and regulations which set goal of preserving competition in the market and preventing anticompetitive practices. These rules are conceived as necessary for free market economies and one of the most important components of success of such economies. The idea is that if free competition exists among activists at production and distribution of goods and services, economic ef­ficiency and ultimately total welfare will increase.While this new branch of has long provoked fascinating interdisciplinary discus­sions among economists and lawyers, the legal system of Iran has recently taken the first step in this field. So it is required that from now that the underlying premises and principles of this area of law are properly discussed and examined to pave the way for deeper future researches. Certainly one of the most important and basic questions about any new regulations is the scope of its application. The realm of competition law rules can be investigated from three angles: personal, subject and location. This article discusses the first aspect and tries to provide a comparative study to answer the question that: who are required to preserve competition and observe its rules?

In a current unstable and uncertain situation, only with more innovations, organizations can respond to environmental changes, enhance their performance and reinforce their position with creating a sustainable competitive advantage. Former researchers have considered the role and importance of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation to innovation separately. This study tries to survey in small and medium businesses (SMEs) of industrial estates in the east of Mazandaran and tries to find the answer of the following question:How market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation can affect innovation? Hypotheses were tested by SPSS 16 and LISREL 8.5. The results show that market orientation directly and indirectly leads to innovation through entrepreneurial ori­entation. Hence entrepreneurial innovation plays the mediator role in the relationship between market orientation and innovation

Debate on advertising effectiveness and its role on improving firm performance has recently been one of the top discussions in marketing. One reason of that is high advertising expenditures in business. In This study we try to evaluate impact of advertising intensity (ad expenditure ratio to sales) on performance and profitability of the automobile and food firm in Tehran stock exchange market. Annual Information of 25 companies (17 food companies and 8 automobile companies) has been gathered form balance sheet and financial statement. By applying unbalanced panel data with total 211 observations, we evaluated impact of advertising intensity on return on asset (ROA), profit margin and sales growth. Regressions results show that adverting intensity is positively related to profit margin in food industry. In automobile industry advertising intensity has positive relationship with ROA, profit margin and sales growth. Total results in both industries show that impact of advertising intensity on firm performance and profitability is positive and significant. Coefficient in food industry has been estimated more than automobile industry.

The compensation hypothesis, that is proposed by Rodrik (1998), predicts a positive relationship between trade openness and the size of the public sector, as governments perform a risk mitigating role in the face of internationally generated risk and eco­nomic dislocations. This research tests this hypothesis for a sample of 35 lower middle income countries, including Iran, from 2000-2006. Our findings based on panel data regression model indicate trade openness positively and significantly influences government size; then in reducing process of government size, policy makers should consider compensation role of government.