Journal of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences
Year:2006 | Volume:13 | Issue:1 (39)|Papers Count:11

Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important common cancers all over the world. Its prevalence varies with geographical distribution. Its multifactorial cause may include environmental, genetic and dietary origins. P53 is the most important tumor suppressive gene. P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overexpression is reported in different areas. This study is intended to determine the relationship between P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overxpression and prognosis in colorectal cancer.Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on 80 cases of Colorectal cancers, admitted to Isfahan hospitals in Isfahan, Iran from 1382 (2003) to 1385(2006). DNA was extracted by phenol chloroform isoamil alcohol at the Genetic Department of the faculty of Medicine. Exon 6 of the P53 gene was amplified using primers in a PCR assay. After gel electrophoresis by SSCP method, exon 6 mutations were determined. P53 protein overexpression was determined in cases by immunohistochemistry. Chi-square test was used for data analysis.Results: Mutations were observed in 12 cases (15%); in 10 cases, mutations demonstrated protein overexpression as well. No significant relationship was observed between P53 exon 6 mutation and its overexpression (p>0.05). Conclusion: The study revealed that not all P53 exon 6 mutations were accompanied by P53 overexpression. Therefore, besides immuno histochemistry, we need PCR-SSCP or sequencing for diagnosis.

Background and purpose: Hyperlipidemia is one of the most important cardiovascular risk factors in hemodialysis patients. As adequate amount of carnation is essential for fatty acids metabolism and prevention of hyperlipidemia, This research was conducted to study the effect of carnitine on serum lipids in hemodialysis patients.Methods and Materials: 20 patients with at least 3 months hemodialysis duration participated in this double-blind clinical trial. Randomly and equally, they were divided into two (case and control) groups. Cases received 1g carnitine and controls received placebo daily. Cholesterol and Triglyceride levels were measured prior to the study as well as 3 and 6 months after administration. SPSS package and ANOVA, t-test and chi-squre tests were used far analysis. Results: There were not significant difference in mean of cholesterol and triglyceride levels in two groups as well as in repeated measurements. Also, no significaut changes were observed in each group 3 and 6 months after administration.Conclusion: Carnitine did not have any effect on serum lipids in hemodialysis patients.

Background and Purpose: Left to their own choice, parturients will usually select positions they find most comfortable and will frequently change their positions over the course of labor. Maternal changing the positions will adjust fetus alignment to pass through the birth canal. Therefore, maternal positioning choice will include those positions with maximum comfort and those which improve the descent of the fetus through birth canal and make the labor process progress normally. This study is therefore intended to study the effect of mother's selected positions on the duration of the active phase of the first stage of labor.Methods and materials: This clinical trial was carried out in 1383-84 (2004-5) at the labor ward of the Hazrate Zeinab (S) hospital in Mashad, Iran. Subjects were 68 low risk pregnant women with gestational age of 38 to 42 weeks, who were randomly assigned into two groups: cases (selective positioning) and controls (routine positioning). In the selective positioning group, mothers changed their positions at wish while mothers in the routine positioning group were given bedside care. Observation and interview checklists were used for data collection, and Student t-test, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher's exact test were used for data analysis in SPSS. Results: Mean duration of the active phase of the first stage of the labor was significantly lower for the selective positioning group (p= 0.002). Mean ± standard deviation were 156.75±66.48 and 207.25±61.04 minutes for the selective and routine positioning groups respectively.Conclusion: The study indicated that the duration of the active phase of the first stage of the labor was lower in the selective positioning group. Therefore, selective positioning can be advised for parturients to decrease the duration of staying mothers in maternity wards.

Background and purpose: FSH (Follicle  stimulating Hormone) is a glycopeptid hormone released from anterior pituitary and is associated with ovarian function. Due to its daily and monthly cyclicity, successive  sampling is used for certainty.Because of the kydney intervention in gradual releasing FSH, random and morning urinary sample was considered in menopausic and non-menopausic women.Methods and Materials: 50 woman with ages 35-60 years old participated in the study. The participants had not ured oral contraceptives, had normal renal function and were admitted for hysterectomy, due to benign illnesses, at Imam Khomeini Hospital in Sari, Iran. Frequcut sampling and random blood sample were taken a day before surgery by research aids blind to the participants menopausal status. FSH was measured through radio immunoassay and its correlation (gold standard) was obtained with each urinary sample in both groups. Sensitivity and specificity was studied.Results: Out of 47 cases admitted, 37 cases were monmenopausic with FSH less than 20 mlu/ml and 10 cases were menopausic with FSH more than 40 mlu/ml; 3 cases were ruled out because their FSH levels were not ascertained. FSh correlation with random and morning urinary samples were 31% and 84% respectiviely in nou-monopausic cases. In the second group, 68% and 77% were observed respectively. The sensitivity and specifity in random urine sample were 100% and 97% respectively; while in morning samples, they were both 100%.Conclusion: According to the findings, high correlations were observed between serum FSH and morning sample in menopausic cases, as well as with random sample. Also because of the satisfactory specificity and sensitivity of FSH measurement with urine samples, it is possible to replace floquent sampling with one morning sample in pathological and physiological instances. This method is non- invasive, simple and cheap.

Background and purpose: Pendred syndrome, defined traditionally as the constellation of goiter, sensori-neural hearing loss and positive perchlorate discharge test. Since the relatively newer approaches to the diagnosis of this syndrome, as MRI and genetic and/or molecular analysis are much more expensive and complicated than the traditional approaches, we planned to study the value and reliability of MRI as the sole, or adjunctive diagnostic approach to the syndrome. Materials and methods: We presumed the classic triad is still the most widely accepted gold standard, and compared MRI findings in six such defined patients with six seemingly incomplete forms with goiter and hearing loss, but with negative Perchlorate discharge test. Results: There were a sensitivity and specificity of 83.3% and 66.7%, respectively for MRI in patients fulfilling all three criteria and 66.7% and 100% for sensitivity and specificity in the group lacking perchlorate test positivity. Conclusion: Although MRI can not replace the holistic approach, In "partial" cases with equivocal findings, and in the evaluation of relatives of the patients MRI may be considered as a valuable diagnostic adjunct.

Background and purpose: Vitamin D is an antiproliferative agent against cancer cells and regulates cell differentiation. It acts via Vitamin D Receptor (VDR). The VDR gene contains a Start Colon Polymorphism (SCP) that can be detected with the restriction enzyme Fok I. Previous studies report an association of SCP and some diseases and some suggest that this polymorphism alters VDR function. As no studies so far have reported the association between Fok I genotype in Thyroid cancer, this study is intended to determine the association of Fok I polymorphism of VDR with thyroid cancer risks in Iranian population.Methods and Materials: 58 patients with papillary carcinoma, 13 patients with follicular carcinoma and 82 controls participated in a case-control study. A  PCR-RFLP method used to determine VDR gene polymorphism in start codon characterized by the restriction enzyme Fok I. 95% confidence intervals and odds ratio were calculated for testing the relationship between Fok I polymorphism and thyroid cancer. Results: The odds ratio for the Fok I polymorphism on thyroid cancer was 0.39 (95% CI, 0.12-1.27), witch signifies no relationship between this polymorphism and the ris of thyroid cancer. Conclusion: As no relationship was found between this polymorphism and thyroid cancer, other genetic or environmental factors may be considered in thyroid cancer.

Background and purpose: Diarrhea diseases are major causes of morbidity, with attack rates ranging from 2 to 12 cases illnesses per person per year in both developed and developing countries. In addition, diarrhea illnesses account for an estimated 12, 600 deaths each day in children in Asia, Africa and Latin America. This study is therefore intended to study factors affecting, diarrhea diseases in children. Methods and Materials: Age, sex, kind of feeding, weight, kind of acute diarrhea and knowledge of patients' mothers in 222  Children with an admission diagnosis of diarrhea admitted to Emam Reza and Dr Shaikh Hospitals in Mashad were studied in 2004 summer. Results: There was no correlation between diarrhea and sex (56.5% boys and 40.5% girls). There were a good correlation between bottle feeding, weight under 3rd percentile (P=0.001), knowledge of patients` mothers and diarrhea (p=0.001). There was a good correlation between age and kind of diarrhea (inflammatory and non-inflammatory) too. Conclusion: Bottle feeding, underweight and low knowledge of patients` mothers are the most common predisposing factors in diarrheal diseases of children.

Background and purpose: pamphigus vulgaris is one of the blistering auto immune diseases which is common in Iran. This disease is charactaized with the formation of auto-antibodies against one of the components adjoining epidermal cells.called Desmoglin-3. Although the first widely recognized line of  treatment  in such cases is the oral administration of corticosteroids, in many cases, other immuno-suppressive medications are used as supplementary treatments due to the undesirable side effects and insufficient positive results of previous treatments. One of the recent immuno suppressive drugs is my cophenolat mophetil. This article is intended to report ten such cases.Patients: Ten patieuts with pamphigus vulgaris are reported,who had not obtained satisfactory results from other common clinical treatments. They were placed under treatment with preduisolone plus mycophenolat mophetil. In almost all cases. The healing process began within 3-4 weeks; aften 8-10 weeks, the disease was completely controlled.Conclusion: Because of satisfactoly results and low rate of complications, mycophenolat mophetil can be considered an appropriate treatment for pamphigus vulgaris cases with liver and kidney complications, who are resistant to common immunosuppressive treatments.