Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences
Year:2011 | Volume:13 | Issue:4|Papers Count:11

Background: Premenstrual syndrome is the cyclic appearance of one or more of a large collection of symptoms just prior to menstruation. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Hypericum perforatum and vitamin B 6 in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome.Materials and Method: In this study after two completion of questionnaire during two consecutive periodic cycles 72 female students selected between ages of 20 to 30 years with moderate to severe premenstrual syndrome with inclusion criteria for entering into the study. Subjects randomly divided in to two groups. First group received perforan consist of hypericum perforatum 160mg, took three times one week before menstruation period and second group took vitamin B 6 80mg daily for two months. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.Result: Results showed significant difference between means for score of physical symptoms of premenstrual syndrome between two groups (p=0.019) but means of score in psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome had no significant difference between two groups (p=0.124).Conclusion: According to this study Hypericum perforatum can only reduce psychological symptoms but vitamin B 6 will reduce both somatic and psychological symptoms.

Background : In recent years, the widespread use of microwave producing instruments specially cell phones; result in growing concern regarding the possible effects associated with these waves on human health especially pregnant woman and neonates. In present study, we investigated the genotoxic effects of cell phone radiation on the mice (Balb/C) and their offspring.Materials and Method : In this experimental research, pregnant mice were irradiated with cell phone for 4 days of gestational age (days 14th -18th, 6h per day, from 9am until 3pm) and after litter, 2nd -day offspring studied for morphology, weight and CR length. By following, for assessment of possible genetic damages in erythrocytes after bleeding from heart, smears of spleen tissue prepeard for histological studies. Mice peripheral blood and bone marrow smears prepared and stained with May-Granowald and Gimsa.Results : The finding in experimental group indicated that cell phone radiation decreased offsprings’ weight and CR length (p<0.001). Megakaryocytes in marrow (p =0.02) and red blood cells in spleen (p =0.03) were increased but were not shown any changes in lymphocytes (p>0.05).An increase in micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood erythrocytes were seen in experimental newborn (p =0.006) and adult mice (p<0.001) but we did not found any change in the frequency of micronuclei in adult mice bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (p>0.05).Conclusion: Above findings indicated that cell phone radiation (940 MHZ) are able to increase the frequency of micronucleus in peripheral blood erythrocytes of adult mice and their of fsprings and induce a genotoxic response.

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide including 38% of gastrointestinal cancers.Colorectal cancer is the third type of Iranian men and fourth in women in ranking. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of environmental risk factors in colorectal cancer.Materials and Method: In this case-control study, the authors selected cases from colorectal cancer patients in Arak and controls were selected from Arak hospitals in proportion to the number of cases. Data collected by using a structured questionnaire and based on interviews with patients and their medical records.We used chi-squared and independent t -tests to analyze data. Logistic regression applies to eliminate the effect of possible confounding variables.Results: From all participants 55.7% were male and 90% got married.33.6% were overweight and/or obese. Mean ± SD of age and BMI was 54.41±14.88 yr and 24.42±4.58, respectively. Regression model showed that fatty food intake, high education and positive family history are the predictor risk factors of colorectal cancer.Conclusion: Due to preventable colorectal cancer and increased global incidence of disease, educational intervention about the importance of disease, methods of screening and diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients are necessary.

Background: Tea consumption is common throughout the world, especially in Iran and it was known as the most common beverages. Several studies evaluated negative effect of coffee and relationship between its caffeine content with bone density. But relationship between tea drinking and bone mineral density is less observed. Considering high amount of tea consumption and prevalence of osteoporosis in Iran, it is important to investigate this relationship.Materials and Method : Population study includes 1125 subjects (aged 20-72 years) randomly selected by cluster sampling in Bushehr, who participated in general project of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. The participants were categorized based on degree of tea consumption: high tea drinkers (more than 4 cups of tea per day) and low tea drinkers (equal or less than 4 cups of tea per day).Results: In high tea drinkers, mean score for bone density was significantly higher in neck and total femur. But this difference in isolated groups (according to sex, age and both of them) was not seen.Conclusion: The result of this study indicates on a direct relationship between tea drinking and increasing of bone mineral density. Moreover, it shows the prevalence of osteoporosis is lower in people who have a regular daily habit of tea consumption.

Background: Increase in the prevalence of childhood and adolescence obesity in recent years caused many investigations to be held on effective factors on childhood obesity. Environmental factors have a strong impact and are investigated in many studies worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine the effective factors in Neishabur primary school children.Materials and Method : Using two stage cluster sampling from 60 Neishbur primary schools, all students who had body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95 percentile, were identified as obese (n=114) and 102 students of the same age and gender were indicated as non-obese pupils. Data were collected by questionnaires.Results: Our analyzed data showed that the mean birth weight in obese cases was significantly more than the others.The ratio of first and second born children in obese group was higher than of the non-obese. The ratio of pupils starting complementary feeding earlier than 6 month of age was significantly higher in obese (80.7%) than non-obese children (46.1%).Conclusion: High birth weight, birth order and early treatment with complementary foods were associated with obesity among Neishabur primary school children. This should be noted in interventional planning.

Background: Health promoting activities and a healthy lifestyle are major strategies to preserve health. Regarding the importance of health in young people, health promotion in society and also lack of related studies in Iran, this study was designed to determine the performance of the health-enhancing behaviors in medical university students and its effective factors.Materials and Method: This study was a cross-sectional-descriptive survey assessing health-promoting lifestyle among students of Yazd university of medical sciences. A total number of 440 students were recruited in this study using a stratified sampling method. Health-promoting lifestyle was measured using walker’s health–promoting life style profile II (HPLP-II) instrument. Data were analyzed by c2, student t -tests and one way ANOVA, using SPSS -11.5.Result: Age range of participants was from 17 to 33 years with a mean age of 21.1 years and was composed of 67.4% females and 32.6% males. Totally, the overall health-promoting lifestyle profile had a mean of 130.31±19). The highest mean in the subscales was 26.03±5.04) for spiritual growth and the lowest was 16.24±4.28) for physical activity.Statistical significant association was seen between the socio-demographic variables particularly employment situation (p =0.002), study field (p =0.001), mother’s education level (p =0.007) and mother’s job (p =0.01) with mean of overall health-promoting lifestyle profile.Conclusion: Regarding the situation of health-promoting behaviors due to low physical activity among students especially in girls providing health education programs toward increasing physical activity is recommended.

Background: Neonatal Apgar at birth is one of the leading factors of postnatal mortality. One of the factors affecting neonatal Apgar after cesarean section is the anesthetic drug. Propofol is better than thiopental to prepare patient for cesarean section but this is a controversial issue because of its side effects. We conducted this study to evaluate thiopental and propofol effects on neonatal Apgar score, maternal nausea and vomiting and maternal recovery time after anesthesia.Materials and Method: After the approval of university ethics committee, 230 otherwise healthy women without fetal problems who were candidates for elective cesarean section under general anesthesia entered into the study. They were randomly divided into two groups to induce anesthesia with either propofol or thiopental. Other treatments were the same in two groups during anesthesia. First and fifth minute Apgar score, maternal recovery time and post operative nausea and vomiting were recorded.Results: Data was analyzed digitally using SPSS-18 using chi-squared and student t- tests. Results show that 1st and 5th minute Apgar score were significantly higher in propofol group compared with thiopental. Recovery time was not different statistically in two groups. Nausea and vomiting was encountered less frequently in propofol group than thiopental.Conclusion: It seems that in elective cesarean section in which there is no danger to mother and neonate without any contraindication, propofol may be useful as an anesthetic inducing agent. Despite its less effect on the neonatal Apgar score, it induces less post operative nausea and vomiting for mothers.

Background: In this study we analyzed job burnout aspects of male and female nurses. Materials and Method: Sixty nurses (including 32 women and 28 men) were randomly selected and responded to Maslach (MBI) job questionnaire.Results: Our findings demonstrate that there is significant difference between male and female nurses in emotional exhaustion (p<0.021). Women experience emotional exhaustion more than men. Regarding other aspects of job burnout there is no significant difference between them.Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrate that job burnout is high among nursing society. However, to avoid job burnout among nurses should be paid attention to them.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the quality of life in patients with diabetes mellitus type II.Materials and Method: In this descriptive study, 165 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled in the studyconsecutively. The SF-36 instrument was used to evaluate quality of life.Results: Mean scores for each subscale were, function role (60.57), physical role (68.86), emotional role (69.59), energy / vitality (40.37), mental health (43.75), social functioning (66.5), body pain (50.96) and general health (43.63).There was not any statistically significant relationship between demographic data with quality of life.Conclusion: Authorities can use those findings to make decisions in order to diagnose and prohibit problems relatedto the quality of life in those kinds of patients and also to make useful changes in quality of their lives.