AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH
Year:2001 | Volume:3 | Issue:1|Papers Count:7

A 45 days study was conducted to compare the effect of different levels of Immunobac and Streptobifidefort probiotics on the performance of 625 mixed-sex broilers. The experiment was consisted of five dietary treatments and five replicates per treatment with 25 broiler chicks per replicate in a complete randomized design. The first diet was a basal diet containing no probiotic (control). Immunobac probiotic was added at 80% of the recommended level (4 mg / chick / day) and the recommended level (5 mg / chick / day) to the basal diet in diet two and three respectively. These amounts were given during .1-1 0 and 16-25 days to chickens. The corresponding amounts of this probiotic during 31-45 days were 8 mg / chick / day (80% of the recommended level) and 10 mg / chick / day in diet two and three respectively. Streptobifide fort probiotic was also added to the basal diet at two levels of 80% of the recomended and the recomended level in diet four and five respectively. The amounts of this probiotic were 40 mg / chick / day and 50 mg / chick / day during day 1-10 and 80 mg / chick / day and 100 mg / chick / day during 16-25 and 3140 days in diets four and five respectively. In this experiment, the probiotics were removed from the diets during the days 11-15, 26-30 and 41-45. Feed conversion was significantly (p<0.05) better with diets containing Immunobac probiotic and the recommended level of Streptobifide probiotic than control in whole production period (1-45 days). Feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) reduced with the diets containing Streptobifide probiotic than control in 1-30 days.

In order to determine the effects of types of seed tuber and intra-row spacing on potato yield characteristics. The experiment was conducted in kabootar Abad Research Station of Isfahan in 1999. The experimental design was a split-split plot with a randomized complete block arrangement and four replicates. Main factors were cultivars (Morene and Marfona), sub factors were two plants spacing on row (18 and 25 centimetres) and sub-sub factors were four seed tubers type that cansisted of: 1. Small tubers (<35mm), 2. Seed tubers (35-55 mm), 3. Tubers obtained from big tubers (>55mm) that were divided in halves and 4. Tubers obtained from big tubers (>55mm) that were divided in four equal pieces. The results showed: planting of seed tubers size (35-55mm) were superior than other types of tubers for producing of total yield, big tubers yield and seed tubers yield and planting of small tubers caused the lowest yield. Total yield, big tubers yield and seed tubers yield increased as plant spacing decreased. Total yield and seed tubers yield in Marfona were higher than Morene but Morene in 18cm intra-row spacing had no significant differences in total yield and seed tubers yield with Marfona.

In order to study the effects of planting date on fiber properties and oil percentage in three cotton cultivars, a split-plot experiment was carried out using randomized complete block design with four replications at Hashem-Abad Cotton Experimental Station, Gorgan. The main plots included four planting dates that i.e the 4th and 19th of May and 4th and 19th of June and subplots included three cotton cultivars; Sahel, Siokra and Deltapain. The results showed that the planting date influence some of fiber properties and the response of cultivars to planting date were different. With delay in planting, the length of fiber decreased and the greatest decrease was observed in Deltapain. The fiber uniformity, fiber strength and elongation percentage were not influenced by planting date, but the fiber micronaire as influenced by planting date and cultivar (at p≤0.01) and their interactive of planting date and the cultivar (at p≤0.05) was significant. The highest micronaire and elongation percentage were belonged to Sahel. Siokra had higher fiber length and the fiber were more uniformity as compared to two other cultivars. Planting date, cultivar and interactive effects of planting date and cultivar for oil percentage were not significant, but with delay in planting oil percentage generally decreased in all cultivars, and Siokra and Deltapain had highest (28/9%) and lowest (25%) oil percentage, respectively.

Other than the temperate regions, It is possible to cultivate sunflower in semidry regions too. Supplemental irrigation is of great importance to dissolve drought stresses in these regions. In order to determine an appropriate time of irrigation and superior cultivar, an experiment was conducted as factorial in the arrangement of randomized complete block design using two factors in the west of Iran (Kordistan Ghorveh). Treatments in four replicates consisted of three rates of irrigation including no irrigation as control, irrigation in flowering time, and irrigation in seeding set stage, and three rates of cultivars, Armavireski, Armavires, and Records. The results showed that supplemental irrigation effect was highly significant on all traits (α=1%). The cultivars were only different in the case of seed diameter and weight of thousand seeds at α = 5% and 1 % respectively. Interaction between cultivar and irrigation time was significant on these traits at α=1% and α=5% respectively. The comparison between studied traits was carried out using Duncan's test. Two cultivars Armavires and Records had the highest weight of thousand seeds and seed diameter after irrigation in seeding set stage. The highest seed yield was obtained after irrigation in flowering time. Flowering time caused also increasing the weight of filled seeds and total seeds per cap but decreased the unfilled seed weight per cap. The result of this study has shown that both cultivars (Armavires and Records) had the highest yield with irrigation once in flowering time.

Bovine colostrum contains various essential nutrients, arItibodies, hormones, growth factors, cytokines arId arItimicrobial peptides (e.g. lactoferrin and lactoperoxidase) that are importarIt for nutrient supply, host defense, growth arId for general neonatal adaptation. In this study effects of different levels arId different durations of colostrum eonsumption on somatotropic axis, selected metabolic traits, plasma level of growth hormone arId vital sings in the first week life of calves were investigated. Calves were fed colostrum twice daily for 3 day (group GrC6) or colostrum only as their first meal (group GrC I), followed by milk replacer up to day 7, or they were received only milk replacer but no colostrum (group GrM). PostprarIdial plasma glucose concentration on day 2 increased significarItly (P <%5). More in the groups GrC6 arId GrC I tharI in group GrM arId remained elevated up to day 7 plasma urea concentration on day I decreased significarItly (P <%5). More in the groups GrC6 arId GrCI tharI in group GrM arId remained lower up to day 7 plasma GB concentration was not charIged by differences in nutrition. Calves fed colostrum had significarItly higher rectal temperatures, heart rates arId respiratory frequencies tharI calves provided by milk replacer. The data demonstrate that the somatotrophic axis is basically functioning in neonatal calves arId is influenced by nutrition. Furthermore, significarItly higher circulating glucose arId significarItly lower urea levels in calves fed colostrum tharI those fed with milk replacer indicate that colostrum consumption simulates arIabolic processes.

In dry and semi-dry condition such as Iran water is an important limitating factor on wheat performance. This study was conduced to investigate the effect of supplemental irrigation in emergence and earing stages of wheat, using three irrigation system (soild-set sprinkler, roll-line and gun sprinkler system) on growth and yield complement of three cultivars of dry farming wheat (Sardary, Sabalan and Sxl-Glenson) in Kaboodrahang area. A split-split plot designed was replicated in three times. Therefore different irrigation systems in main plot, time of irrigation in sub plot and cultivars varieties of wheat in subsub plot were tested. Every pressure irrigation system were into experiment plots with lax 10 meter of dimensions. The seed was planted in 7 and 25 cm depth with deep-planter respectively. All planting and cultivating were carried out breed on localization recommended. Thousand seeds weight / stram dry weight seed dry matter weight and grain yield were measured. High significant differences have been observed in growth yield component of wheat (emergence and flowering stages) with supplemental irrigation solid-set sprinkler (P<0.01). Thousand seed weight / grain field / total grain dry matter weight and cultivar varieties effect on thousand seed weight were examined by solid-set sprinkler system. In interaction effect / Sardary cultivar with two irrigation times using solid-set sprinkler irrigation system has shown the best result. The result of this study has shown that Sardary wheat cultivar with two irrigation times and solid-set sprinkler system has the highest performance.