CO - OPERATION AND AGRICULTURE (TAAVON)
Year:2010 | Volume:20 | Issue:212|Papers Count:8

The current article is the result of a field research conducted in 2008 aiming to examine the grounds in which organizational models and modern cash raising strategies are implemented. For this purpose, the viewpoints of 31 experts in the cooperation sector were evaluated. The findings of this study showed that by communicating the general policies of the 44th Article of the Constitution, fundamental changes will occur in the organizational model of the cooperative and cash raising strategies, lifting many of the legal restrictions for cash raising cooperatives and allows cooperatives to enter various fields, including banking. For this purpose, it's been tried to shatter the framework of traditional models in local and foreign cash raising and replacing them with modern tools so that the framework of cooperatives' organizational model in Iran transforms from traditional model to joint stock cooperatives (i.e. investors) which are now implemented in countries with strong theoretical and practical structure. Cooperatives' cash raising strategy also shall incline towards support cash raising, especially direct cash raising instead of traditional cash raising strategy. Evaluating the viewpoints of experts also showed that traditional cooperative organizational model has been ineffective for cash raising and other organizational models, especially the organizational model of transforming to capital based company, has been very effective. Cash raising strategies has also been effective, except subsidiary debt methods in traditional cash raising strategy, capital reserves in the unit in the support cash raising strategy and receiving securities from members in the direct cash raising strategy.

Nowadays, the constructive role of cooperatives is completely evident in fields of society and economy, especially in societies with solid cooperation organization. Because the economic function of the cooperative is in direct relationship with the failure or success of the cooperative company, the current study aims to identify factors affecting the success of elite consumer cooperative companies in Iran. Although evaluating the effectiveness and success of an organization and the factors involved is a complex procedure and no group of factors can be solely singled out that contribute to the success, the current study strives to examine the trinal variables of structure, content and environment based on descriptive-survey method and utilizing the tri-branched model.For this purpose, the viewpoints and concepts of a statistical sample, consisting of 185 managers of the elite consumer cooperative companies were studied in 2008, Iran.The results shows that among the trio of the abovementioned factors, the factor contributing most to the success of cooperatives in Iran is the content factor, and the least is the structure factor.

The main objective of this study was to design and present a human resources management model for the cooperation sector. This model demonstrates suitable methods for human resources management in the cooperatives through explaining the relations between various aspects of cooperative organization (attractiveness, human relations, sense of unity, unique experience, organizational commitment) and aspects of human resources management (attraction, utilizing, improvement and preserving). This study utilizes three questionnaires for the three stages of determining cooperative organization factors, human resource management factors and evaluating the potential value of the cooperative organization factors in relation to human resources management. This study was conducted by survey methods in 2009. Data analysis tools were analytical statistics (T test with independent sample, Variance analysis) and descriptive statistics and potential analysis of indexes (by Lisrel software). Also model and inter pathways relation tests were performed using T soil test.The findings of this study show that the current status of cooperative organizations in human resources management aspects is almost favorable, but there is a significant difference considering gender factions, education and work experiences. Among factors affecting human resources management in the cooperative organization, intellectual-human capital, ethical and Leo viewpoints and among human resources management factors, information system and motivation orientation are the most valuable. This study proposes the networking of cooperative organization society and higher occupation of women in key positions, enhancing free organizational communication tools, planning for attracting talented individuals with extraversion, peaceful and suitable personalities, creating team working motivation, establishing structures adaptable to quality circles, entrusting more authority, implementing ethical values, occupation development, evaluation based on function and reducing organizational limitations.

Considering the important position of the country's production cooperatives (i.e. the most advanced stage of cooperation) in development and stability of rural areas, the current study aims to identify and evaluate the factors affecting farmer's tendency towards joining production cooperatives in Tabas City, Yazd Province in 2007- 2008. Statistical population of the study consists of 1418 individuals, 32 women and 1386 men and the sample size of 120 persons was determined using Cochrane Formula. The prepared questionnaires were distributed using simple random method. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5 utilizing Spearman Correlation and Mann Whitney Tests in two sections, Descriptive (determining frequency and frequency percentage, mean, standard deviation and etc) and Analytic or Inferential.The most important descriptive results are: 1- Cooperative companies have suitable basis for attracting individuals' participation, 2- Agricultural inputs provided by the cooperatives to the members contribute to farmers' tendency towards joining, 3- The most effective information source of the members in their profession are rural production cooperative companies.The most important analytical and inferential results are: 1- Proximity of residence and the production cooperative company has significant meaning for the tendency of individuals to become a member, 2- There is a significant relationship between the managing director and the tendency of individuals to become a member, 3- Using Mann Whitney, there are significant differences between satisfaction, need, motivation, knowing the company, capital growth (each one individually) and the individuals' tendency to become a member.

Considering the public belief that the government has overgrown in the course of previous years and this trend confronts economic growth with difficulties, the current study examines the concepts of managers in regard of Southern Khorasan Province cooperation sector's tendency and capability for undertaking public's affairs in various economic fields of the province in 2007. Statistical population of the study consists of the 540 Members of the Board of Directors for active cooperatives of the province among which 117 persons were selected as sample using Cochrane Formula. The current study utilizes questionnaires to gather statistical data and T-Test for analyzing them. The studies variables consists of: 1) Dependant Variables including the capability of the cooperation sector for undertaking government's incumbencies in various economic fields, 2) Independent Variables including the perception of the cooperation sector of its own tendency and capability for undertaking government incumbencies.The results of the study show that although the cooperation section of the province is inclined towards entering various government activities, especially in the agriculture, husbandry and service sections, it lacks the necessary capabilities. Also the style of government management during the procedure of transferring its duties has been demonstrated using a proposed pattern. Based on this pattern, entrusting transferable activities of the government to the cooperation sector depends upon the tendency and capabilities of that sector. The results confirm a significant relation between capability and tendency and also between management potentials and other necessary capabilities, while the most important weakness in enhancing cooperation comes from its management aspect.

This study was performed to identify solutions for raising the required cash for cooperation sector of Golestan province in 2008.Statistical population of this study consisted of 313 individuals including all local experts and managers in active and semi active cooperatives.The study was carried out by surveying method and its data collection method was a combination of field and documentary methods. The required data was gathered using a questionnaire (tailor-made by the researcher) and were described and analyzed by using available descriptive statistics techniques (drawing uni-dimensional and bi-dimensional frequency distribution tables). Lack of proper consideration for team work culture, not utilizing the experience of innovator & entrepreneur individuals and lack of coordination between the laws & regulations of the cooperation sectors with that of the other sectors are among the major findings of this study. In light of the study's results, it is recommended for the Province's General Office of Cooperation to promote & establish large cooperatives, unions, chamber of cooperation and to organize training courses to introduce modern accounting methods.

Most important factors from which the public sector affects the development of cooperatives are the tax policies and supports. Taxes are one of the most important tools for allocating economical resources, redistribution of incomes and funding relevant expenses. Taxing a special activity or exempting some activities and regions from taxes are generally performed for optimized allocation of resources. In this study, conducted in survey method, the effect of some tax exemption patterns for Supporting the Establishment and Development of Cooperatives by Public Sector has been examined in 4 hypotheses in Esfahan city, 2007.The data gathering tool is a questionnaire, and obtained Cronbach’s Alpha coefficient in Pilot Study is 0.933, which demonstrates the high reliability of measuring tools of this research.The statistical population consists of the city cooperatives' managers and sample size has been calculated by Cochrane Formula and sampling method is Random Stratified type. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and Descriptive and Inferential Statistics were used, including Frequency, Percent, Cumulative Percent, Mean, Standard Deviation, One-Sample T Test, Independent-Samples T Test, One-Way ANOVA and LSD Test.The findings of the research confirm the research hypotheses and show that tax exemption system in terms of distinction between sectors, considering the regional differences in determining tax discount rates, tax support of research, development and information activities about tax discounts affects the process of establishment and development of the cooperatives. In conclusion, this article examines the viewpoints of the managers of cooperative companies in various taxing status.

More than half a century has passed since agriculture cooperative companies were established, but still these companies cannot fulfill a role befitting a national economical section with importance and expansion as that of agriculture has not yet found their true position in development and extension of sustainable agriculture. This study was conducted in 2008 aiming to examine the status of the agriculture cooperatives companies in Bushehr and Dashtestan cities and the factors contributing to the lack of success in these companies. The statistical population consists of all related experts and specialists in Bushehr's Province General Office of Cooperation and other related offices and the province's agricultural cooperative companies Managing Directors.Sampling method was simple random type and sample size was determined 56 persons using Neyman-Pearson method. Data gathering tool was a questionnaire with five choice questions (using Likert spectrum) and data analysis was carried out according to subject' s requirements by descriptive and inferential statistical methods (Hypothesis and T Tests).The results show that factors that play an important role in province's unsuccessful agricultural cooperative companies include: lack of cooperation and suitable reaction from province's executive bodies, high costs of raw material & provision, high commissions of bank facilities and long procedures for acquiring such facilities from banks and financial and credit institutes, insignificant capitals, lack of proper cooperation from the province's cooperative fund, unfavorable marketing and absence of proper information services in various fields.