CHEMICAL LEACHING OF ALUMINUM FROM RED MUD BY INDIVIDUALLY AND MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL ACIDS

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GHORBANI Y.; OULIAZADEH M.; SHAHVERDI A.R.; PIRAYEHGAR A.

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Journal: Year:2007 | Volume:41 | Issue:3 (105) Page(s): 343-353

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Title

CHEMICAL LEACHING OF ALUMINUM FROM RED MUD BY INDIVIDUALLY AND MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL ACIDS

Author(s)

GHORBANI Y. | OULIAZADEH M. | SHAHVERDI A.R. | PIRAYEHGAR A. | Issue Writer Certificate

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Abstract

In present research, chemical leaching of aluminum from red mud, the major waste product of the alkaline extraction of Al from bauxite, was examined. Bauxite is an ore with a high concentration of aluminum compounds. This high aluminum content makes bauxite a useful raw material for the extraction of aluminum. To produce primary aluminum, the aluminum compounds in the bauxite are first dissolved chemically, using caustic soda, in an alumina refinery. This produces aluminum oxide. Red mud, which is a slurry containing natural substances originally present in the bauxite. The ore residues with a residual amount of alkali - is left over from the process. The high concentration of iron compounds gives the waste product its characteristic red color. The amount of red mud produced depends on the aluminum content of the bauxite. Bauxite ores with a high aluminum content result in lower ore residues than bauxite ores with a lower aluminum content from the ore residues, one achieves the optimal conditions for disposal. This is also beneficial in two ways: The caustic soda can be recycled as part of an efficient closed loop system. Apart from remaining traces of alkali, the ore residues do not contain any industrial additives. Thus, red mud is not hazardous waste and can be disposed of in an environmentally neutral manner. In Germany, the mud is pumped through pipes to the plant’s own disposal site, where it is stored. Any caustic soda left behind after sedimentation is directed back to the production process. Natural impervious layers act as a seal for the disposal site to prevent seepage. Groundwater wells are used for control purposes and samples are taken several times a year to check whether any substances from the disposal site have entered the ground-water. Rain-water is pumped off and fed into a wastewater treatment plant. Different methods of red mud disposal are practiced throughout the world but none of them are known to be environmentally innocuous. Sulfuric, nitric, Citric, Oxalic, Gluconic, Malic and Lactic acids were employed individually or as mixtures in chemical leaching experiments. The preheating of red mud and its effect on leaching process has been studied. By using citric and sulfuric acids 78.2% and 93.7% of Al2O3 was extracted while the concentrate of Al2O3 was 12.5 and 14.5 g/l respectively. In case of mixture of acids (citric, oxalic and subsequent H2SO4 addition to reach pH to 1.5), the recovery was 84.6 while 13.5g Al2O3 came into solution. Despite of an impure solution of Al obtained with H2SO4 alone, it may be more efficient and economical due to high concentration extracted Al and high price of organic acids. In other hand, leaching of Al from red mud appears feasible an industrial scale using sulfuric acid. This work will open up a new era to beneficiate red mud through chemical and biotechnological rout in Iran.

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APA: Copy

GHORBANI, Y., OULIAZADEH, M., SHAHVERDI, A.R., & PIRAYEHGAR, A.. (2007). CHEMICAL LEACHING OF ALUMINUM FROM RED MUD BY INDIVIDUALLY AND MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL ACIDS. JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING (UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN), 41(3 (105)), 343-353. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/14495/en

Vancouver: Copy

GHORBANI Y., OULIAZADEH M., SHAHVERDI A.R., PIRAYEHGAR A.. CHEMICAL LEACHING OF ALUMINUM FROM RED MUD BY INDIVIDUALLY AND MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL ACIDS. JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING (UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN)[Internet]. 2007;41(3 (105)):343-353. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/14495/en

IEEE: Copy

Y. GHORBANI, M. OULIAZADEH, A.R. SHAHVERDI, and A. PIRAYEHGAR, “CHEMICAL LEACHING OF ALUMINUM FROM RED MUD BY INDIVIDUALLY AND MIXTURES OF ORGANIC AND MINERAL ACIDS,” JOURNAL OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING (UNIVERSITY OF TEHRAN), vol. 41, no. 3 (105), pp. 343–353, 2007, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/14495/en

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