IDENTIFICATION OF INJURIOUS BIRDS ON SUNFLOWER AND THEIR DAMAGE RATE EFFECTS OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUNFLOWER ON BIRD DAMAGE

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KHALEGHIZADEH A.; KHORMALI S.; ESPAHBODI A.; ALIZADEH E.; KHCHEBAGHI A.H.

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Journal: Year:2009 | Volume:21 | Issue:4 (81 IN AGRONOMY AND HORTICULTURE) Page(s): 80-87

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Title

IDENTIFICATION OF INJURIOUS BIRDS ON SUNFLOWER AND THEIR DAMAGE RATE EFFECTS OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUNFLOWER ON BIRD DAMAGE

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SAFFRONQ3

PLANTING METHODSQ3

ROW PLANTINGQ2

MASS PLANTINGQ3

CORM DENSITYQ3

Abstract

Birds are one of the important key pests to sunflower. To identify harmful birds on sunflower crops, this survey was conducted in different parts of Iran (Mazandaran, Golestan, Tehran, Qom & Khoy regions) during 2002-2003 on ripening sunflower heads. In this survey, 2866 sunflower heads were randomly selected. Six species were damaging on ripening seeds of sunflower heads. The injurious bird species were identified and distributed as follows: Rock Dove (Columba livia Gmelin), Karaj & Qom; European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis L.), Golidagh; House Sparrow (Passer domesticus L.), Karaj, Qom, Khoy, Gonbad& Mazandaran; Magpie (Pica pica L.), Karaj; Rook (Corvus frugilegus L.), Karaj & Khoy; Hooded Crow (Corvus corone L.), Karaj. In this survey, damage rate of 2866 sunflower heads were estimated both in farm fields and agriculture research stations.In farm fields, the damage was low (0.98% to 3.62%), while in research fields was high (43.5% at Karaj and 24.6% at Khoy).Morphometric measurements were consist of head height from ground surface (cm), head diameter (cm), sterile to head diameter ratio (%), head shape, form of stem and head angle. These factors were analysed with bird damage rate. Pearson correlation was used for the first 3 factors and ANOVA for the second 3 factors. Pearson correlation was significant only for the sterile (p<0.01). ANOVA showed significant differences between the groups of head angle (p<0.01) and head shape and stem form (p<0.05). According to the results, low sterile, concave and flat shapes, stem with no angle and head angles 16-25o were preferred items to select sunflower heads for researches of sunflower breeding.

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APA: Copy

KHALEGHIZADEH, A., KHORMALI, S., ESPAHBODI, A., ALIZADEH, E., & KHCHEBAGHI, A.H.. (2009). IDENTIFICATION OF INJURIOUS BIRDS ON SUNFLOWER AND THEIR DAMAGE RATE EFFECTS OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUNFLOWER ON BIRD DAMAGE. PAJOUHESH-VA-SAZANDEGI, 21(4 (81 IN AGRONOMY AND HORTICULTURE)), 80-87. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/18806/en

Vancouver: Copy

KHALEGHIZADEH A., KHORMALI S., ESPAHBODI A., ALIZADEH E., KHCHEBAGHI A.H.. IDENTIFICATION OF INJURIOUS BIRDS ON SUNFLOWER AND THEIR DAMAGE RATE EFFECTS OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUNFLOWER ON BIRD DAMAGE. PAJOUHESH-VA-SAZANDEGI[Internet]. 2009;21(4 (81 IN AGRONOMY AND HORTICULTURE)):80-87. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/18806/en

IEEE: Copy

A. KHALEGHIZADEH, S. KHORMALI, A. ESPAHBODI, E. ALIZADEH, and A.H. KHCHEBAGHI, “IDENTIFICATION OF INJURIOUS BIRDS ON SUNFLOWER AND THEIR DAMAGE RATE EFFECTS OF SOME MORPHOLOGICAL FACTORS OF SUNFLOWER ON BIRD DAMAGE,” PAJOUHESH-VA-SAZANDEGI, vol. 21, no. 4 (81 IN AGRONOMY AND HORTICULTURE), pp. 80–87, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/18806/en

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