Evaluation of the effect of the return of different types of plant residues to soil on the yield of maize and some soil characteristics in Shoushtar weather conditions

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HESAMI E.; JAHAN M.; NASSIRI MAHALLATI M.; FARHOUDI R.

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Journal: PLANT ECOPHYSIOLOGY (ARSANJAN BRANCH) Year:2020 | Volume:12 | Issue:41 Page(s): 134-147

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Title

Evaluation of the effect of the return of different types of plant residues to soil on the yield of maize and some soil characteristics in Shoushtar weather conditions

Author(s)

HESAMI E. | JAHAN M. | NASSIRI MAHALLATI M. | FARHOUDI R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

organic matterQ2

plant residuesQ1

plant protein and yieldQ1

Abstract

To investigate the effects of the residues of pre-cultivated plants on the physical and chemical properties of two types of soils and maize yield in the north of Khuzestan, an experiment was carried out at experimental farm of Shoushtar Faculty of Agriculture during 2014-15 and 2014-15. Two field experiments were performed in two years and two locations in a randomized complete block design. In this experiment, precultivated plants including wheat, rapeseed, bean and cabbage were cultivated in two types of soils, clay Loam soil and sandy Loam soil, and their crop residues returned in to the soil. The maize was cultivated in fields with these crop residues for two years, and then, soil properties, growth and yield characteristics of maize were studied. Measured values for such traits in sandy Loam soil were greater than clay Loam soil. The results showed that the use of the residues of pre-cultivated plants resulted in significant changes in soil quality as well as corn yield. The residues of pre-cultivated plants including beans, wheat, rapeseed and cabbage caused pH of soil by 2%, 3%, 2% and 2% showed significant reduce compared to control, respectively. Using residue of per-cultivated plants resulted in increased aggregate stability, organic matter, soil moisture, organic carbon, total amounts of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus by 50%, 49%, 40%, 33%, 22%, 24% and 70%, respectively, and this increase was remarkable in sandy Loam soils. Investigation of the effects of pre-cultivated plants over two years showed that the beneficial effect of the crop residues in the second year was better than the first year. The results of this study clearly indicated that the use of the crop residues of pre-cultivated plants in field increased growth, yield and yield components, and in this regard, the bean residues were more useful than other plants. The use of bean residues, as a pre-cultivated plant, in clay Loam soil and sandy Loam soil under cultivation of corn increased corn yield by 40% and 55%, respectively. Maintaining soil moisture and increasing soil nitrogen content in bean, wheat, and rapeseed and cabbage treatments were more than the control, caused to increased moisture by 29%, 32%, 25% and 19% and nitrogen by 88%, 25%, 40% and 40%, that was the most important reason for increasing corn yield by the crop residues of the pre-cultivated plants. In addition, the use of the crop residues of bean, wheat, rapeseed and cabbage compared to the control not only caused increase corn yield, but also improved the quality of corn protein (32%, 11%, 28% and 17%, respectively). These results suggest that the use of the crop residues in soil improves agricultural productivity by improving soil quality and acceptable maintaining soil moisture.

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APA: Copy

HESAMI, E., JAHAN, M., NASSIRI MAHALLATI, M., & FARHOUDI, R.. (2020). Evaluation of the effect of the return of different types of plant residues to soil on the yield of maize and some soil characteristics in Shoushtar weather conditions. PLANT ECOPHYSIOLOGY (ARSANJAN BRANCH), 12(41 ), 134-147. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/188441/en

Vancouver: Copy

HESAMI E., JAHAN M., NASSIRI MAHALLATI M., FARHOUDI R.. Evaluation of the effect of the return of different types of plant residues to soil on the yield of maize and some soil characteristics in Shoushtar weather conditions. PLANT ECOPHYSIOLOGY (ARSANJAN BRANCH)[Internet]. 2020;12(41 ):134-147. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/188441/en

IEEE: Copy

E. HESAMI, M. JAHAN, M. NASSIRI MAHALLATI, and R. FARHOUDI, “Evaluation of the effect of the return of different types of plant residues to soil on the yield of maize and some soil characteristics in Shoushtar weather conditions,” PLANT ECOPHYSIOLOGY (ARSANJAN BRANCH), vol. 12, no. 41 , pp. 134–147, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/188441/en

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