APPLICATION OF INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN DETECTION OF LOW- FREQUENCY SHADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROCARBONS

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GHANE EZABADI MEHDI; JAVAHERIAN ABDOLRAHIM

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Journal: JOURNAL OF THE EARTH Year:2012 | Volume:7 | Issue:23 Page(s): 31-50

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Title

APPLICATION OF INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN DETECTION OF LOW- FREQUENCY SHADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROCARBONS

Author(s)

GHANE EZABADI MEHDI | JAVAHERIAN ABDOLRAHIM | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSISQ2

SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORMQ2

CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORMQ2

LOW-FREQUENCY SHADOWQ2

SINGLE-FREQUENCY SECTIONQ2

INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ATTRIBUTESQ2

Abstract

INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS is a continuous time-frequency analysis technique that provides a frequency spectrum for each time sample of a seismic trace. Spectral analysis is a powerful tool for analysis of seismic data. Fourier transform determines the frequency contents of a signal. But for analysis of non-stationary signals, 1D transform to frequency domain is not sufficient. In early years, transforming of seismic traces into time and frequency domains was done with windowed Fourier transform, called a SHORT TIME FOURIER TRANSFORM (STFT). In this method, the resolution of the results in the time-frequency domain is controlled by the width of the selected window. CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORM (CWT) is a remedy to solve this problem by using the scalable wavelets. CWT uses dilation and transition of a wavelet to produce a time-scale map. By converting the scale to frequency one can get the time-frequency map which is comparable to the time-frequency map obtained from STFT. Converting a scalogram into a time-frequency spectrum using the center frequency of a scale gives an erroneous attenuation in the spectrum. The time-frequency CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORM (TFCWT) overcomes this problem and gives a more robust technique of time-frequency localization. Since TFCWT is fundamentally derived from the continuous-wavelet transform, wavelet dilation and compression effectively provides the optimal window length, depending upon the frequency content of the signal. Thus, it eliminates the subjective choice of a window length and provides an optimal time-frequency spectrum without any erroneous attenuation effect for a nonstationary signal. INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS utilizing TFCWT provides high-frequency resolution at low frequencies and high time resolution at high frequencies. Mapping of a seismic trace into the time-frequency domain produces a two dimensional data set by adding a frequency axis. In a similar way a 2D seismic section will generate a 3D data cube in which the third axis is the frequency up to the Nyquist frequency. Sections of single frequency extracted from the cube are called single frequency seismic section (SFS). Comparison of different SFSs can be utilized to detect LOW-FREQUENCY SHADOWs caused by the presence of the hydrocarbon reservoirs. This method can potentially be utilized as a tool for direct hydrocarbon detection. In this study, we applied TFCWT on 2D seismic sections and extracted a single frequency seismic attribute and INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ATTRIBUTES. The purpose of this study is to detect low-frequency anomalies in the real data is obtained from seismic. Hydrocarbon reservoirs in the path of seismic propagation, including the factors that high-frequency seismic signal components absorb and phenomenon called LOW-FREQUENCY SHADOWs creates in the seismic section. This phenomenon directly indicates the presence of hydrocarbons in the region in seismic. For this purpose, single- frequency seismic sections and INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ATTRIBUTES using time-frequency CONTINUOUS WAVELET TRANSFORM spectrum are calculated and the results of them used to detect hydrocarbon reservoirs. In the next stage, for increasing computational speed, INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ATTRIBUTES directly determined by time-scale spectrum and results implemented on the same data set.

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APA: Copy

GHANE EZABADI, MEHDI, & JAVAHERIAN, ABDOLRAHIM. (2012). APPLICATION OF INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN DETECTION OF LOW- FREQUENCY SHADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROCARBONS. JOURNAL OF THE EARTH, 7(23), 31-50. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/193058/en

Vancouver: Copy

GHANE EZABADI MEHDI, JAVAHERIAN ABDOLRAHIM. APPLICATION OF INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN DETECTION OF LOW- FREQUENCY SHADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROCARBONS. JOURNAL OF THE EARTH[Internet]. 2012;7(23):31-50. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/193058/en

IEEE: Copy

MEHDI GHANE EZABADI, and ABDOLRAHIM JAVAHERIAN, “APPLICATION OF INSTANTANEOUS SPECTRAL ANALYSIS IN DETECTION OF LOW- FREQUENCY SHADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH HYDROCARBONS,” JOURNAL OF THE EARTH, vol. 7, no. 23, pp. 31–50, 2012, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/193058/en

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