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Information Journal Paper

Title

APPRAISING PSYCHOSOCIAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF ECOTOURISM IN SACRED AND ENERGETIC SITES (CASE STUDY: TAKHT-E SOLEIMAN, THRONE OF SOLOMON, IRAN)

Pages

  37-44

Abstract

 Sustainabi1ityin Tourism is defined in different ecological, social, psychological and economical levels. Its sustainability depends on the quality of the tourists' experience and residents' benefits. Determining which levels of change could be locally acceptable and leads to the concept of tourist CARRYING CAPACITY. Tourism CARRYING CAPACITY is one of the most debated management tools for sustainability, showing the expectation of an objective measure and a tourist-bias for the relatively greater relevance given to the tourist's with respect to the resident's point of view.One of the purposes of ECOTOURISM is to relax and aspirate the natural energy. Sacred and Energetic sites are the locations for experiencing the relaxation. Since 2005, the Energy Tourism or spiritual Tourism has been developed in Iran (Sanaye Goldouz, 2007). There are some places in Iran which have a kind of energy as subtle energy for increasing personal health and awareness. These places have some restrictions in Tourism sustainability, so their CARRYING CAPACITY must be estimated. CARRYING CAPACITY can be used as an index number for identifying the management policies.Takht-e Soleiman (Azargoshnasb) in Iran is a historical site located in 45 kilometers northeast of the Takab city. It is the heritage remained from the Sassanid era (226-650 AD). Takht-e Soleiman (Throne of Solomon) is the home to one of the three famous Sassanid fire temples. It is also where the kings of the Sassanid dynasty were crowned.The historic monument in Takht-e Soleiman has been built around a lake in the form of an oval structure and is enclosed by a stone wall. In addition to historic monuments, those who travel to Takht-e Soleiman may also see an absolutely eye-catching lake with changing colors. The ancient site is most known for its Sassanid monuments such as: Azargoshnasb Fire Temple, Anahita Temple, Hadaya (Gifts) Museum, Zendan (Jail) Mountain, and Belgheis Castle.Takht-e Soleiman (Throne of Solomon) is an important archeological site in Iran which was not only registered by UNESCO in 2003 as a world heritage, but also was inscribed in the world sacred sites list in 1967. From 2005, many tourists travel to this site to receive its energy each year. In general, there are three types of ecotourist in Takht-e Soleiman. The foreign tourists travel to this site because it is an archeological site. Iranian tourists are the aboriginals and the others from the other cities of Iran. The third type is the ENERGY TOURISTs or SPIRITUAL TOURISTs who travel to this site for receiving the natural and subtle energy. These tourists turn around the holy lake and meditate or promenade in silence in Takht-e Soleiman.In this research, psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY of the energy tourism in sacred site (Takht-e Soleiman) was surveyed. In order to indentify psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY, the management indicators that affect the CARRYING CAPACITY, were determined. According to these indicators, the questionnaires were provided. 140 of 150 tourists were traveled to Takht-e Soleiman for receiving the energy responded to the questionnaires in a summer vacation in 2007. The travel goal of 36 persons was curiousness and the travel goal of the rest (104 persons) was receiving energy.The contingency tables were provided. In the analysis of the tables, the fisher's test was used. After statistical analysis, with p-value = 0.017£0.05, the number of psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY which identified density, crowding levels and encounter preferences was less than 150 persons daily in recreation season (summer) when Takht-e Soleiman was very crowded. The acceptable number of psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY has been shown in Table 1.   Table1: Contingency table of travel goals and acceptable density     Travel goals Acceptable Density & Encounter Preferences       Total     Cumulative percent Less than 150 Persons Percent More than 150 Persons Percent Curiousness Receiving Energy Total 31   69   100 86.2   66.3   71.4 5   35   40 13.8   33.7   28.6 36   104   140 100   100   100                         Then the contingency table between the acceptable density and the seating was provided. The number of psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY has been shown in Table 2.This number specially identified the acceptable density around the holy lake with p-value = 0.042£0.05.   Table1: Contingency table of travel goals and acceptable density       Seating Acceptable Density & Encounter Preferences       Total     Cumulative percent Less than 150 Persons Percent More than 150 Persons Percent Around the lake in the monuments Total 94   6   100 82.5   54.5   80 20   5   25 17.5   45.5   20 114   11   125 100   100   100                         As it was shown in Table 2, the ENERGY TOURISTs like to meditate and turn around the lake in silence and to meet utmost 150 persons who have the same travel goal. It shows that the holy lake in Takht-e Soleiman is very attractive and eye-catching.The number of psychosocial CARRYING CAPACITY can be used in management programs as an index number.This number was estimated while in Takht-e Soleiman it was just one guard with unsuitable management and no planning was existed for dividing the three types of tourists. Increasing the number of ENERGY TOURISTs day by day in Takht-e Soleiman and bringing again into activity and prominence, the management conditions and planning must be improved to arrange the tourists. Also, training, suitable planning for different kind of tourists, improving facilities, increasing the number of guards and leaders are necessary.

Cites

References

Cite

APA: Copy

SANAYEH GOLDOUZ, S., & MAKHDOUM, M.. (2009). APPRAISING PSYCHOSOCIAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF ECOTOURISM IN SACRED AND ENERGETIC SITES (CASE STUDY: TAKHT-E SOLEIMAN, THRONE OF SOLOMON, IRAN). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, 35(51), 37-44. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/3003/en

Vancouver: Copy

SANAYEH GOLDOUZ S., MAKHDOUM M.. APPRAISING PSYCHOSOCIAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF ECOTOURISM IN SACRED AND ENERGETIC SITES (CASE STUDY: TAKHT-E SOLEIMAN, THRONE OF SOLOMON, IRAN). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES[Internet]. 2009;35(51):37-44. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/3003/en

IEEE: Copy

S. SANAYEH GOLDOUZ, and M. MAKHDOUM, “APPRAISING PSYCHOSOCIAL CARRYING CAPACITY OF ECOTOURISM IN SACRED AND ENERGETIC SITES (CASE STUDY: TAKHT-E SOLEIMAN, THRONE OF SOLOMON, IRAN),” JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, vol. 35, no. 51, pp. 37–44, 2009, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/3003/en

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