A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REPRESENTATION OF IRANIAN RHYTHMIC CYCLES (ADWAR IQA'I) AND CYCLIC TIME

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AZADEHFAR M.R.

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Journal: HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA Year:2008 | Volume:- | Issue:32 Page(s): 119-126

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Title

A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REPRESENTATION OF IRANIAN RHYTHMIC CYCLES (ADWAR IQA'I) AND CYCLIC TIME

Author(s)

AZADEHFAR M.R. | Issue Writer Certificate

Keywords

CYCLIC TIMEQ2

IQAQ2

LINEAR TIMEQ3

METREQ3

RHYTHMQ3

Abstract

The long-standing argument as to whether Western notation is a proper way of representing non-Western music remains an unresolved challenge for ethnomusicologists today. One suggested solution is that of employing the own approaches of the group or nation whose music is to be analyzed (see for instance Nettl 1983: 79); nonetheless, in spite of all the arguments, it is very rare to find ethnomusicological studies using this approach as their main analytical tool. This article aims to examine practically the methods developed by Persian musicians most of which are shared with approaches used in Arabic poetry and music for the representation of RHYTHM and how this system matches the notion of cyclicity of time. The engagement of time and music has long been one of the ways of describing and illustrating the complicated nature of the element of time itself in philosophy. The CYCLIC TIME versa LINEAR TIME is an issue which has drowns the attention of many scholars. In this outlook, there is a sense of dividing different style of music or even music of different cultures with regard to cyclic and LINEAR TIME. The notion of the cycle is a shared concept among Persian scholars for describing RHYTHMic patterns. Persian music theorists from Ibn Sina (Avicenna 974-1037) devoted their attention to the phenomenon of the cycle, which they used to describe both the primary parameters of music, RHYTHM and pitch. There are several methods in Persian scholarly works for the representation of RHYTHMic modes, some of which are oral and others are written. The oral way of showing RHYTHMs in Persian music unlike poetry, of course has not been standardized and does not follow a set of broad rules, as exists in Indian music for example. The writing down of these RHYTHMs has been developed by music scholars in various ways that in most cases share the principles of emphasizing the cyclic notion of time. Exploring cyclic representational systems of RHYTHM in Persian music, this article mainly deals with the analogy between the systems of presenting RHYTHM in old manuscripts of Iranian music and the notion of cyclicity of time in some recent works of scholars such as Joseph Needham, William Friedman, Zucker Kandl, Stanley Brain Hoffman, Olivier Lartillot and Mondher Ayari. This comparison shows that the fundamental concept of representation of CYCLIC TIME in recent works follow the same rules presented in treatises written by Iranian music theorists in more than seven hundred years ago. The most interesting analogy drawn in this article is between the representational systems used by Iranian theorists in manuscripts such as al-Adw?r and that of new approach presented by Jeff Pressing (1993). In this analogy the author shows how the helix introduced by Pressing is matched by dowr thaq? Awwal presented by Saf? al-din Urmaw?. This study shows that the principal of representing cyclic aspects of time offered by recent scholars follow the same rules as presented by Iranian music theorists in more than seven hundred years ago.

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References

رساله موسیقی، به کوشش حسینعلی ملاح

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APA: Copy

AZADEHFAR, M.R.. (2008). A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REPRESENTATION OF IRANIAN RHYTHMIC CYCLES (ADWAR IQA'I) AND CYCLIC TIME. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, -(32), 119-126. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/5704/en

Vancouver: Copy

AZADEHFAR M.R.. A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REPRESENTATION OF IRANIAN RHYTHMIC CYCLES (ADWAR IQA'I) AND CYCLIC TIME. HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA[Internet]. 2008;-(32):119-126. Available from: https://sid.ir/paper/5704/en

IEEE: Copy

M.R. AZADEHFAR, “A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN REPRESENTATION OF IRANIAN RHYTHMIC CYCLES (ADWAR IQA'I) AND CYCLIC TIME,” HONAR-HA-YE-ZIBA, vol. -, no. 32, pp. 119–126, 2008, [Online]. Available: https://sid.ir/paper/5704/en

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