Introduction: Enteral nutrition (EN) is crucial for patients that cannot feed orally. Different mixtures have been used for EN and several advantages and limitations have been mentioned for each. Home-made, hospital blenderized liquids have long been used in clinical setting. Hospital prepared formulas (HPF) are still preferred in Iran. There is no standard method for preparing these feedings. The purpose of this study was to analyze the nutritional quality and viscosity of standard hospital prepared formula in Kamyab hospital.Methods: This was a descriptive study which analyzed macronutrients, osmolality and viscosity of standard hospital prepared formula samples based on exchange list. To compare mean values and standard deviation one sample t test was used.Result: Caloric density of samples ranged from 77-96 kcal/100 g and the percentages of total weight for carbohydrate were 10.7, 11.3, and 6.5; for Protein and fat were 4.1 and 3.8 g/100 ml. The average variability of the viscosity was 35-110 centipoise, and osmolality ranged from 145-345 mosm/kg.Conclusion: The results showed that exchange list was reliable. This standard formula had an acceptable level of macronutrient and if it prepared like the recipe, it would supply energy requirement of patients.

Due to the ambiguity and uncertainty in the nature of nanotechnology, its commercialization requires the creation of an appropriate regulatory system, which requires technology standardization. Technology standardization, on the one hand, provides the infrastructure for safety, health, and the environment, and on the other hand, facilitates the necessary conditions for commercialization and global competitiveness. This research aims to study the standardization frameworks in support of nanotechnology and can help highlight the strengths, and identify policy and institutional weaknesses in nanotechnology standardization, and provide a good guide to address these policy gaps for policy makers. In this research, using comparative analyses, the nanotechnology standardization approaches in Iran is compared to leading countries (United States, Germany and China). The results show that standardization needs are almost the same in different stages of the nanotechnology life cycle in countries and the difference is in how to meet the needs, implement policies and address the challenges arising from development and application of technology. On the other hand, despite the relative appropriate position of nanotechnology standardization in Iran compared to the studied countries, maintaining and promoting this position requires strengthening nanometrology infrastructure, developing laboratory equipment, bridging the gap between research and standardization, attracting private sector participation, developing specialized institutions and focus on educational activities.

Background and Objective: Interventional clinical trial is the study in which the participants are simultaneously placed in the intervention and control groups to investigate the cause- effect relationship between an intervention and an outcome. Because of the probability of some bias in human intervention, non-standard clinical trials design produce unreal interventional results. For standardizing the clinical trials, Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) statement was presented that is a guideline including the design, implementation and reporting of the results. CONSORT statement includes a flowchart and a Flow Diagram. CONSORT statement has a 25-item list that describes how to write a title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, registration, and access study protocol and sources of research funding. In the Flow Diagram of CONSORT, the way to access the participants, along the study, is taken into consideration. Of the importance of clinical trials on new diagnostic and therapeutic methods, present study was conducted to survey and evaluate the performance of CONSORT statement.

Object: Since Spielberger's State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory–2 (STAXI–2) has enormous potential for research and therapy, the current study aimed to investigate psychometric properties and normalization of STAXI–2 among Iranian college students.Method: Descriptive–survey research method, developing an instrument one, was used. 1140 students (Mean age=21.92, SD=2.89) were drawn from Tehran University via cluster sampling method. 554 (48.6%) and 586 (51.4%) participants were females and males respectively. Among participants 1080 were singles. The participants were asked to complete two instruments. One of these instruments STAXI–2 and other was one of Multi–dimensional Anger Inventory, Over controlled Hostility Scale, Oxford Happiness inventory, Emotional and NEO- Five Factor Inventory.Results: There were not observed significant differences between females and males participants in most sub–scales of STAXI–2. Also data analysis demonstrated that STAXI–2 and its subscales had significant relationship with parallel instruments. Moreover, the results showed significant mean differences between two groups including high and low emotion intelligence groups and all subscales of STAXI–2. Factor analysis also extracted as many as factors in any part of STAXI–2 in comparison with original version. Based on T scores, separate norms tables were reported.Conclusion: STAXI–2 has an appropriate validity and reliability to measure anger in Iranian young population. Therefore, STAXI–2 as a state and trait assessment device can be used in clinical sets and research.