Since 1978, acrylic fibers have been prepared by slurry polymerization comprizing of about 94% acrylonitrile (AN) and 6% methyl methacrylate (MA) as a comonomer to a make bulky polymer and improve the dyeability of acrylic fibers in a continuous process by redox initiatior (potassium persulfate and ammonium, ferrous sulfate). The slurry polymer obtained after neutralization, washing and drying are converted to polymer powder. The polymer is dissolved in dimethyl formamide (DMF) and converted to acrylic fibers. Since 1998, it has been suggested that MA may be replaced by vinyl acetate (VAc), because VAc has properties like MA and is a monomer produced by Arak Petrochemical CO. Therefore, in this project AN and VAc were polymerized under the same conditions of AN and MA copolymerization process. Many tests have been carried out on the resulted polymer such as IR, viscosity, particle size, whiteness of polymer powder and similar results were obtained as in the for former copolymer. In this work some important factors such as concentration of VAc, time and temperature of polymerization reaction and also speed of agitator have been optimized.

Bread plays a significant role in the diet of a large portion of the Worlds population. Increasing of bread consumption, low capacity of silos and limitation of harvest time are factors that cause wheat flour consume in bakeries and factories immediately after harvesting. In maturing process of flour, its quality will improve, gluten content of dough increases and dough quality becomes better. Flour may treat with different additives for:1) Flour bleaching, 2) Improve of baking quality, 3) Improve of gluten properties, 4 )Improve of amylaze activity of flour. In addition of chemical agents, physical methods can also improve flour quality. In this study, maturing of flour by chemical and physical methods and common methods for flour storage (bag) were compared. In order to physical maturing of flour a container with mixer was designed and constructed and flour samples were stored in it for different times. Final quality of Lavash breads that prepared from these treatments were evaluated. Results showed that flour storage improve its properties. The best period for providing bread quality for flour storage in bag was 20 days were as in container with mixer was 2 days. Storage of flour in cantainer with mixer for 10 days and addition of benzoyel peroxide (45 ppm) was selected as the best physical and chemical treatment, respectively.

Sugar cane bagasse was delignified to prepare a cellulose pulp. The pulp was modified by graft copolymerization with styrene monomer, using potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator. Ethylene glycole dimethacrylate (EGDM) and divinylbenzene (DVB) were used as cross-linkers to prepare a three-dimensional grafted network with maximum toluene absorption capacity. The graft polymerization variables such as: KPS, EGDM, (or DVB), time and bath temperature of the reaction were optimized. Toluene uptake by the resin prepared under the optimized conditions such as: bagasse 4.7%, styrene 15.6%, KPS 1.09%, EGDM 0.78%, temperature 80°C, time 1 h, stirrer rpm 400 was measured to be 800%.

Emulsion copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA) in water was carried out using a basic formula from the raw materials and a semi-batch method in a laboratory scale. Five series of lattices were synthesized by changing ratio of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) to nonyl phenol polyethylene glycol ether (NP-20) in pre-feeding and emulsion solution and also the initiator concentration. All of the syntheses were carried out in the same condition using a constant molar ratio of monomers, water amount and sodium bicarbonate (as a buffer) with the aim of obtaining the highest conversion. The physical properties of the latex samples were also measured. The final conversion of the A 5-2 and A 5-3 samples was above 96% by using molar ratios of SDS to NP-20 in pre-feeding, 1.96 for both samples, and in emulsion solutions, 1.47 and 0.98, respectively and also 4 wt% solution of potassium persulphate for each synthesis. The typical sample, A 5-2 showed 14.5 min drying time, 3.88% absorbed water, the amount of adhesion IB and the cup flow time of 26.3s.

Electrically Conductive polymer Latex materials that possess good electricala and Latex properties are prepared in two steps: first, a concentrated emulsion is generated by dispersing with stirring a toluene solution of pyrrole (PY) and host polymer (isobutylated urea-formaldehyde resin) and emulsifier (Span-80 or poly (N-Vinyl pyrrolidon)). Secondly, the oxidative polymerization of monomer is carried out by introducing with stirring an aqueous solution of an oxidant [(NH4) 2 S2O8] and a dopant (Para-toluene Sulfonic acid).After polymerization, prepared latex have been extensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), FT-IR spectroscopy, four point conductivity measurement and DSC.

In this work, first, copolymer of butyl acrylate/vinyl acetate (ButAc-co-VAC) was prepared by emulsion polymerization in aqueous medium. In the second step, aniline was polymerized in the copolymer matrix by chemical oxidation polymerization. Polymerization of aniline was carried out in the presece of p-toluene sulfonic acid (PTSA) as do pant.Ammonium per sulfate was used as an initiator. Purified composite material of Polyaniline/ (BuA-VAc) was dissolved in dichlorometane byusing mechanical mixer. The films was prepared by casting method. The four-point conductivity measurements showd that the blend conductivity is 2.8 S. cm-1. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) revealed that the blend materials are electroactive. It was shown that the electrical activity of polyaniline was transfered successfully to the blend. Amount of conductivity compared with various do pant ions. The mechanical properties of the films indicated that the blend could be considered as an elastomer.