Background and Objective: Phenol presence and its derivatives in water and waste water on human health and the environment is one the major concerns. Because of the toxicity of phenol and also because of the presence of even low concentrations in natural resources, water disinfection and oxidation processes can lead to the formation of additional components. This material is one of the most common organic pollutants in water. In this research, adsorption of phenol from wastewater by sawdust was simulated using intelligent techniques. Method: Intelligent techniques including multi-layer Perceptron, radial basis functions network and support vector regression were used. To design the network structure as well as the training and testing of 125 sets of experimental data is used. Performance evaluation criteria and stop network consists of % AARE and R2, which is used for all three models. Findings: All models compared results showed that the support vector regression with 0. 5132 and 0. 979, respectively, for %AARE and R2 is the best model. All models are better results than the quadratic polynomial model showed. Discussion and Conclusion: Models showed good agreement with experimental data. The optimum conditions for the removal of phenol were 127. 6 mg/l of initial phenol concentration, 0. 84 g/l of adsorbent dose, natural pH value of 3. 62 and 146. 9 min of contact time, under these conditions the maximum removal efficiency was 91. 23%.

Plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from different parts of flowers in some genotypes of petunia and ornamental tobacco was investigated. Also the effects of cold treatments, light, darkness and culture medium with different combinations of growth regulators were studied. After sterilization, explants were cultured aseptically. The results showed that the genotypes and different explants from the same genotype affected differently the callus and plant regeneration. Maximum regenerated plants from pedicel culture in petunia (Pc 622 genotype) and in tobacco (N. glutinosa Linn. genotype) were 16% and 179%, respectively. The best culture medium was Murashage and Skoog (MS) with 3 mg 1-1 BAP and 0.2 mg 1-1 NAA. On this medium, the two mentioned genotypes regenerated 90 and 562 % plants from pedicel culture, respectively. No regeneration was obtained from different explants without cold treatment and a period of 7 to 9 days cold treatment increased the rate of regeneration in different genotypes of petunia and tobacco. The effects of light and dark treatments on the rate of regeneration in N. glutinosa were depended to explants. In N. glutinosa regenerated plants from ovary was 10% in darkness and 2.4% in light, while for explants obtained from pedicel, adversely, there were 226% and 112.5% in light and dark, respectively.

Experiments were conducted to micropropagate sweet lime from shoot- tip (5 mm long) and single-node (5-10 mm long) explants. The explants were surface sterilized and cultured on basic MS medium supplement with various concentrations of benzyladenin (BA) in combination with different concentrations of kinetin (Kin) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). A combination of 1.25 mg I-1 BA with 0.5 mg I-1, NAA and 0.5 mg I-1 Kin was the most suitable, treatment for shoot proliferation using both explants. Shoots obtained from in vitro culture were subcultured four times, each with a 4-week interval, on a fresh medium. Effects of some other variables, such as explant source and adding gibberellic acid (GA3) to the medium, on shoot proliferation rate, were also studied. Single-node, explants, compared to shoot-, tip explants had a better response to in vitro conditions. For rooting, basic MS medium with half or full concentrations of salts plus vitamins, 1.5 or 3%, sucrose and 6 g I-1 agar were used. A five-second quick-dip in sterilized 500 mg I-1 NAA solution before inserting the explants on the medium or direct transferring of the explants on a medium containing 0.25 mg I-1 BA and 0.25 mg I-1 NAA resulted to a good rooting after 4 weeks. The rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in a sterilized vermiculite mixture which was superior to quartz, peat moss or mixtures of the three rooting media. Plantlets irrigated with one-eight-concentration of MS salt solution in first week, were easily acclimatized.

INTRODUCTION: One of the problem.sin general places such as barbery is lack of enough knowledge of employers about importance of hygiene in their profession. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the knowledge of the barbers in Sanandaj about transmission and prevention of communicable diseases in barbery.MATERIALS & METHODS: This was an observational-descriptive study. All of the 181 barbers in Sanandaj were included in the study. The data was collected by means of questionnaire and a check list.RESULTS: This study showed that 3.8% of the barbers were awarded about the most important communicable diseases in their job. About 82% of them expressed the reused blades as the main vector of transmission, and about 81% noticed the importance of sterilization as to be very much for preventing the transmission of the diseases. About 29% of them believed in sterilization and once-application tools.CONCLUSIONS: Since the barbery is a susceptible place for transmitting the pathogenic micro organisms, it seems to be necessary to develop the hygiene training programs through broadcasting for the people, to train the barbers to increase their knowledge about the diseases, and to continuously evaluate them.

Swimming of tinagers, young's and even adults in rivers and nonsanitarian and nonstandard pools is one of the important health problem which results transmision and incidance of disease in swimmers. Besides dangers caused by over - mentioned disease, beauty of pools requires that the swimming pools must be healthy and contain lack of any pathogenic agents.Continuous flow pools are the most suitable pools for higenic purposes. The rate of residual chlorine in the pool water should not be less than 0.4 PPM and more than 1 PPM in all time. In this case PH is 7-7.5.If PH is 8-8.9, the rate of residual chlorine must be more than 1 PPM The criteria for the cleanliness of pool water are the same as drinking water. Therefore it is favorable to take two samples in a week when the input of pool is maximum and samples must be sent to the laboratory for all bacteriological and biochemical tests according to standard methods. In order to Judge about the real bacteriological quality of poor water it's better to add S2O3Na2 to the sample bottles. The temperature of water should not be more than 260C. The temperature of pool environment must be 2°C warmer than the water.In a case that alom Al2 (SO4)3 are used as coagulant, PH of water must always be more than 7.