Pomegranate seed contains high nutritional valuable bioactive compounds that are considered as losses in pomegranate processing factories due to lack of suitable processing methods on it. So this research was conducted with the aims of recognition physical, chemical and thermal properties of Pomegranate seed oil. In order to measuring its physical, chemical characteristics, the classical methods were used. The results showed values for viscosity, refractive index, colorimeter index (Yellow/Red): 155centipoise, 1.5088-1.5095, 6.71 respectively. Besides predominant fatty acids were ponicic, linoleic and oleic. Tri acyl glicerols of Pomegranate seed oil were classified in 5 categories by ECN as of 36, 38, 40, 42 and equal or more than 44. The highest tri acyl glycerols were with ECN=36. Pomegranate seed oil contains phenol, tocol and esterol compounds as of 168.13, 425.995 and 598.7 milligrams per kilogram of oil respectively.Thermal properties of the Pomegranate seed oil and the amounts of the released or absorbed energies were measured by differential scanning calorimetery. There were different melting and soliding points in this oil that resulted of different tri acyl glycerols structures. Our results suggested that the Pomegranate seed oil, which have high nutrition properties, can be used in food and medical industries.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) is one of the oldest edible fruits with high variability and is native to Iran. This research was conducted to evaluate the morphological and biochemical characteristics of eight local pomegranate cultivars including Aliakbari, Gar, Post ghermez, Golabi, Sorahi, Mirzaei, Yazdani and Lopsorkhi grown in Najaf-Abad region of Isfahan. Pomegranate fruits were harvested at full maturity stage and the considered traits were measured according to standard methods. Among the studied cultivars, the Post ghermez cultivar had the highest 100 aril (45. 2 g) fresh weight. The highest fruit peel thickness (4. 71 mm) was measured in Gar cultivar. Aliakbari cultivar had the highest amount of total anthocyanin content (1. 41 mg/100 g), total phenolic content (58. 56 mg/100 g) and titratable acidity (1. 06 mg/100 g). The highest phenotypic variation was seen in harvest index, and Lopsorkhi and Aliakbari cultivars had the highest and lowest values for this trait, respectively. Overall, Aliakbari and Sorahi cultivars due to the highest favorable traits can be introduced as the elite cultivars.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. that one Punicaceae) is one of the important economical and commercial horticultural plants cultivated in arid and semiarid parts of Iran. Also, due to the long history of pomegranate cultivation in Iran, genotypes from different regions with obvious similarities in appearance but with different names can be observed. Thus, the precise discrimination between. genotypes is essential for effective management for future pomegranate breeding programs. In this study, AFLP markers based on seven primer combinations (EcoR I/ Tru1 I) were used to evaluate genetic variation and Phylogenic relationship among 31 different. genotypes of native pomegranate belonging to seven of Iran provinces. According to the cluster analysis, a relatively low genetic diversity was observed across the.genotypes studied. Also, the results showed that the clustering of the cultivars didn’t concerne to morphological traits. The derived dendrogram proved that. genotypes are clustered independently from their geographical origin and their denomination. Heterozygosity index, Principal co-ordinates analysis (PCoA), Gst Index and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed noticeable similarity among studied populations and observed variation within populations was very low and near zero. The high level of morphological traits diversity in Iranian pomegranate and low level of polymorphism in genome organization of these. genotypes determined by AFLP markers may be related to the somatic propagation and also type of pomegranate pollination.