Introduction and Purpose: Adipose tissue is one of the most important sources of synthesis and secretion of adipokines. A change in the content of this tissue can disrupt this balance and lead the body to unfavorable conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of whole body resistance training on the serum levels of furin, adipoline and C-reactive protein in overweight elderly men.Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental research, 30 overweight elderly men participated and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people). The experimental group performed resistance exercises for 12 weeks, 3 sessions each week for 60 minutes (10, 40 and 10 minutes of warm-up, exercise and cool-down, respectively). Blood samples were collected 48 hours before and after the intervention period to measure the serum levels of furin, adipulin and C-reactive protein. Data were analyzed using covariance test and paired t test at a significant level of 0.05.Results: TRX exercises caused a significant increase in the serum level of furin, CRP, Adipoline and a significant decrease in the serum level of C-reactive protein (P≤0.05). in the post-test of the experimental group. The results of the covariance test showed that the amount of all three indicators in the experimental group decreased significantly compared to the control group (P≤0.05).Discussion and Conclusion: It seems that this type of exercise can have an effect on the serum level of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory indicators in elderly people.

Background: Adipulin is a hormone secretd by fat cells that acts as a metabolic regulator with antiinflammatory properties and is reduced through obesity, diabetes and inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of high and moderate intensity aerobic exercise on serum adipolin levels and some indicators of metabolic syndrome in obese women. Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 36 people were randomly divided into three groups of 12 people (2 experimental groups and one control group). Aerobic exercise group with an intensity of 85-95% of maximum heart rate performed intermittent walking and running on the treadmill for 33 minutes per session and exercise group with an intensity of 50-70% of maximum heart rate walked continuously for 41 minutes. (Training duration for 2 groups was 8 weeks and 3 sessions per week, The control group was not active during this period). One-way analysis of variance statistical and Bonferroni post hoc tests were used at the significant level (P> 0. 05). Results: High intensity aerobic exercise significantly increased serum adipolin levels (P= 0. 001) and decreased total cholesterol (P= 0. 020), triglyceride (P= 0. 021) and insulin resistance (P= 0. 001). The results also showed no significant differences in the levels of high-density lipoprotein (P= 0. 615), low-density lipoprotein (P= 0. 604), and blood pressure (P= 0. 269) in the three groups. Medium-intensity aerobic exercise had no effect on serum adipoline levels (P= 0. 192), only glucose, (P= 0. 025), triglycerides (P= 0. 010), systolic blood pressure (P= 0. 028) and insulin (P= 0. 043) decreased and the levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and highdensity lipoprotein did not change significantly. Conclusion: In the end, it can be said that it seems that individuals can use high-intensity aerobic exercise to increase the amount of adipolin as an indicator of improving insulin sensitivity and also improving the indicators of metabolic syndrome.

Changes in furin and adipoline in obesity conditions may lead to the pathogenesis of diabetes and cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity resistance training on the serum levels of furin and adipoline in prediabetic obese men. In this semi-experimental study, 30 prediabetic obese men were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group participated in the exercise for 8 weeks and three sessions each week for 60 minutes with an intensity of 80 to 85% of a maximum repetition. The levels of furin, adipoline and insulin resistance were measured before and after the test. The results of covariance analysis showed the values of furin (P=0.001), glucose (P=0.001), insulin (P=0.001), and insulin resistance index (P=0.001) in the experimental group. Compared to the control group, there was a significant decrease and a significant increase in the level of adipoline (P=0.001). The intragroup results of paired t also showed a significant decrease in furin (P=0.001, -13.5%), insulin (P=0.001, -17.5%), glucose (P=0.001, -19.1) percent), insulin resistance (P=0.001, -40.8 percent) and a significant increase in adipoline (P= 0.003, 1.4 percent), in response to the exercise protocol. It seems that the levels of adipoline and furin are affected by indicators related to diabetes and body composition. On the other hand, probably high intensity in resistance training can be considered as an effective factor in improving inflammatory indicators.

Background: Many studies agree on the beneficial effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study investigates the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on the serum levels of adipulin and irisin in obese male rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods: 24 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into groups including healthy control, control fatty liver, and HIIT fatty liver. To induce obesity/fatty liver, rats were treated with a high-fat diet for 10 weeks. Lee index was used to ensure disease induction. Rats in the training group performed the HIIT program on a rodent treadmill (8 weeks and 5 sessions per week). 48 hours after the last training session, blood was taken, and serum analysis was done by ELISA method. Findings: A decrease was seen in serum irisin and adipulin levels in the fatty liver control group compared to healthy control (P = 0.001). The results indicated a significant increase in irisin serum levels in the HIIT-fatty liver group compared to the fatty liver control (P = 0.001). Also, no significant difference was observed between the HIIT-fatty liver and the healthy control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Irisin and adipulin increase are proposed as mechanisms of HIIT effect as a way to counter the harmful effects of obesity and fatty liver.