Applying different methods and tools to finance Different economic sectors with risk and risk and return on investment and financing is always alongside And because of the investment decisions Always on the basis of and considerate relationship Between risk and returns. Investors should always invest in their decisions Consider the risk. Because of the importance and effectiveness of the risk, as well as the impossibility of eliminating risk It must identify, calculate and manage the risks. The need to pay attention to this issue is that Expansion and deepening of the financial market in the country should be to eliminate the country's restrictions on the attraction of capital According to religious considerations and, at the same time, respond to the basic needs of society It should be done by developing the capital market of Iran and diversifying its existing tools. Introduction of Intangible Bonds as a powerful financial tool for financing various economic sectors Considering the potential and actual risk assessment and design of risk coverage of these securities to expand and publicly accept it in Iran's financial system Can solve many challenges of Iran's financing system. In this paper, descriptive-analytic method was used using questionnaire data and AHP method We study the hypothesis that "Among the operational models of: Bonds Istisna'a, the Stock Exchange Organization model is the optimal model for risk coverage. " To examine this hypothesis, some risks of issuing embedded securities in the form Istisna'a model Parallel Stock market Istisna'a model indirect Studied The results show that the risk coverage among the operating models of embedded securities, the stock model is the best model for risk coverage.

The growth and development of each country depends on targeted and managedinvestment. One of the most important sectors of the Iran economy is the oil industry, which continuously needs basic investments, in order to continue to operate in line with domestic and international economic conditions. It is clear that investment also requires financing and the use of appropriate tools. The debt market is one of the most important and most effective components of modern economic and financial systems, so that it can be argued that both the economic theory and the experience of the various developed and developing countries in the last few decades indicate that the achieving to a dynamic, deep and efficient financial systemis not fundamentally possible without a healthy debt market with proper operation and adequate depth. Considering the conditions in Iran that need to pay enough attention to bonds on the one hand and support the country's revenue-generating artery (energy sales) on the other hand, directing the source of funds to oil industry projects should be the focus of attention in order tostrength the sources of productive power and wealth of the country by developing such resourcesBy using a library-descriptive method, this paper attempts to map out the appropriate financing solution for oil industry projects. One of the tools for financing in the debt market is the use of Islamic treasury bills. In this research, the use of Islamic treasury bills for the financing of oil industry projects has been outlined. The results show that using the graphic method of this research helps to reduce the amount bonds.

Many concepts in chemistry are abstract. Atomic structure, bonding between atoms, ions, etc. are all almost fundamental issues and most students have a misunderstanding in understanding these issues. Misunderstandings are preconceived notions, non-scientific beliefs, simple and unpretentious theories, wrong concepts or conceptual misunderstandings, which are one of the most important factors that prevent students from meaningful and permanent learning. As a result, it is necessary for teachers to be aware of these misunderstandings in order to help students understand the material in depth. In order to investigate misunderstandings related to chemical bonds, a research was conducted among thirty-eight experimental students (all three grades) of al-Zahra School. Investigations showed that students have a misunderstanding in understanding ionic and covalent bonds as well as classifying chemical bonds. For example, they believe that the number of electrons lost or gained will establish an ionic bond, and such misunderstandings are investigated in this research.

The article starts with a short introduction on the author's purpose in writing it. It then discusses the village and its characteristics and provides some information concerning planting, growing and harvesting as well as preserving pomegranates in traditional ways. The existing varieties of pomegranates, their special local names and usage are presented too.The author tries to show the economic, social, cultural, legal and religious positions of pomegranate in order to indicate its significance in the life of the villagers to establish social relations with other villagers in the region.

The cohesive factor in solids is the electrostatic interaction of attraction between the negative charges of electrons and the positive charges of the nucleus. Solids are classified based on lattice symmetry and chemical bonds. On the other hand, based on the spatial distribution of electrons, chemical bonds can be classified into 5 categories: ionic bonds, covalent bonds, van der Waals or molecular bonds, hydrogen bonds, and metallic bonds. The coupling of two dipoles, one due to oscillations, and the other due to the electric field produced by the former, leads to an attracting force, which is called van der Waals force. The van der Waals bond is relatively weak. In contrast, ionic bonding results from the electrostatic interaction of oppositely charged ions. There is a strong attractive Coulomb interaction between nearest neighbor ions, which is responsible for ionic bonding. The ionic bond is very strong, and experimentally, this strength is characterized by a relatively high melting temperature. The covalent bond is another important bond that exists in many solids. A covalent bond between two atoms is usually formed by two electrons, one from each atom participating in the bond. Normally the covalent bond is strong. On the other hand, metals are characterized by their high electrical conductivity. Electrons that can move between crystals are called conduction electrons. The main characteristic of metallic bonding is the low energy of valence electrons in metals compared to free atoms. Some qualitative factors of this truth are explained in this article. Metallic bonding is weaker than ionic and covalent bonding. Due to the misunderstandings of school and university students, which is the result of their previous ideas in the field of chemistry and different types of interatomic bonds, the present article has tried to express the types of interatomic bonds in solids and compare the strength of each by calculating and drawing diagrams of cohesive energies.