Introduction: Waist and hip circumference play important roles in epidemiologic and clinical studies. The purpose of the present study was to determine the effect of weight loss on the waist and hip circumference of overweight and obese women. Materials and Methods: This is a before-after experimental study carried out on 289 women between the ages of 18 and 73 years old. Demographic data were gathered. Weight and height was measured using standard protocols and Body Mass Index (BMI) was also calculated. Waist circumference (WC)-the minimum between the costal margin and iliac crest- and hip circumference (HC) -at the greater trochanters- were measured. Waist to hip ratio (WHR) was also calculated. Obesity was defined with a BMI>30 kg/m2, overweight with a 25 ≤BMI≤ 30kg/m2 and abdominal obesity with a WHR≥0.8.Results: The mean age of our subjects was 34.9±11.5years. At the beginning of the study, mean Wand BMI was 81.8±14.6 Kg and 31.8±5.4 kg/m2, mean WC was 95.3 ±10.3cm, mean HC was 114.6±10.8cm and mean WHR was 0.83±0.06. Two months after the diet recommended for weight reduction, W, BMI, WC, HC and WHR were 77.8±14.5 Kg, 30.4 ±5.4kg/m2, 91.1±10.5cm, 111.8±11cm and 0.81±0.06 respectively (P value <0.05 for all). Conclusions: Our findings suggest that in obese and overweight women a low calorie diet results in a significant weight loss with significant reduction in BMI, WC, HC, WHR. We also demonstrated that these changes in WC and HC have a direct connection with their primary BMI.    

Introduction: Obesity is a risk factor for the incidence of hypertension. Waist circumferences (WC) reflect abdominal fat distribution and provide a simple yet effective measure of truncal obesity, WC being correlated to blood pressure. In this study the relation between blood pressure and WC has been evaluated.Materials and Methods: The study is part of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP) and included 7806 persons; demographic data were collected by questionnaires and body weight, height, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and WC were measured.Statistical analysis was performed using correlation, logistic regression and general linear regression. Results: In all groups, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were correlated to WC. In younger patients, WC was correlated more with systolic blood pressure (r=0/119 for male and 0.248 for female) (P<0.001); in older people (over 55 years), WC was correlated more too diastolic blood pressure (P<0.001). This effect was independent of BMI, sex, age and daily energy intake.Conclusion: WC which is related to total body fat especially abdominal distribution of fat is correlated positively to systolic and diastolic blood pressure; any increase of WC, even in persons with normal BMI could predict development of hypertension.

Infant's head circumference measurement and and its growth monitoring plays a crucial role in diagnosis the diseases which cause a deformation in the infant's head. Due to the fact that the contact measurement, which is performed using a tape measure and a caliper, has problems such as transmitting disease, infecting, not comfortable and disruption relaxing the baby, going to non-contact measurements is unavoidable. The purpose of this study is to provide a non-contact image based method for measuring the infant's head circumference. In this study, an algorithm was developed that calculates the infant's head circumference using an image taken above the infant's head and the scale index next to the head. The first step in calculating the head circumference is detecting and segmenting the baby's head in the image. In this regard, two the state of the art deep learning algorithms, MaskR-CNN and CRF-RNN, were compared in this study for accurately segmenting the infant's head. Subsequently, the head circumference pixels were detected by a fusion of the Canny edge detection and morphology algorithms. In the next step, the ground sample distance at suitable level was calculated using the scale tag in the image. Finally, the head circumference was calculated using the ground sample distance value and the number of pixels forming the head circumference. The evaluations show that the MaskR_CNN method with a total accuracy of 98. 8% is a more appropriate method than the CRF-RNN method for detection and segmentation of the head in the image. Also by comparing the results of the proposed algorithm with the actual values obtained by strip meter on 10 images, it was found that the error of the proposed method is about 1 to 3%.

Background: Anthropometric measures are important research goals especially because of racial differences and also variation in measurement techniques. In this study, head circumference in neonates weighing less than 2500 grams in Emam-Hosein hospital in 2018 was assessed. Aim: The aim of this study was to measuring head circumference in neonates weighing less than 2500 grams. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 neonates weighing less than 2500 grams in Emam-Hosein hospital in 2018 were enrolled. The head circumference in neonates was determined and also was compared according to gestational age, birth weight, and sex. Results: There were 53% males and 47% females. There were 85. 5% preterm neonates. Birth weight was less than 2000 gram in 12. 5%. Head circumference was low in 148 cases (74%). The head circumference was not differed by gestational age, birth weight, and sex (p > 0. 05). Conclusion: Totally, it may be concluded that head circumference is normal only in ¼,of neonates weighing less than 2500 grams and it is not an optimal goal for growth pattern monitoring.