Introduction: The prevalence of noncommunicable diseases is high in Iran. We postulated that multimorbidity may affect the rate of mortality from COVID-19. So, we investigated the relationship between multimorbidity and COVID-19 mortality. Methods: We used medical reports for collecting clinical laboratory data of patients with COVID-19 in this prospective investigation. Moreover, we documented whether the patient had a known diagnosis of different comorbidities. The patients with more than one comorbidity were considered multimorbidity. The length of follow-up was till participants were discharged from the hospital or deceased. The main outcome was to evaluate the relationship between multimorbidity and death in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Results: The present prospective study included 1842 patients with COVID-19 with a multimorbidity rate of 37. 40%. About 24. 6% of participants with more than four comorbidities died. However, this value was about 17% in participants with less than four comorbidities. The odds of mortality from COVID-19 were 53% greater in patients with diabetes. Also, the odds of death were 2. 05 (1. 21, 3. 45) times greater in patients with comorbidities≥4. Conclusion: The results indicated a high rate of multimorbidity in patients with COVID-19 which is related to a higher death rate. So, in countries with higher multimorbidity rates such as Iran, it is necessary to design efficient approaches to alleviate the spread of COVID-19.

In this research, first, an overall analysis is presented on personality of Mohammad Ibn Omar Ibn Abdolaziz famous as Ibn Ghuttieh is presented. Next, some poems from him are translated, reviewed and examined and some comprehensive views about each one of his works are presented. In addition, the books which he has used in compilation of his works and the people who later on have used his books in their works are addressed and discussed. In the meantime, it is referred to presence of variance in the sources and references.

One of the prominent shophists lived in 4th and 5th Hegira centuries (11th & 12th AD centuries) is Ibn Bakooyeh Shirazi. In a poetic verse that Saadi (14th AD century) mentioned Baba Koohi as pseudonym for Ibn Bakuyeh Shirazi and within a phrase written by Isa Ibn Joneid Shirazi (15th AD cen.) at Tazkereh-E- Hezar Mazar (literally Hgiography of Thousand Tombs) book with title of BabaKoohi as well as what Reza Gholi Khan Hedayat mentioned in Tazkereh Reyaz Al-Arefinbook (literally Hagiography of Mystics’ Gardens) in 20th AD century and ascribed a verse collection to a poet with Babakoohi as his pen name i.e. Ibn Bakuyeh Shirazi who had been most likely buried in Neishaboor City; all of these have caused him to be considered as the same person with another one under title of Babakoohi whose tomb situated at north Shiraz and a poet who was living during 16th AD century, based on the reliable and strong reasons. But, there are some signs by means of reliable works based on which Ibn Bakooyeh is a person rather than one was buried at north Shiraz and one who is known as Babakoohi so that the poems collection that was ascribed to him really does not belong to him.

The present paper seeks to represent one of the views in relation to the end of Imam Mahdi (A.S)’s life: the view, which according to some sayings and traditions has considered “martyrdom” as the ending of Imam’s life. This view is based on the traditions that generally consider martyrdom as the infallible leaders’ fate and some sayings that mention some points in the howness of his martyrdom. While our reviews deem such traditions and anecdotes to be incomplete to argue the martyrdom of Imam Mahdi, considering the fundamental differences between the periods of the first eleven Imams and the last one, there is no reason for such happening, because the dignity of great attempts of righteous people to establish life on the basis of justice and security on one hand, and the growth of human reason on the other hand principally leaves no motive to eliminate the promised savior. The current research, by analyzing such view, in order to answer how one can criticize the martyrdom of the promised Mahdi, has tried to investigate the propounded traditions from the viewpoint of source, authority and content. The findings of this investigation implies the documents on the martyrdom of Imam Mahdi are insufficient and since the normal fate of humans is a natural death, when we cannot prove the martyrdom with conclusive reasons, the inevitable destiny of Imam Mahdi’s life is different from that of his fathers which was martyrdom, and is a natural death.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease which transfers to human through female sand fly bite.Its two main types are cutanenous leishmana and visceral. Spread and incidence of this decease is affected by economical, social, cultural and especially environmental and ecological conditions. In the current research, the bio-clima conditions, the spread and incidence time of this decease have been studied and analyzed at Yazd- Ardakan plain in Yazd province. For the performance of this research, the daily meteorological elements of three (3) meteorological stations of Yazd, Ardakan and Meybod during the statistical period of 1997 up to 2009 were used and the information about the prevalence amount of this disease were collected during this time period from the contaminated areas and also health centres. The findings show that maximum disease incidence is happened in the second half of the year particularly in the autumn. There is a weak positive correlation with relative humidity, a strong inverse correlation with average temperature, minimum and maximum temperature and maximum wind speed and a week inverse correlation between the amount of day light hours and the incidence of the disease numbers, which is visible from the view point of the difference of townships located in Yazd- Ardakan plain, also a significant difference of Alpha 0.05 was approved about the incidence of this decease at these 3 townships.

Martin Heidegger has defined Dasein (i.e. a co-term for being in the world) as creature that enjoys existential worries as its salient feature. This fundamental feature has led it to existential questions, which have been the focal point of its existentialist thoughts. However, which one of Dasein's possibilities provides better opportunities to confront the world? Heidegger has introduced "death" as the most special possibility of Dasein. The present study is an attempt to explain lucidly Heidegger's implicit statements on ontological interpretation of death. The author examines the ontological facets of these visions in any references to the fivefold visions of death in the way defined by Heidegger. In his opinian, death is ontological and existential. In Heidegger's view, all research and questions, which examine death from biological, psychological, and terminological perspectives, in terms of method analysis are analyzed existentially. This is a different interpretation of death that reflects authentic existence. By recourse to this interpretation as a final possibility, which destroys all other alternatives, finds a way to the authentic existence? The existential imminence of death warps the perception of death and is estranged from pathology, conventionality, and ethnography. In addition, this. Study is a search to formally uncover the Heidegger's ontological concepts of visions of death and to compare those beliefs with "Being with" ontic ones - a term coined by Heidegger.

Background & Objectives: Human errors and accidents, the most important factors influencing quantitative and qualitative indices of production, directly depend on safety programs. Safety programs show their effects on personnel as occupational satisfaction, workforce productivity, and occupational deceases and on the products as a production quality.Methods: This is a retrospective and descriptive–analytical study conducted based on five years recorded documents and statistics in Ilam province (Iran) food industries. Data were collected using checklists and questionnaires. The effectiveness of safety programs were determined using safety indices including risk assessment, audit, personnel safety training, and investment on personal protective equipments and accident degree were investigated applying indices including accident severity, accident frequency, accident frequency-severity, and occupational decease frequency for a period of 5 years.Results: Average accident and occupational disease indices were decreased after implementation of OHSAS 18001and HACCP programs (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results have showed that implementation of safety programs has positive effect on accident indices in the form of reduction in accident severity, accident frequency, accident frequency-severity, and occupational decease frequency indices and subsequently improved organizational productivity.

Objective: Colorectal cancer is one of the most prevalent consequences of cancer-bound decease worldwide and it remains one of the leading outcomes of cancer-bound decease. Boron is an important mineral that acts significant function in various biological courses. Some important chemical properties of boric acid support its utility in the treatment of cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antiproliferative effects of boric acid in colon cancer. Materials and Methods: This experimental study effect of different concentrations of boric acid on the CCl-233 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines was investigated, by analyzing proliferation assay (proliferation was applied to the cells for 24, 48 and 72 hours). Proliferation assay was performed using CCK8 Assay Kit. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and poly (ADP-) ribose polymerase (PARP) analyses were performed using Sun-Red Human (VEGF) ELISA Kit and Sun-Red Human (PARP) ELISA Kit, respectively. Results: As a result of the studies, analysis of the cell viability showed that 50 mM boric acid decreased cell proliferation after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The maximal decrease in cell proliferation was found to occur at 48 hours. Therefore, PARP and VGEF analyses were performed at 48 hours. PARP values were significantly higher in cisplatin (P<0. 05). In contrast, PARP levels were significantly lower (P<0. 05) at two concentrations of boron (50-100 mM). In VEGF, analysis showed that boron levels were significantly different from cisplatin, but there was no significant difference between control groups. Conclusion: It is proposed that the molecular mechanisms leading to this type of cancer as well as the effect of boric acid on colon cancer should be clarified in more detailed ways for the early diagnosis and treatment of colon cancer.

More than 90% of goods are transported globally by sea transportation mainly through ships. In Iran the volume of cargo transportation is 94% according to official reports. Transporting such a huge volume along low freight has been considered very important for sea transportation. However, every year various marine causalities occur due to human errors. The reasons remain on human deeds and its related issues. Fatigue, restlessness (sleeplessness), poor ship design, poor ship management, lack of sufficient training, and many other factors cause decease, lose of ship and cargo, and environment impacts such as pollution. This research intends to evaluate the role of human elements and its components in marine accidents.

The mortality rate of Coronavirus Decease 2019 (COVID-19) is very high, but specific situations can in-crease the rate including severe hypoxemia, multiple organ injury, and thromboembolic events in various organs. Another factor is the stress caused after surgery that require general anesthesia. This study aims to report a case of death in an adult woman with COVID-19 infection who had underwent septoplasty and admitted to hospital after worsening of her general condition and treated when diagnosed with COVID-19. One day after admission, she was intubated due to progressive respiratory failure and deceased following bradycardia and cardiac arrest. It seems that the elective surgery should be avoided in patients infected with COVID-19 and should be postponed until complete recovery. Moreover, the possibility of this infection should be considered in all candidates for surgery with subtle respiratory symptoms.