Introduction & Purpose: Control of inflammation after intra-ocular surgery is essential for success of surgery. Topical steroids are the most popular drugs used for this purpose. In this study, which was performed as a clinical trial, the effectiveness of prednisolone acetate 1% and dexamethasone phosphate 0.1 % eye drops for control of intraocular inflammation after ECCE+PCIOL was compared. Two Iranian pharmaceutical companies manufactured both drugs.Material & Method: Anterior chamber (AC) cell and flare, injection and pain were used to evaluate inflammation in this study. All patients had senile cataract. Above parameters were evaluated on the 3rd, 7th and 14th daysafter surgery. The course of study was 16 months.Resuts: Eighty patients were studied (forty in each group). On the basis of the above-mentioned methods, there was no statistically difference in pain between two groups. (P value=0.351) There was statistically difference in eye injection between two groups (P value=0.054). However on the 7th day mean injection in the dexamethasone group was 0.775 and in the prednisolone group was 0.450 whose difference was meaningful. (P value 0.012) There was not any statistically significant difference in AC cell between two groups. (P value 0.421) In the case of AC flare there wasn't any statistically difference between two groups. Although AC flare on the 3rd day was different in two groups: mean AC flare was 1.525 in dexamethasone group and 1.225 prednisolone group whose difference was statistically meaningful (P value=0.02).Conclusions: In general the two eye drops, prednisolone acetate 1% and dexamethasone phosphate 0.1%, manufactured in Iran, had more or less similar effects on control of inflammation after ECCE+PCIOL.

Introduction & Objective: The age related cataract surgery is most common ophthalmic surgery. Today the method of choice for cataract surgery is phacoemulsification. This study was conducted to compare the visual acuity, pre-operation and post operation ECCE & Phacemulsification complication in patients referring to Khalili & Oastgheib Hospital in Shiraz during 1380-1381. Materials & Methods: This prospective non randomized concurrent Control study was conducted on 100cases (52 case of ECCE and 48 case Pre-operative evaluation included age, sex, visual acuity, astigmatism according to keratometry difference and type of cataract. The patients were evaluated during the operation for size, site of incision, posterior capsular rupture, vitreous loss and nucleus dropped in vitreous. Then in 1, 5, 14, 90,180 days post operation, they were examined for BCVA, UNCVA, astigmatism (keratometry and refraction), Inflammation, Comeal edema, posterior capsular opacity and clinical CME. Results: In this study 100 cases (48 phacemulsification, 52 ECCE) aged 48-76 for cataract surgery were included. Patients were followed for 6 months after operation. Mean age in phacemulsification was 58.27 ±7.26 was 64.71±6.84. On the fifth day after ECCE, UNCVA≥30.60 was 15.3% and in phaco was 62.5%. On the fifth day mean UNCVA in phaco was 30.60 and in ECCE, 20.60. Mean astigmatism on the first day post-operation according to keratometry difference in ECCE was 4.84±2.08D and in phaco was 2.27±1.67D and according to refraction in ECCE was 3.62±2.08D and in phaco was1.91±1.34D. Posterior capsular rupture in ECCE was 7.6% and in phacor was 12.5%. Vitreous loss in ECCE was 5.7% and in phaco was 0.7%.Cornealedema in the first day post-operation in ECCE was 19.2% and in phaco was 43.8%. Two weeks after operation in all patients who underwent phacoemulsification, corneal edema was cleared but in ECCE 3.8% corneal edema continued for 6 months after operation. Nucleus dropped in vitreous occurred only in phaco (2.1%). lOL dislocation after  phacoemulsification was 4.1% and 2.1%(1 case) need to lOL removal but this complication was not visible in  ECCE. Conclusion: Success rate, Intra operative& post-operative complications in phacoemulsification in comparison to other studies were in an acceptable range. We recommend further study In this case for more documented results.      

Background and Aim: There are three methods for cataract extraction, extracapsular, intracapsular and phacoemulsification. The purpose of this study is determination of visual acuity and astigmatism before and after phaco and ECCE method and comparison of these two methods.Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the all of cataract surgery records investigated that were belong to one surgeon in 2006-2007. They were 100 phacoemulsification and 34 extra capsular cataract extraction. The data were analyzed in SPSS 14 using independent and paired t-test.Results: The mean of visual acuity before and after phaco and ECCE showed a considerable difference (P<0.001). The mean of astigmatism before and after phaco did not show any difference (P=0.7), But for ECCE did (P<0.001). The comparison of astigmatism and visual acuity after phaco and ECCE showed a considerable statistical difference (P<0.001).Conclusions: The result of this study showed that recovery rate of visual acuity was faster in phaco than ECCE and induced astigmatism after surgery had been lower for phaco than ECCE technique

Purpose: Management of hypotonia maculopathy remains controversial. This study evaluates the management of patients with hypotonia maculopahty and their results.Material and Methods: Data of 7 patients with hypotonia maculopathy including age, sex, type of surgery, visual acuity, intraocular pressure and refraction were recorded.Results: 7 eyes from 6 patients were evaluated, bleb revision was done on 5 eyes, bleb revision with ECCE + PCIOL on one patient, and ECCE + PCIOL alone were done on the last one. After one week IOP increased in all cases and visual acuity improved in all but one.Conclusion: Bleb revision is a relatively safe and effective way in management of these patients and cataract surgery if indicated is an alternative way. More experimental studies is proposed.

Purpose: To evaluate anterior chamber (AC) contamination after extracapsular cataract extraction with intraocular lens implantation (ECCE+IOL) and its relationship with counjunctival flora in Rasool Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran.Patients and Methods: This is a prospective clinical trial in 81 patients with no previous ocular or systemic infection that underwent non-complicated ECCE + IOL. Bacterial specimens were obtained from the conjunctiva before (I) and after (II) prep & drep, at the conclusion of surgery (III), and AC fluid at the end of surgery (IV). Specimens were cultured on blood agar and thioglycolate media & underwent microbiologic studies. Collected data were classified & underwent statistical analysis.Results: 81 patients (39 Men & 42 Women) with the mean age of 60.75 years showed 43.2% positive culture, which was staphylococcus epidermis (SE) in 83% in stage I. Post prep & drep cultures was positive in 23.5% (100% SE) and last conjunctival smear (III) was positive in 18.5%. AC fluid was positive in 25.9% of cases. None of the eyes developed endophthalmitis during 6 months follow up. There was a statistically significant difference between pre (I) and post (II) prep & drep cultures (P=0.006); but not among stage II and III or IV (P=0.24).Conclusion: Despite attempts for a sterile operating field, AC culture at the end of ECCE + IOL was positive in 25.9% of the cases.

Purpose: To evaluate anterior chamber contamination after extra capsular cataract extraction with IOL implantation (ECCE + PCIOL) in comparison with normal flora of conjunctiva.Methods: This prospective study was performed on 50 eyes (50 patients) scheduled for ECCE + PCIOL surgery. The conjunctival culture was done prior to irrigation. At the end of the surgery 0.1 cc of aqueous humor was aspirated. The specimens were inoculated in liquid culture media (nutrient broth, thioglycolate).Results: Of 50 patients (28 males and 22 females) with the mean age of 63.88 yrs, the 20 positive conjunctivae cultures included staph. aureus, staph saprophyticus, E-coli and Beta hemolytic streptococcus. The cultures from aqueous revealed staph saprophyticus in 5 patients. Endophthalmitis did not occur in follow up time (mean 4 months).Conclusion: Aqueous culture was positive in 10% of the cases.

Background and Objectives: Small-incision cataract surgery offers advantages of faster rehabilitation, lower induced astigmatism, less postoperative eye irritation and early visual recovery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate surgically induced astigmatism and uncorrected visual acuity after Extracapsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE), with three various limbal incision configurations, with an aim to evaluate which incision is better and results in fewer astigmatism. Materials and Methods: In an one year (1999-2000) prospective study, a clinical trial of ECCE was performed on 120 cases admitted to Nikoukari and Alavi hospitals, Tabriz. Forty patients were operated by giving posterior limbus-parallel incision (traditional), 40 eyes with straight incision and the rest 40 eyes were incised with a limbus-antiparallel (frowm) incision. All incisions were given in the superior vertical meridian and cords length were 10mm. Astigmatism was monitored by keratometry and visual acuity was followed-up regularly for 6 months. Surgically induced astigmatism was calculated by the simple subtraction method. Results: Statistically significant differences were seen in favor of the limbus-antiparallel incision group for early surgical induced astigmatism, uncorrected visual acuity and astigmatism shift in six months follow-up period (p<0.01). Postoperative mean astigmatism after limbus-antiparallel (frown) was lower than parallel and straight incision. Conclusion: ECCE with limbus-antiparallel incision is a safe surgical technique and given the circumstances in our country, is a suitable method of cataract surgery.      

Cataract surgery is common and one of the most common surgery techniques is extra capsular cataract extraction (ECCE). The most important factor in recovery of visual acuity after cataract surgery is postoperative astigmatism. In this study the resulted astigmatism of cataract surgery sutured by two methods of running and separate was compared. Patients were operated as ECCE and most of them with Pc Iol implantation and then all of them were sutured with Nylon 10.0. Corneal sutures of 104 cases were running and of 53 cases were separated. 39% of patients were women and 61% were men.The mean of preoperative astigmatism was 0.11 diopter. The mean of postoperative astigmatism one day after operation was 5.19 diopter (running: 4.7; separated: 5.7), and 3 months after operation was 1.58 diopter (running: 1.12; separated: 2.05). From the fourth week after surgery the difference between the two methods was significant.According to above data, running sutures are better tolerated by patients and induce less postoperative astigmatism.

Purpose: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of the injection of 98% ethyl alcohol in the treatment of iris cyst.Method: 102 patients with secondary iris cyst participated in this study between 1982-1999. Clinical trial quasi-experimental study. 98% ethyl alcohol was injected in the iris cyst.Results: 102 patients 37 female (36.2%) and 65 male (63.7%), 4 to 71 years old with secondary iris cyst were treated. Causes of iris cycst included: 11 post ICCE, 30 post ICCE + vitreous loss, 3 post ECCE, 5 post ECCE+ P/C IOL, 50 after penetrating trauma, 2 after trabeculectomy and 1 congenital. Of 102 cases, 98% ethyl alcohol was injected in 99 cases. 90 were treated with a single injection, 3 responded to treatment after the second injection, 98% alcohol was injected for the third time and of this 3 cases did not respond to the treatment. Of all our cases 3 were omitted as they had connection to the anterior-chamber.Conclusion: Injection of 98% alcohol in the treatment of iris cyst is a safe, cheap and easy procedure.