The present research allocates to study of differences between employed and non-employed women lifestyle. Statistical population women of this research includes of married employed and non-employed women 25-49 in Sari city, in Mazandaran provience that the sample size with using cluster random sampling is 450 person. The method of research surveying and questionnaire was used for collecting data. According to findings of research, the majority of women have traditional lifestyle. But there is difference between the lifestyle employed and non-employed women. This difference also observe in dimensions of lifestyle (social relations, body management, shopping pattern). Correlation analysis show that there is meaningful relationship between age, education, family income, with lifestyle. The analysis of multiple regression show that the age and then the kind of activity, family income and education level, could relatively explaining the difference of lifestyle in the society. Finally according to analysis path women’s education, have the main effective in kind of lifestyle.

Introduction and purpose: Experts, consider the current Psychological well-being, as a fairly accurate indicator of a person's current health status. The aim of this study was to compare psychological well-being in employed and non-employed women in Isfahan. Methods: This research is applied in terms of purpose, descriptive-analytical, and cross-sectional. The statistical population is all women aged 20 to 60 years in Isfahan in 2021, the number of samples for each employed and non-employed women was 394 which was selected by available sampling method. The standard Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Welfare Questionnaire was used for data collection and SPSS26 software was used for data analysis. Results: The mean ranks and sum of ranks for psychological well-being, positive relationships with others, and energy levels are higher among working women compared to non-working women. Significant differences exist between working and non-working women in these variables, indicating that working women generally experience higher levels of mental well-being, positive relationships, and energy (P≤0.001). However, the mean ranks and sum of ranks for optimism among non-working women are slightly higher than those among working women, although this disparity is not statistically significant (P=0.955). Conclusion: The results show that employed women have better psychological well-being compared to non-employed women in Isfahan. This issue can be used by policy makers to develop appropriate strategies for women's employment. Policymakers and managers of organizations, by identifying and understanding the factors affecting the increase of women's psychological well-being, will be able to use scientific methods to adopt policies to promote women's psychological well-being.

The process of globalization shows that in the near future independent occupation's share as well as pursuing the self - employments will increase in a considerable manner. The reason in that with the rise of personal office, electronic commerce, mobile phones, portable computers, it can be said that to follow occupational affairs there is no more need that an individual to have a specific place to be established in, and these relations may be carried on in every location. Therefore, develop in the insurance system in Iran leads to the more consideration on health insurance and retirement of masters of professions and independent occupations as well.In this article while examining the subject of social insurance masters of professions and independent occupations in Iran, an investigation has been made about rules and regulations of the above mentioned insurance in six European countries and Turkey. Finally the following comparisons have been made upon their characteristics with the specifics of the insurance of professions and occupations in Iran:I- Comparison of the age of retirement in countries under the study.II- Comparison of rate insurance in countries under the study.III- Comparison about grading of the people under protection of social insurance of self-employment.IV- Comparison of occupations under the protection of social insurance of self-employment and their treasuries concerned.

Women's employment is among the most important factors to have a significant impact on marital life variables, such as marital satisfaction. The present study seeks to compare the marital satisfaction of employed and unemployed women useing the meta-analysis method. Using internal databases, all the research (paper and thesis) which were conducted between 1379 to 1396 (2000-2017) were collected and based on in-depth metrology metrics 18 of them were selected. In total, combination effect size shows coefficient of 0. 180 and 0. 282 in fixed effect and random effect models respectively. Therefore, women's employment seems to have significant positive effect on marital satisfaction.

Background: Mood fluctuations and pregnant women’s needs at workplace lead to such different problems as fatigue. In fact, female workforce has been tripled over recent decades. However, current antepartum care particularly for employed women does not cover the issue of fatigue and its management.Purpose: This longitudinal study was conducted to determine the severity of fatigue and its related factors in women referring to maternal clinics affiliated to Isfahan Medical University.Methods: Women had domestic income or were employed outside home. Data were gathered by a questionnaire in two parts including demographic and obstetric questions in the first part completed by researchers at first visit. If they fulfilled including criteria, the second part regarding fatigue was given to the mothers to complete it weekly from the 32nd week of pregnancy to delivery on a specific day. Different statistical tests were used for data analysis.Results: Of 70 mothers, 67.6% had moderate and severe fatigue, 12.8% had more than 1 job and, from the mothers working outside, 34.8% had shifts. 90% of the subjects stood more than 3 hours and 58.2% of them stated that they had continued their work in spite of having fatigue. 93% of them faced with fatigue resources, 10% experienced premature delivery (gestational age less than 37th week) and 18.5% delivered low-birth-weight (less than 2500gr) newborns.Conclusion: Two-third of employed mothers experienced moderate to severe fatigue, which may influence on pregnancy outcomes. This can be reduced by some interventions such as rest intervals and instruction of fatigue management methods like relaxation at work.

Unemployment is a common but alarming phenomenon in our country's economy that brought about many social and economic problems. The paper attempts to investigate one of the economic harms caused by unemployment that has been less studied. It seems that not only unemployment affects the consumption of unemployed households, but it also affects employed households. in the way that unemployment, as a modifying factor of income expectations, affects household consumption. To study this issue, this article attempted to specify a formula for consumption based on economic theories and estimated its coefficients through using household income-expenditure data provided by the Statistical Center of Iran and employing panel data method. Results indicate that households, in the face of rising unemployment at the community level, reduce their consumption by 1. 5% in response to one percent increase in unemployment rate. Moreover, their share of food consumption increase while the share of nonfood expenditures tends to fall.

This research investigates the relationships between employed mother’s work-family conflict with several family and Job variables. The aim of the study was to determine the relative contribution of each variables in explaining role conflict experienced by career women in 311 participants who were randomely selected among the population of families in city of Tehran. Results indicated the family factors related to role conflict dobe participation of husband in domestic duties and equal distribution it among wives and husbands. Furthermore findings showed a significant correlation between Job factors and experienced conflicts, such as Job satisfaction, Job motivation, Job content and work flexibility.

Background and Objectives: Today, happiness and life satisfaction play a crucial role in women’ s health in every society. This study was conducted to compare the level of happiness and life satisfaction between employed women and housewives and to examine the factors affecting it. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 720 employed women and housewives in Kerman, Iran in 2017. The Oxford Happiness Inventory (OHI), Diener Life Satisfaction Questionnaire, and a demographic profile were used for data collection. Regression analysis was used to determine the correlation of different factors with happiness and life satisfaction. Results: The mean ± standard deviation of the total happiness and life satisfaction score was 42/6 ± 13/2 out of 87 (43/3 ± 13/6 in employees and 42/7 ± 12/7 in housewives, P =0/21) and 23/5 ± 6/1 out of 35 (23/8 ± 6/3 in employees and 23/2 ± 5/8, in housewives, P = 0/24), respectively. Additionally, most of the subjects (55%) reported a moderate level of happiness. Regression analysis indicated that married women who had a university education and those who spent their free time on leisure and traveling had higher scores of happiness and life satisfaction. As for the employed women, those with limited work records and those who were officially employed had significantly higher levels of happiness and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study showed a moderate level of happiness and life satisfaction in women. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the level of happiness and life satisfaction between employed women and housewives.

The current study was administrated to investigate the attitudes to gender roles and parental exhaustion of parting duties in mothers having or not having paid professional activity. The research method was descriptive, and the research design is ex post facto. The study sample was 195 mothers (76 employed and 119 unemployed) who participated voluntarily from five regions of north, south, west, east, and center of Tehran. Measurements included the Parental Burnout Assessment (consist of parental exhaustion, contrast with the past self of the parent, being fed up, and emotional distancing from the parenting role), and the Attitudes towards Gender Roles Questionnaire (including the traditional, the gender-specific, and the androgenic attitude). The results of the independent t-test between two groups showed that there was a significant difference between two groups of employed and unemployed mothers in attitudes towards the gender-specific role and androgenic (gender equality) role (p = 0. 02), and there was no significant difference in parental burnout and its dimensions. The results also showed that employed mothers, although having egalitarian attitudes to gender roles and experience more role pressure than unemployed mothers, experience less parental burnout compared to unemployed mothers who have gender-specific role attitudes. It is worth considering the role of overload in employing mothers and how unemployed mothers spend their leisure time with their children according to their gender attitudes.