Land use planning based on its ecological capability has a significant role in environmental management and in preventing environmental degradation in the direction of sustainable development. Accordingly, the aim of the present study is to determine the ecological capability of agriculture and to select the most suitable places to allocate to this land use in Estahban county, Fars province. Descriptive-analytical method was used to measure the ecological capability of the study area. In this research, the multi-criteria decision making process has a very functional role to play by using the GIS. Due to the fact that part of the county of Estahban has protected areas and since there is no possibility of farming in these areas, the analysis and calculations of the present research have been carried out without considering the area of the mentioned part. The results showed that 77 percent of the land area of Estahban county is located in the ideal location for users, and only 23 percent of it remains in compliance with the land use and ecological capability of the county. According to the ecological capability of the study area, nearly 19% of the county's land is in a suitable and very suitable agricultural area. Also, the results showed that around 308 square kilometers of agricultural land use in Estahban county is contradictory with its ecological capability, but it is much less than 50 percent, and the prevailing area of the county has favorable environmental conditions. Altogether, by policy-making, stopping the horizontal development of the city in the peri-urban agricultural lands, extending agricultural use in the southeastern direction of the county, creation of agricultural-related conversion industries, establishment of factories of fig tree products such as jam making, creation of producer organizations for fig producers and support and strengthen existing organizations, hold training programs for farmers on water management and storage, and preventing unbridled migrations of villagers to the periphery of cities, can help to improve agriculture in places with capability and to prevent further degradation of such lands.

An artificial recharge project was implemented in Idje, in southern Iran. Silt free water from a few karst springs was diverted to 13 recharge basins during the wet periods. The performance of the project was evaluated by measuring the basic infiltration rate at several stages: daily inflow, depth of sediment accumulation on the basin floor and the depth of water table in a well, downstream of the project site. Major ions, calcite saturation index and carbon dioxide partial pressures of water samples were also determined. The data obtained during one recharge season indicate: I. The area of the recharge basins significantly depended on the basic infiltration rate II. Point measurement of infiltration rate by the double ring method was not representative of the field. Measurement of the infiltration rate by the water balance method is recommended in a pilot basin with similar side slopes and water depths III. Silt free karst spring water is suitable for artificial recharge IV. Floodwater in excess of the design discharge produced several problems such as destruction of a few banks, settlement of suspended material and inundation of downstream farms A successful recharge project should follow the designed criteria during both the construction and operation stages. Overall, most of the designed parameters were of acceptable range in the Idje project. Sediment accumulation and inundation of downstream farms could be prevented if water intake was limited to the base flow of the karst springs.

Introduction: Agriculture is one of the high-risk occupations, and musculoskeletal disorders are an integral part of this occupation and major farmers suffer from these disorders. The purpose of this study is correctional measures in Estahban. Method: This descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional and observational study was performed on workers in the fig orchard. The Nordic, demographic and body map questionnaires were used to evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The study population was 170 randomly selected by simple random sampling. Subsequently, individuals who were exclusively working in the fig orchard (n = 95) were assessed for risk assessment. The methods for evaluating were PATH and QEC. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using McNemar and Wilcoxon tests before and after the intervention. Results: Workers number 95 (55. 9%) were only fig orchard workers and the other persons 75 (44. 1%) had other jobs. workers 16 (9. 4%) were single and 154 (90. 6%) were married, mean age were 47. 5 ± 14. 4 years and work experience was 26. 4 ± 14. 4 years. Frequency of musculoskeletal disorders in organs using body map was significantly different from before intervention (P <0. 001). PATH risk level before and after the intervention was less than 0. 05, in QEC method the mean total score before and after intervention was 94. 36 ± 16. 09 and 52. 63 ± 12. 18, respectively (P <0. 001). Conclusion: Ergonomic interventions can be used as a corrective action.

For a long time, stress as a phenomenon, has existed among the communities. On the other hand, communities have encountered with different stressor factors. Recent studies show that rural communities, despite of their uniformity and apparent relaxation state, are exposed to many stressor factors such as natural disasters, climatologically conditions, government policies, price fluctuation of crops and geographical isolation. In this article, stressor factors of 212 rural farmers of Estahban were studied. The results of data analisis in this descriptive research indicated that among the economic, social, natural and special factors, the natural and economic ones have more influences in the creation of stress among the rural farmers of the stahban. Also there is a significant difference between the stressor factors.

The phenomenon of globalization has variably influenced all societies within the last two decades. Iran is no exception to such a rule. The gradual penetration of globalization process has nearly touched on all aspects of the social life. This paper attempts to investigate the relationship between globalization and women's social identity in the city of Shirāz, the centre of Fars province, and the city of Estahbān, a largely traditional/religious city located also in the Fars province. Theoretically, the paper rests upon Water's ideas, which are actually considered to be a synthesis of Giddens and Robertson ways of thinking on the subject. The findings show that women in Shiraz are generally more influenced by globalization process and thus their identities have been altered as a result. Such a finding further points to the fact that Shirāzi women can be considered to be more profoundly oriented toward the ideas of modernity, therefore enjoying a somewhat more modem, secular and non-traditional identity as compared to women residing in Estahbān.

To investigate the effects of Capri fig type on quantity and quality of Estahban dried fig, the experiment was conducted in Estahban Fig Research Center during 2002 and 2003. The cultivar ‘Sabz’ of edible fig was caprificated under controlled conditions by ‘Pouzdombali’, ‘Dane-Sefid’, ‘Khormai’ and ‘Shah Anjiri’ caprifigs, during caprification season. The results of this research indicated that, caprifig type had no effect on fruit diameter and dry weight of ‘Sabz’ cultivar of dried fig, while length, total soluble solids, fruit eye length and seed germination percentage were significantly affected by the pollen source. Time of ripening and fruit skin color was significantly influenced by pollen source. Compared to other caprifigs, ‘Shah Anjiri’ caprifig significantly resulted in early ripening of ‘Sabz’ cultivar of dried fig. Generally, the best fruit quality was obtained in the edible figs caprificated with ‘Pouzdombali’ caprifig.

Introduction and purpose: Today, more investments, especially in the economy takes place in major cities. The popular belief is that it is cost effective to invest in large cities. This one-dimensional development in the area and is only particular city. Regional in equality is a result of the development of the region and other cities remain open. While other cities may well have the ability and potential forec onomic development.One of the most important issues in regional planning, Reducing regional disparities and development using powers of each region. Requiredto achieve this as the towns and cities of the region's economic development strategy that is important.This research with the purpose of understanding about the role of towns in regional balance and development in fars, the small towns of the province between 25-50thousand population are reviewed.Methods: The method of this research is "descriptive-analytic" which has done on the basis of population factors and the usage of quantitative models. For the study of their roles in regional economic, portion alteration and models of environmental coefficient are used. Results: The results show, the potential of small towns in Fars province and procedures performed, Functions by providing industrial, agricultural and services to improve economic conditions in the region Khvdvbe affected. Under both methods, the different partsofthecity, with grow the coefficients were positive, compared to the province.Required to enter the city in regional economic development, the economicrole ofeach of these towns commensurate with their potential. This in turn requires specific strategies. That must be planning and organized with government support in the cities take place.

Abstract Ashura rituals in Iran are very old, and much has been said about cultural and historical contents and roots of these rituals. But what necessitates studying these national rituals is the folkloric characteristics and capacities of each region, which combines the ritual with a particular taste, culture, and geography, and gives it unique indigenous identity. Estahban City is one of the thousands of regions in Iran that has a long history in the field of Ashura mourning rituals. Among these rituals, “Chak–Chako”, “Charcho” and “Sine–Dori” have extreme ritual importance and function in this city. The present research seeks to answer this question that what visual capacities and theatrical aspects do Ashura rituals of Estahban have, emphasizing three above-mentioned rituals? The results indicate that the most important dramatic and executive aspects of these rituals are manifested in the group and rhythmic order and coordination of the participants which evoke a kind of ethnic and social solidarity.

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of different gaseous composition inside the packaging atmosphere of black fig variety of Estahban region. Different percentages of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen (N2) were used as treatments G1 (5% oxygen, 70% carbon dioxide and 25% nitrogen), G2 (5% oxygen, 0% carbon dioxide and 95% nitrogen), G3 (5 percent oxygen, 35% carbon dioxide and 60% nitrogen), G4 (5% oxygen, 0% carbon dioxide and 25% nitrogen, partial vacuum) and control (normal air). Fig fruits were packed and samples were stored at 4°C until the fruit quality and marketability were lost. At the beginning of the experiment and at the end, the amount of acidity, soluble solids, bioactive compounds and antioxidant capacity were determined. Respiration rate, color, firmness and weight changes were measured every three days. Results revealed that the physicochemical characteristics of all treatments decreased with time and fruits became softer and color changed by passage of time. During storage, fruits depending on the package atmosphere and storage time, lost their initial weight as 9-38%. The G3 (60% N2, 35% CO2 and 5% O2) gaseous composition was effective in delaying the occurrence of the respiratory climacteric peak and extending fruits shelf life. After determining the best treatment, the fruits packed in modified atmosphere with G3 treatment and control samples were stored at 4, 10 and 15°C until losing marketability and their weight loss, color and firmness were simultaneously evaluated. This was done to study the kinetics of quality changes during storage. All changes were accelerated at higher temperatures. This trend was observed at higher rates in control samples compared to G3 treatment. Examining the overall acceptance of the samples showed that the average scores given in all treatments decreased during the storage time.