Urban livability in urban development and urban design reflects the strong discourse-that is prevalent in urban planning. This study aimed to analyze the livability of the physical parameters of Ahvaz have taken place in metropolitan areas. This type of research is applied and the method is analytic. Data and information were collected in two ways library and survey. The data analysis models Topsis, Vikor, Sar and combination (merger) was used. The results show that reg 2 is ranked first, reg1 in rank 2, reg 6 in rank 3, region 3 in rank 4, reg 8 in rank 5, reg 7 in rank 6 and finally reg 4 in the last rank (unfavorable). In general, the seventh regions of this city differ in terms of the level of physical habitat in the indicators of the quality of housing, infrastructure, urban mobility and urban form. In terms of the level of utility of physical viability, only areas 2 and 1 were at the level of complete desirability and areas 8, 3, 4, 6 and 4 were the most undesirable areas of physical livability.

Extended Abstract Introduction Liveability with a set of practical measures and interventions improves the current state of urban construction and texture and provides the basis for quantitative and qualitative improvements and can give new life to the texture locally and make desirable socio-economic, environmental and physical structure for life. This approach also addresses broader issues such as competitive economics and quality of life, especially for those living in slums. Considering the factors presented in the field of liveability, this concept overlaps with approaches such as quality of life, smart growth and neo-urbanism, because all of them have been developed as critical responses to undesirable urban policies and negative side effects of urban growth and have aspects in common with liveability.  Therefore, recognizing the importance of the liveability approach in redesigning the space and evaluating the environmental quality of space construction in neighborhoods and urban areas will be undeniable and will require effective effort and management in line with this new approach in cities. The available evidence shows that the construction of Tabriz city, despite the rotation of development model policies in the last decade, has changed its image of stability and its biological system has fluctuated in terms of the function of vital components. In this study, while evaluating the livability model of Tabriz metropolis based on operational indicators, the following question will be considered: What is the appropriateness and compatibility of the liveability pattern of Tabriz metropolis with the goals of sustainable development?   Methodology The present study is in the category of applied research that has been done with analytical method and quantitative approach. In order to analyze the pattern of livability in the regions of Tabriz, first, study indicators have been investigated based on statistics and documentary information, including census sources, plans and upstream documents, such as detailed plan studies, municipal operational projects at the regional level in the years 2008 to 2019. After extracting the studied indicators, according to Table 2, the indicators were implemented and quantified based on the objectives of the research. In order to model the Liveability pattern and arrangement of space models as a single set with the correct map of spatial metrics of Tabriz city based on data related to the spatial structure of the city, their accuracy was measured.   Results and Discussion Validation results of processing the values ​​of selected indicators in sample metrics with specified areas and the degree of correlation with the living situation in each spatial metric in proportion to zones with different areas, based on visual interpretations and the degree of correlation, 5.41 hectares (LPI) can be selected as zones with an optimal level for calculating metrics and dividing regions into these zones. According to the results of PCA analysis, the index of density and distribution of land uses is the output of the analysis of 57.87% of the variance of the distribution of 4 metric data used. The index of density and distribution of land uses and the number of projects implemented by domain include the highest variance of data. Based on these results, the final model of the livability pattern was calculated, formed and displayed by combining the eigenvalues ​​of all instrumental variables, the values ​​of the factor load of the metrics as coefficients for the 10 regions of city. According to the results with the components of the Liveability model, in all 2010 metrics, 374 zones were created considering the histogram and the distribution range of the Liveability index, which was zero to 1, in 10 classes with low (0.1) to high (1) Liveability was determined and the class map was prepared in an integrated manner.   Conclusion According to the analysis, the final liveability index of Tabriz metropolis is higher than the average. Considering the results, the most liveable area was region 5 of Tabriz metropolitan with a value of 0.9146. In LPI metric, 11 optimal metrics with 10.78 hectares of the total area were recognized liveable. After region 5, region 2 with a value of 0.7445 was identified as the second liveable region. In LPI metric, 17 optimal metrics with ​​16.67 hectares of the total area are liveable. Region 10 with a value of 0.6690 in NP metric and 68 metrics with ​​66.67 hectares out of a total of 1092 hectares were identified as liveable. In LPI metric, region 6 with 21 optimal metrics and 20.59 area of ​​total urban land uses of 8367 hectares was determined in the fourth level of viability. In Division Metric, region 1 with 31 optimal metrics and ​​30.39 hectares out of a total of ​​1659 hectares, were found liveable. In the Division Metric, region 9 was identified as liveable area with 39 metrics and ​​38.24 hectares out of a total of ​​746.7 hectares. Region 4 was recognized as liveable area in PD metric with 38 optimal metrics and ​​37.25 hectares out of a total of 2557 hectares. Region 3 was identified ​​ as liveable area in NP metric with 44 metrics and ​​43.14 hectares out of a total of 2801 hectares. In Division Metric, region 7 was distinguished as liveable area with 49 metrics and 48.04 hectares out of a total area of ​​3038 hectares. In the final level of Liveability, region 8 in PD metric with 56 metrics and ​​54.90 hectares out of a total of 357.9 hectares. The results show that there is a high relationship between the rate of liveability index and the type of metric and in LPI metric, this rate is higher.

Extended Abstract Introduction Liveability is a subset of sustainability that directly affects the physical, socio-economic, and psychological dimensions of people's lives. This concept includes a set of environmental features that make it a desirable, convenient, and attractive place for all people to live, work and visit. However, the concept of liveability is a forgotten aspect of Iran's urban planning system; because of problems such as the consequences of population growth and migration, the diversity of migrant groups, the mismatch of urban infrastructure with the volume of the urban population, the polarization of urban contexts into traditional and modern has overshadowed the lack of attention to social justice in the decisions of city managers, the imbalance in the fair distribution of services at the neighbourhood level and the rate of liveability and consequently the quality of life in Iranian cities. In this regard, Bandar Mahshahr has been in a similar situation as other cities in Iran. Because, according to Harvey, the dual spatial structure (as one of the important factors in the distribution of facilities and resources) of this city indicates injustice in facilities, and quality of urban life. On the other hand, its oil function has increased the existing inequalities in the city and has doubled the urban ecology. Due to attracting immigrants through oil and petrochemical-related industries, centralized urban management, duality in urban texture and structure, unbalanced distribution of services and urban infrastructure, this city is placed in a special position in terms of providing liveability indicators.   Methodology The research method is descriptive-analytical using documentary studies and questionnaire data. Data collection was done by library and field methods through a questionnaire. The collection was a regular questionnaire with a LIKERT scale. According to the time, facilities and possibilities of the research, the cluster sampling method and finally, the simple random method have been used. Cochran's formula has also been exerted to estimate the sample size. Based on this, the number of samples studied in the whole city of Mahshahr, taking into account 0.05 errors, is 383 cases. Considering the population of each neighbourhood, out of 36 neighbourhoods, 32 ones have a population, and a questionnaire has been distributed among these 32 neighbourhoods. According to this, the number of samples in each neighbourhood is proportional to the share of the population of each one. The questionnaires of this research were distributed among 386 citizens of Bandar Mahshahr neighbourhoods to measure the liveability variables.  Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and stepwise multiple regression were used to examine the relationship between variables in neighbourhoods. ArcGIS107.1 software has been exploited for spatial analysis of this information in Bandar Mahshahr neighbourhoods.   Results and discussion The reliability of the research questionnaire is based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.83, which indicates the suitability of this tool. The validity of the questionnaire was 0.79. Therefore, the present questionnaire has the necessary validity in measuring the dimensions and variables of the research. As shown in table (4), in three steps, the dimensions of liveability (leisure and recreation infrastructure, employment and economy, security, facilities and services, environment, housing characteristics, transportation facilities, health household characteristics, governance and civic characteristics, facilities and equipment) have been able to predict housing efficiency.  Based on what is presented in table (5), during the first step, only leisure and recreation infrastructure, employment and economy, security, facilities and services, environment with standard beta coefficient of 0.446, 20% of quality variance explained life in the city of Mahshahr. In the second step, the characteristics of housing, transportation facilities, health and hygiene with a standard beta coefficient of 0.2, to the infrastructure of leisure and recreation, employment and economy, security, facilities and services, environment (with standard beta coefficient 0.446) has been added and the ability to explain the quality of life has been increased to 0.23%, of which 0.036% has been exclusively and added related to housing, transportation facilities, health and hygiene. In the third step, household characteristics, governance and civil characteristics, facilities and equipment with a standard beta coefficient of 0.134, have been added to the mentioned dimensions and the ability to explain efficiency has been increased to 0.25%, of which 0.016 percent was exclusively and additionally related to household characteristics, governance and civil characteristics, facilities and equipment. It should be noted that none of the biodegradability dimensions have been excluded from the analysis.   Conclusion The results show that neighbourhoods No. 12 (phase 4), 2, 1 (new Mahshahr) and 14 (phase 3) have the highest level of liveability, while neighbourhoods No. 32 (phase 7), 17 (old Mahshahr), 3 (Nopag), and 24 (Taleghani town) have the lowest liveability. The more liveable areas correspond mainly to the new Mahshahr (corporate neighbourhoods) and the less liveable ones to the old Mahshahr (old neighbourhoods) and the migrant working-class suburbs. On the other hand, the southwest and south neighbourhoods are more liveable and the east ones of the city are less liveable.

Background: Urban liveability and its relationship with health indices is now an emerging topic in health research. In order to conduct liveability research, initially, the liveability index should be calculated according to a comprehensive, transparent, and standardized methodology. Objectives: The purpose of this paper was to apply the Global Liveable Cities Index (GLCI), to assess and rank liveability in 31 Iranian cities. Methods: The GLCI is based on 114 indicators in five domains, which include economic, environmental, security and stability, sociocultural, and political factors. This study was based on two scenarios. The first scenario was to assign equal weights to each indicator. The second scenario was the Shapley weighing method and allocated different weights to indices. City rankings were calculated and compared in both scenarios. Results: The cities of Tehran, Sari, and Tabriz generally performed well in the overall liveability ranking. Tehran ranked first basedon the economic vibrancy and competitiveness domain, while Sari, Karaj, and Tabriz held the second to fourth ranks in both methods, respectively. Tabriz ranked first in the environmental friendliness and sustainability and domestic security and stability domains, and Sari ranked first in the socio-cultural conditions domain. Tehran and Semnan had the first rank in the political governance domain. Conclusions: The findings of this research show that different cities of Iran are very different in regard to liveability. These rankings can help policymakers find out what domains need more attention to improve the liveability of cities.

Background: Urban liveability is a multidimensional concept associated with many domains of human health. Objectives: This study aimed at investigating the association between urban liveability and cancer incidence in Iran. Methods: The data of provincial-level urban liveability were obtained from reliable sources. The data of cancer incidence were inquired from the population-based cancer registry of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education in 2016. Urban liveability scores were determined in all provinces of Iran by utilizing the global liveable city index (GLCI) method. Negative binomial Poisson regression was used to examine the relationship between urban liveability and cancer incidence. Results: Provinces with a higher urban liveability had a higher likelihood of cancer incidence. Higher economic score was significantly associated with higher incidence in colorectal (IRR = 1. 49, P = 0. 005), liver (IRR = 1. 48, P = 0. 002), leukemia (IRR = 1. 39, P = 0. 005), lung (IRR = 1. 39, P = 0. 039), breast (IRR = 1. 38, P = 0. 011), and prostate cancers (IRR = 2. 11, P < 0. 001). Also, provinces with higher environmental friendliness and sustainability had signifi cantly more stomach (IRR = 1. 53, P = 0. 004), colorectal (1. 79, P < 0. 001), lung (IRR = 1. 43, P = 0. 014), and prostate (IRR = 1. 50, P = 0. 032) cancer incidence. Provinces with higher political governance had signifi cantly more breast cancer (IRR = 1. 34, P = 0. 002) and leukemia (IRR = 1. 30, P = 0. 016) incidence rates. Conclusions: Along with the development of urban liveability, the incidence of cancers is increasing in Iran. Cancer control strategies should be implemented especially in settings with higher urbanization.

Theory of liveability first time was formed on the Abraham Maslow's work (1945) on human needs. Based on that, people first try to resolve their basic needs and then needs of the higher layers. Physiological needs are basic human needs in his life Such as air, food, water, warmth, sleep, health and sexual satisfaction. Liveability have been accepted and appreciated by both residents and planners to create sustainable living spaces, practical and enjoyable work. More liveable settlements, creates a greater sense of community ownership and lower rates of immigration. This section examines the impact of access to services on the liveability of the villages we studied. Thus Scalogram and Morris methods are used which are approaches to graded levels of rural services and rural development. To determine the relationship between level of service and rural liveability, the Pearson correlation method were used. Correlation coefficient has been established between liveability score for each village and development of services in the Morris method. There is no statistical relationship between the two. This correlation between each liveability dimension was measured by having the service have been measured. No significant relationship observes between the dimensions and having services.

Today, cities have faced many challenges in the economic, social and ecological fields, at the same time, the increase in population along with the ever-increasing rate of urbanization has brought harmful consequences for cities. Urban regeneration policy is a new approach in the process of renovating problematic urban structures. The approach of urban liveability, in parallel with sustainable development, seeks to create a sustainable environment in social, economic, bio-environmental, managerial, physical and equal life opportunities for all city residents. ; Therefore, the current research was carried out with the aim of investigating the regeneration of worn-out fabric with an emphasis on urban liveability indicators. The research method is descriptive-correlation. In the current research, the target community in part of the study and analysis in this research is the residents of Marvdasht city. Morgan's table has been used to determine the sample size; Therefore, according to Morgan's table and the unlimited size of the population, the sample is 384 people. And the questionnaires were distributed among the people of the society based on non-random sampling. The data collection tool is the standard questionnaires of regeneration and urban liveability indicators. The validity of the questionnaires was obtained in terms of content and the reliability of the questionnaires was determined through Cronbach's alpha coefficient. For data analysis, factor analysis and structural equation modelling were used using SSPPSS and Smart PPLS software. The results of the research showed that there is a relationship between social, economic, management, environmental and physical indicators and the viability of the historical context.

The growth of urban population and urbanization before the process of urban planning, along with problems and problems such as migration to cities and the subsequent uneven distribution of population, informal settlements, lack of urban per capita, etc., have caused the quality of livability of Iranian cities to decline. The city of Gorgan is no exception to this. This city is due to its special geographical location and suitable natural condition, the political-administrative and economic centrality of the region and province, its ability to immigrate, the type of residence and house building of numerous social groups in the city, the ethnic diversity and culture of different ethnic groups together, has caused that in the city Gorgan has a different and unique look and texture from the human settlements in this city. Therefore, the current research aims to investigate and evaluate the livability of the three regions of Gorgan City based on the physical-spatial index. According to its nature, the present research is practical in terms of descriptive-analytical method by using a combination of quantitative models. The required data were obtained from the method of library studies, observation, and field technique (researcher-made questionnaire) in the form of 6 indicators including facilities and infrastructure, open and public spaces, landscape, transportation, pollution, housing quality, and 24 items. Is. To analyze the data from SPSS software, t-tests to check the measurement of the difference between the average of the research sample (theoretical average) and the average of the population; ANOVA test (one-way analysis of variance) to examine the difference in the average dimensions of the six variables of the research index among the studied areas; From the multivariate regression test to investigate the influence of each of the variables of the physical index of livability in evaluating the livability of the studied areas; And finally, Friedman's test was used to rank and evaluate the effect of each of the physical-spatial index variables on the livability status and prioritize the variables. The results obtained from the t-test show that in terms of physical livability, Area One of Gorgan City is in a completely favorable and normal condition, Area Three is in an average condition, and Area Two is in a weaker condition than other areas. The results of the ANOVA test show that the conditions and status of the physical variables are not the same in all three regions and a significant difference can be seen among the three studied regions. The regression results indicate the impact of the research variables and the results of the Friedman test also showed that the housing variable ranks first and the pollution variable ranks last in the impact on the physical-spatial livability index in the city of Gorgan. Therefore, due to the existence of cultural and ethnic diversity as well as different living conditions; Different livability can be seen in terms of physical-spatial indicators at the level of regions and localities of Gorgan city. In the end, to achieve the goals of the research, strategies, and solutions have been presented in the form of research proposals.