In this research a numerical study of water production from compressible moist-air flow by condensing of the vapor component of the atmospheric air through a converging-diverging nozzle is performed. The atmospheric air can be sucked by a vacuum compressor. The geographical conditions represent a hot and humid region, for example Bandar Abbas, Iran, with coordinates, 270 11’ N and 560 16’ E and summer climate conditions of about 40℃and relative humidity above 80%. Parametric studies are performed for the atmospheric-air temperature between, 40℃ to 50℃, and relative humidity between49.6% to 100.%. For these ranges of operating conditions and a nozzle with the area ratio of 1.17, the liquid mass flow rates falls in the range 0.272 to 0.376 kg/s. The results show that, the energy consumed by the compressor for production 1 kg of water will be 1.279 kWh. The price of 1 kWh is 372 Rials, therefore the price for the production of 1 kg liquid water will be 475.8 Rials, therefore, the scheme is economically suitable.

The present study aims to reveal about spatial variations in order to assess soil moisture at field capacity as well as the point of wilt and ready water in the soil of Qadisiyah Province, Iraq, variation of those properties are illustrated among the surface appearances in the province according to the cases and determine the reasons of spatial variations of those characteristics because of its great importance. Spatial search boundaries were represented at Al-Qadisiyah governorate, representing the middle Euphrates region. The study area extends between two viewing circles, i.e.,  31º 6ʹ 17ʺ and 32º 42ʹ north , and also  longitude 34º 44ʹ and 45º 6ʹ 49ʺ east. Administrative boundaries are formed for the study area shared borders with five provinces including  Babylon from the north and Muthanna from the south, as for the governorate of wasit and Dhi Qar, which is bordered from the east and north east, while bordered Najaf Province from the west. The study was based on collecting and analyzing samples from 164 depth sites including  30-0 and 60-30 cm and distributed between the following points including soils of the rivers and their basins, lowlands, Al- Dalamj, sandy dunes, sandy soils and the western plate soil. It was found that there is a variation in their values in the soil of the Qadisiyah governorate due to an effect of a group of factors, the most important of which are climate and natural vegetation and agricultural practices by farmers and not to use the agricultural cycle from what resulted in variation in soil moisture values at field capacity withering point and ready water in Al- Qadisiyah governorate soil.

Background: When hydrocolloids dressings are loaded with an antibacterial agent, they can also prevent infection during wound cicatrisation. To consider interesting properties of traditional Gum Tragacanth such as moisture absorption, hydrocolloid formation, drug holding and releasing abilities, it was aimed to introduce a scaffold wound dress based on Gum Tragacanth with drug release ability simultaneously.Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, gum tragacanth from Astragalus gossypinus species (Iranian species) is solved and loaded with an aminoglycoside antibiotic (Gentamicin). Prepared solution transformed to a nano fibers network “scaffold” by lyophilization method. Samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction methods and their antimicrobial and moisture holding properties were determined.Results: Gum tragacanth showed a proper potential for dispersing gentamicin and the drug was loaded into polymer matrix without any aggregation. Loaded gum tragacanth with gentamicin is successfully transformed to a nanofibers scaffold by lyophilization. The diameters of fibers were in the range of 300nm to 2µm. Transformed gum tragacanth into scaffolds showed declined regain content (up to 50%) due to the ordering and orientation of polymer chains. Ordered hydroxyl groups also observed in FTIR graphs. Regarding the zones of inhibition, scaffolds also showed acceptable antibacterial activities.Conclusion: Produced scaffolds are capable of absorbing wound’s exocrine liquid easily due to their high specific area of nanofibers. When it is turned to gel by moisture sorption, the release of loaded Gentamicin would be enhanced.

Background & Aims: Consistent with recent scientific advances in wound treatment, modern dressing, using technology and knowledge were designed and produced. Such a dressing can provide an appropriate environment for moisturizing wound healing by maintaining and controlling moisture along with other conditions. This study aims to compare the effect of dry and moist dressing on burn wound healing.Material & Methods: It was a quasi experimental research. Sampling was done constantly according to inclusion criteria. The final sample consisted of 60 patients hospitalized in Shahid Motahari burn center with second degree burn and a TBSA less than or equal to 10% on both hands or legs. Data collection tools included demographic information form and observation checklist. Part of the burned area was covered with a dry dressing according to hospital routine and the other part covered with the wet dressing of NA ultra. The stage and duration of wound healing was observed and recorded in the third, seventh, thirteenth and twenty-first days. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and pair t-test by SPSS-PC (v. 13).Results: There was a significant difference between the mean scores of the stage (P<0.001) and duration (P=0.004) of burn wound healing.Conclusion: According to the findings, the use of wet dressings in treating burn wounds is advisable.

Dynamic compaction (DC) is a popular soil improvement method that is extensively used worldwide. DC treatment design is usually carried out based on past experiences and empirical relations. To establish a rational design approach, all important factors affecting the DC process should be taken into account. In this paper, a finite element code is developed for modeling the impact behavior of dry and moist granular soils. The code is verified with the results of some centrifuge tests. Several analyses were conducted in order to study the effects of energy/momentum per drop, tamper base radius, and number of drops on compaction degree, compacted depth, and extension of the improved zone in the ground. The developed code has considerable capabilities to be used as a tool for designing dynamic compaction treatments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the microhardness and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of White ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK) after setting in moist or dry intracanal conditions. Methods and Materials: To simulate root canal system, 14 polyethylen molds with internal diameter of 1 mm and height of 12 mm were used. These molds were filled with 9-mm thick layers of White ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK). The experimental group (n=7) had a damp cotton pellet with 1. 5 mm height and a 1. 5 mm layer of resin composite placed on it. In control group (n=7) the whole 3 mm above MTA were filled with resin composite. The specimens were kept in 37° C and relative humidity of 80% for 4 days in order to simulate physiological conditions. Specimens were longitudinally sectioned and nanoindentation tests were carried out using Berkovich indenter at loading rate of 2 mN/s at 4×5 matrices of indents which were located in the coronal, middle and apical thirds of the specimen’ s cross section, to evaluate the microhardness and modulus of elasticity of the specimen to appraise the progression of the setting process. Differences were assessed using nonparametric generalized Friedman rank sum and Wilcoxon Rank-Sum tests. Results: Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in microhardness and MOE between control and experimental groups at coronal (P<0. 001), middle (P<0. 001) and apical (P<0. 001) thirds of the simulated rod from simulated apical foramen. Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant effect of depth on microhardness of material in experimental or control groups. Conclusion: Within limitations of this in vitro study, it seems that moist intracanal environment improves setting of MTA in various depths.