Jasmonate compounds are known as new plant hormones that play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development. Mints have been used and valued as aromatic herbs for thousands of years. Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) is used for medicinal and food purposes and its essential oil is considered industrially important. Peppermint plants were grown in a greenhouse in pots. At flowering phase, the plants were treated with different concentrations of MeJA (0, 0.1, 0.5 mM) and after 24 h were evaluated for their carotenoid, anthocyanin, phenol, flavonol, flavonoid, H2O2, and proline. Analysis of variance indicated that different concentrations of MeJA caused significant variation in all measured traits except proline. As the latest studies indicated that components such as polyphenols, carotenoids, and flavonoids are natural antioxidants, the results of this experiment showed a significant increase in the antioxidant potential of Mentha piperita treated with 0.1 mM MeJA.

Aim and Background: Different types of drugs are used as pharmacologic prophylaxis for migraineheadache. Each of them has its own efficacy and side effects. In addition to pharmacological drugs, somestudies have also suggested the use of the alternate and herbal remedy in migraine. Peppermint has a longhistory of use in some disorders, including headache. In this study we evaluate the effectiveness of oralpeppermint extract (menthol) in migraine.Materials and methods: This study is a randomized clinical trial held in Sadaf pain clinic, Pars Hospitaland Amir-al-momenin Hospital in Tehran. In this study 40 patients, aged between 18 to 65 years with 2 to 8attacks per month who were on prophylactic treatment, have been observed for one month. Oral menthol 2%was also added for 1 month to their usual treatment (5 drops after lunch and dinner). Patients were followedfor frequency of attacks, headache severity, and duration of attacks and associated symptoms of attacks, onemonth before and one month after consumption of the peppermint extracts.Findings: Peppermint caused a significant decrease in frequency, severity and duration of attacks (P-value<0.05). Among symptoms, photophobia and phono-phobia were improved significantly (P-value<0.05), whereas no significant change was observed in nausea and vomiting (P-value>0.05).Conclusion: Our study showed that peppermint extract (menthol) could significantly reduce the intensity, duration and frequency of migraine attacks in combination with prophylactic pharmacologic therapy.

This study was performed to evaluate the effect of adding a mixture of peppermint, thyme and rosemary essential oils (EOs) in a ratio of (3:1:2), respectively, to the diet, on growth performance, rumen and blood parameters of fattening lambs. Twenty-one Mehraban lambs with an average weight of 29.80 kg were randomly allocated to one of three diets: 1) control, 2) base diet+1.25ml of EOs and 3) base diet+2.5ml of EOs. Daily weight gain was greater in the groups receiving the EOs than in the control, although this increase was mainly due to the interactions of treatment over time. Feed consumption and feed conversion ratio compared to the control did not altered. The total concentrations of VFAs and acetate in the groups receiving EOs decreased (P<0.05), while the concentration of propionate increased (P<0.05) at the level of 2.5ml of EOs and isovalerate increased (P<0.05) in both levels of EOs compared to the control. Total population of protozoa, rumen pH and ammonia nitrogen concentration were not affected by treatments. Glucose concentration increased at high level of EOs (P<0.05). Concentrations of urea, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, total protein and albumin did not altered. The number of red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, number and percentage of white cells including lymphocytes and eosinophils were not affected by treatments but the percentage of monocytes decreased (P<0.05) at low level of the EOs. The results of this experiment showed that the addition of mixture of EOs to the diet did not have a significant effect on performance parameters and immune system of lambs, although it reduced the total concentration of VFA and acetate and increased the concentration of propionate.

Aim and Background: Chemical mutagen mutagenic effects, diverse gene pool in plant resources and as a complementary tool in breeding programs are used. In this study, in order to make changes and changes in the morphological characteristics of different concentrations of active ingredients in the plant peppermint ethyl methane sulfonate were used EMS in vitro and field.Material and Methods: Research in vitro and farm with 4 treatments and 4 replications in a completely randomized design. From different treatments EMS includes 0/0% (control group), 0.05% and 0.01% and 0.005% and for different times (24 and 48) and the field was used in vitro. Evaluation was conducted in a test tube and simultaneously farm. After the transfer and development of subjects in conditions in vitro, treatment with the mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate were studied.Conclusion: The results showed that the use of MS medium mutagenic substances in medicinal plants play a role in phenotypic variation. Concentration of 0.01% EMS best result was significant at 1% and cultured explants were obtained, including that on the lateral buds and trailing characters such as stem length, number of leaves and buds of the side effect. The result analysis showed that the ethyl methane sulfonate oil treatments on materials essential components have not been affected.Results: Use mutagen EMS in peppermint plant tissue culture and in both instances treated plants on a farm stimulate the rapid growth of lateral buds of the plant, which increases the level of plant and thus increase the yield. Concentrations of greater than 0.05% EMS at 24 and 48 hours in loss of tissue samples and the field.

Essential oils are natural compounds, which have extensive applications in perfumery, food and pharmaceutical industries. Nowadays they are also used in preservation of foods and disinfectant production. Considering the undesirable effects of synthetic compounds on the nature and living beings, using natural compounds like essential oils have been noticed recently. Peppermint (Mentha piperita) belongs to Labiateae family and is originated from Mediterranean region. It is widely cultivated in the world. In this research, we studied composition and antifungal effects of Mentha piperita oil on Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri., Macrophomina phaseolina, and Dreschlera oryzea on the basis of agar dilution method. The test was caried out with factorial experiments based on the random complete block design with triplicates. 1- Essential oil analysis with GS/MS revealed that main compounds of oil include menthol (19.76%), menthan-3-one (19.31%), menthofuran+isomenthone (9.12%), 1, 8-cineole+beta phellandren (8.8%) and menthol acetate (5.63%). 2-Comparison of means by LSD (?=1%) revealed that inhibitory effect of essntial oil varied among different fungi. After 48 hours, results showed no significant difference between the growth of fungi at 800 and 1600 ppm neither did show between water and alcohol controls, but differences between 200 and 400 ppm were significant. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A and C was observed in 800 ppm, where as it was 1600 ppm in the case of B. After 72 hours, investigation showed that the MIC for A increased to 1600 ppm, whereas for C it was 800 ppm yet. After 3 days, 1600 ppm treatment completely inhibited the growth of fungi. After 7 days, it was found that 800 and 1600 ppm on C fungy, and 1600 ppm on A fungy were completely inhibitory. 3-Investigations on the fungicide effect of pippermint oil, showed that peppermint oil in these concentrations have no fungicide properties. The results of our studies revealed that the Mentha piperita oil exhibited a significant antifungal activity. Compounds of essential oils depend on climatic condition, spieces and chemiotype.